Andrew Aytoun (died 1547), was a Scottish soldier and engineer, and captain of Stirling Castle.
Aytoun worked for James IV of Scotland, whose reign lasted from 1488 until his death at the battle of Flodden in 1513. He was regarded as a member of the king's household and bought livery clothes in "Rissilis" black. [1]
He was Chamberlain of the royal estates in Stirlingshire and Strathearn. He was appointed Baillie of Stirlingshire and Keeper of Stirling Castle in February 1501. [2] He was also given a tack of lands at Inveralloun and the West part of Tillicoultry. [3]
From 1497 to 1508 he was master of building work at Stirling Castle, receiving £1,180 Scots in March 1505, and £445 in August 1506 with another £60 for hauling timber in October. The "King's Old Building" at Stirling Castle was completed by Walter Merlioun. The fore-work or gateway was also built at this time, by master masons John Lockhart and John Yorkstone, who managed their own budgets. [4] [5] Lockhart was a valued servant of James IV and had a royal pension of £20 in 1508. [6]
On 28 July 1497, at "Corriwale Hawch" he delivered a sum of money to Robert Ker, Master of Artillery, who had refurbished the great cannon Mons Meg and was hauling it to Norham Castle. [7] Aytoun may have caught up with Ker and the cannon near "Currie Wood" south of Edinburgh, at Borthwick Castle.
In September 1502 he was paid for the expenses of a royal household in Stirling which included the children of the king and Janet Kennedy, their nurses and female servants, the court embroiderers, Besse Hag, and Thomas Fleming. The king had gone on a pilgrimage to Whithorn without these women. Aytoun also paid for the attendance of a physician, Doctor Ogilvy, and for washing the clothes or swaddling of the youngest children, and the women who rocked their cradles. They stayed again in September 1503, and Margaret Tudor came from Linlithgow Palace. Aytoun obtained a dairy cow, fed the swans, stocked the fish-ponds with trout and pike, and supplied rushes for the floors of the bedchambers. On 20 October 1503 Aytoun helped Margaret Tudor move from Stirling back to Linlithgow. [8]
In July 1505 James IV gave him two shillings for the care of a sick man at the castle. [9]
In May 1506 he went to Dunblane to buy cart horses, and in June bought taffeta cloth for the king's hat from a Stirling merchant. In August 1506 he paid the king's painter and sent "Irish" prisoners, followers of the Lord of the Isles, from Stirling to Edinburgh. [10]
In September 1506 Andrew Aytoun was paid for making a dock for ship building at the Pool of Airth on the River Forth. His work was recorded as "casting of the dock in the Poll of Erth to the schip". James IV was a frequent visitor to the dock at Airth, as his one surviving household account book for 1512 shows. [11]
In November 1506 Aytoun paid the king's painter again, and also gave money to the alchemist Caldwell who was working in Stirling Castle with a furnace in an effort to make the fifth element known as "quinta essentia". Aytoun provided coal and charcoal for the alchemist's furnace in February, April, and May 1507. [12] Aytoun had supplied earthenware pots, alum, salt, and eggs to Alexander Ogilvy for the project in September 1503. The apothecary John Mosman also contributed to the alchemical work. [13] The remains of a floor with heat-cracked tiles discovered at the castle by archaeologists at the "Ladies' Lookout" is believed to be the site of the workshop Aytoun provided for Caldwell, or perhaps represents a kitchen. [14] [15] The burnt area is discussed as an "oven". [16]
In August 1507 Aytoun was the keeper of Donald of the Isles at Stirling Castle, and spent £17 on his prisoner's clothes. [17]
James IV gave him the lands of Nether Dunmure, or Denmuir, in the parish of Dunbog in Fife in 1507 for his good service. [18]
In January 1508 James IV gave his offices of keeper of Stirling Castle and Baillie of Stirlingshire to Alexander Elphinstone and his English wife, Elizabeth Barlay. [19]
Andrew Aytoun died in September 1547. [20]
Andrew Ayton married Isobel Kencragie. Their children included: [21]
Margaret Tudor was Queen of Scotland from 1503 until 1513 by marriage to King James IV. She then served as regent of Scotland during her son's minority, and successfully fought to extend her regency. Margaret was the eldest daughter and second child of King Henry VII of England and Elizabeth of York, and the elder sister of King Henry VIII of England.
The ruins of Linlithgow Palace are situated in the town of Linlithgow, West Lothian, Scotland, 15 miles (24 km) west of Edinburgh. The palace was one of the principal residences of the monarchs of Scotland in the 15th and 16th centuries. Although maintained after Scotland's monarchs left for England in 1603, the palace was little used, and was burned out in 1746. It is now a visitor attraction in the care of Historic Environment Scotland.
Airth is a Royal Burgh, village, former trading port and civil parish in Falkirk, Scotland. It is 18 miles north of Falkirk town and sits on the banks of the River Forth. Airth lies on the A905 road between Grangemouth and Stirling and is overlooked by Airth Castle; the village retains two market crosses and a small number of historic houses. At the time of the 2001 census the village had a population of 1,273 residents but this has been revised to 1,660 according to a 2008 estimate.
Janet Kennedy, was a Scottish noble and the mistress of King James IV of Scotland.
Alexander Elphinstone, 1st Lord Elphinstone was a Scottish peer. He was the son of Sir John Elphinstone of that ilk and of Pittendreich.
The Scottish royal tapestry collection was a group of tapestry hangings assembled to decorate the palaces of sixteenth-century kings and queens of Scotland.
John Damian de Falcuis was an Italian at the court of James IV of Scotland. His attempts at medicine, alchemy, flying, and his advancement by the king encouraged a satirical attack by the poet William Dunbar.
Ellen or Elen More was an African servant at the Scottish royal court. There are records of clothing and gifts given to her, although her roles and status are unclear. Some recent scholarship suggests she was a slave. She is associated with a racist poem by William Dunbar, and may have performed in Edinburgh as the "Black Lady" at royal tournaments in 1507 and 1508.
Jerome or Girolamo Frescobaldi was an Italian financier and textile merchant in Bruges and at the Scottish court.
James Hommyll, was a wealthy merchant in Edinburgh.
Walter Merlioun, was a Scottish master mason based in Edinburgh.
John Mosman was an apothecary at the Scottish court.
John Oliphant, 2nd Lord Oliphant was a Scottish landowner.
Elizabeth Barlay or Barlow was an English lady in waiting to Margaret Tudor the wife of James IV of Scotland.
William Foular was a Scottish apothecary who served the Scottish court.
Robert Spittell or Spittall or Spittale was a Scottish tailor who served Margaret Tudor, queen consort of James IV of Scotland.
Eleanor or Alianor Verney was an English courtier who travelled to Scotland with Margaret Tudor in 1503.
Eleanor Johns or Jones was a Welsh-born courtier of Elizabeth of York and her daughter Margaret Tudor.
The More Taubronar was a musician of African origin at the court of James IV of Scotland and his wife Margaret Tudor. His name is unknown. A "taubron" was a kind of drum, the word is related to the modern form "tabor". The word "More" or "Moryen" was used for people of African origin. Archival records credit the More Taubronar as the producer of a costumed dance or masque performed at the Scottish royal court.
Matthew Auchinleck or Matho Auchlek was a Scottish goldsmith who worked for James VI of Scotland and Margaret Tudor.