Andrew Papachristos | |
---|---|
Born | |
Education | Loyola University of Chicago, University of Chicago |
Known for | Work on gun violence and its transmission |
Awards | 1994 Yoshiyama Award from The Hitachi Foundation, [1] 2012 Ruth Shonle Cavan Young Scholar Award (with Min Xie) |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Sociology |
Institutions | Yale University |
Thesis | Murder by structure: a network theory of gang homicide (2007) |
Andrew Vasilios Papachristos is an American sociologist, professor of sociology and faculty fellow at the Institute for Policy Research (IPR) at Northwestern University. He is also the director of the Northwestern Neighborhoods & Networks Initiative (N3) that engages communities, civic partners, and policy makers to address core problems facing the residents of Chicago and surrounding communities. He previously served as professor of sociology at Yale University, where he directed the Policy Lab at Yale as well as the Center for Research on Inequalities and the Life Course.
A native of Chicago, Illinois, [2] Papachristos received his B.S. summa cum laude from Loyola University of Chicago in 1998, his M.A. from the University of Chicago in 2000, and his Ph.D. in sociology from the University of Chicago in 2007. From 2007 to 2012, he was an assistant, and later associate, professor at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. From 2010 to 2012, he was a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Health & Society Scholar at Harvard University. In 2012, he joined the faculty at Yale, where he was promoted to full professor in 2017, [3] serving in the departments of sociology, public health (by courtesy), and at Yale Law School. [4] In 2018, Papachristos joined the faculty of Northwestern University as professor of sociology, faculty fellow at the Institute for Policy Research (IPR), and founding director of the Northwestern Neighborhoods & Networks Initiative (N3). [5]
Papachristos is known for researching gun violence in the United States, and how social networks help spread it. [6] [7] [8] [9] With Christopher Wildeman, he has shown that being a member of a certain social network within a given neighborhood increases the odds of being the victim of homicide by 900%. [10] His research on gun violence has inspired an algorithm used to predict who will become a victim of gun violence in the future, based on nine years of data from Chicago. [2] [11]
Gary Kleck is a criminologist and the David J. Bordua Professor Emeritus of Criminology at Florida State University.
William Julius Wilson is an American sociologist, a professor at Harvard University, and an author of works on urban sociology, race, and class issues. Laureate of the National Medal of Science, he served as the 80th President of the American Sociological Association, was a member of numerous national boards and commissions. He identified the importance of neighborhood effects and demonstrated how limited employment opportunities and weakened institutional resources exacerbated poverty within American inner-city neighborhoods.
James Lindgren is a professor of law at Northwestern University. Born in 1952 in Rockford, Illinois, Lindgren graduated from Yale College and the University of Chicago Law School (1977), where he was an editor of the University of Chicago Law Review. He received his Ph.D. in Sociology from the University of Chicago in 2009.
The Violence Policy Center (VPC) is an American nonprofit organization that advocates for gun control.
Gun violence is a term of political, economic and sociological interest referring to the tens of thousands of annual firearms-related deaths and injuries occurring in the United States.
Operation Ceasefire (also known as the Boston Gun Project and the Boston Miracle) is a problem-oriented policing initiative implemented in 1996 in Boston, Massachusetts. The program was specifically aimed at youth gun violence as a large-scale problem. The plan is based on the work of criminologist David M. Kennedy.
Crime in Chicago has been tracked by the Chicago Police Department's Bureau of Records since the beginning of the 20th century.
Elijah Anderson is an American sociologist. He is the Sterling Professor of Sociology and of African American Studies at Yale University, where he teaches and directs the Urban Ethnography Project. Anderson is one of the nation’s leading urban ethnographers and cultural theorists. Anderson is known most notably for his book, Code of the Street: Decency, Violence, and the Moral Life of the Inner City (1999).
Jonathan Simon is an American academic, the Lance Robbins Professor of Criminal Justice Law, and the former Associate Dean of the Jurisprudence and Social Policy Program at the UC Berkeley School of Law. Simon’s scholarship concerns the role of crime and criminal justice in governing contemporary societies, risk and the law, and the history of the interdisciplinary study of law. His other interests include criminology; penology; sociology; insurance models of governing risk; governance; the origins and consequences of, and solutions to, the California prison "crisis"; parole; prisons; capital punishment; immigration detention; and the warehousing of incarcerated people.
Lawrence W. Sherman is an experimental criminologist and police educator who defined evidence-based policing. Since October 2024 he has served as Chief Executive Officer of Benchmark Cambridge, a global police reform organisation. From 2022-24 he was Chief Scientific Officer of the Metropolitan Police at Scotland Yard, and since 2017 he has served as the Wolfson Professor of Criminology Emeritus at the University of Cambridge Institute of Criminology.
Roger V. Gould was an American sociologist who emphasized the importance of basing theories upon research into actual events.
David Van Zandt is an American attorney, legal scholar, and academic administrator. He served as president of The New School from Jan. 2011 to Apr. 15, 2020. Earlier he served as Dean of Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law, from 1995 to 2011. He has taught courses in international financial markets, business associations, property, practical issues in business law, and legal realism. He is an expert in business associations, international business transactions, property law, jurisprudence, law and social science, and legal education.
The Ferguson effect is an increase in violent crime rates in a community caused by reduced proactive policing due to the community's distrust and hostility towards police. The Ferguson effect was first proposed after police saw an increase in violence following the 2014 shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri. The term was coined by Doyle Sam Dotson III, the chief of the St. Louis police, to account for an increased murder rate in some U.S. cities following the Ferguson unrest. Whether the Ferguson effect really exists is subject of discussions with many published studies reporting contradicting findings concerning whether there is a change in crime rates, number of 911 calls, homicides, and proactive policing. Furthermore, the effect and influence of the portrayal of police brutality in the media is also contested.
David McDowall is an American criminologist and distinguished teaching professor in the School of Criminal Justice at University at Albany, SUNY, where he is also co-director of the Violence Research Group. Educated at Portland State University and Northwestern University, he taught at the University of Maryland, College Park from 1990 until joining the University at Albany in 1996. He has published a number of studies pertaining to gun violence in the United States.
Anthony Allan Braga is an American criminologist and the Jerry Lee Professor of Criminology at the University of Pennsylvania. Braga is also the Director of the Crime and Justice Policy Lab at the University of Pennsylvania. He previously held faculty and senior research positions at Harvard University, Northeastern University, Rutgers University, and the University of California at Berkeley. Braga is a member of the federal monitor team overseeing the reforms to New York City Police Department (NYPD) policies, training, supervision, auditing, and handling of complaints and discipline regarding stops and frisks and trespass enforcement.
Mark Gregory Duggan is the Wayne and Jodi Cooperman Professor of Economics at Stanford University. He also served as director of the Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research (SIEPR) for nine years, ending August 31, 2024.
Mary Pattillo is an American professor and ethnographer of African American studies at Northwestern University. She is the Harold Washington Professor of Sociology and chair of the Department of Black Studies. As of 2016, she has served as director of undergraduate studies in African American studies and has been a faculty associate in Northwestern's Institute for Policy Research since 2004. She has formerly served as chair of Northwestern University's department of sociology.
The National Network for Safe Communities (NNSC) is a research center at City University of New York John Jay College of Criminal Justice. The NNSC works with communities to reduce violence, minimize arrest and incarceration, and increase trust between law enforcement and the public. Working in partnership with cities around the country the NNSC provides advising on implementing evidence-based violence reduction strategies. Additionally, the NNSC provides guidance on how to build trust between law enforcement and the communities it serves, facilitates connections between practitioners within and across jurisdictions, and serves as a resource for knowledge about violence prevention and reduction strategies.
Monica Prasad is an American sociologist who has won several awards for her books on economic and political sociology.
Dexter R. Voisin is an American-Trinidadian professor, social work scientist, author, psychotherapist, and public speaker. Voisin currently serves as the President of the National Association of Deans and Directors. His expertise focuses on the impact of interpersonal, community and structural violence on the health and mental health of racialized youth and the factors that promote resiliency.