Anna Banerji | |
---|---|
Nationality | Canadian |
Alma mater | University of Toronto Harvard School of Public Health McGill University Ottawa University |
Occupation(s) | Infectious and tropical disease physician; pediatrican; public health specialist |
Organization(s) | Founder and chair, North American Refugee Health Conference (Canadian), founder and chair, Indigenous Health Conference |
Known for | COVID-19 commentary in Canadian news, advocacy for Indigenous and refugee populations |
Honours | Order of Ontario, 2012 Diamond Jubilee Medal, 2012 Peter Henderson Bryce Award 2019 |
Anna Banerji M.D., O. Ont. is a Toronto infectious disease doctor, tropical disease specialist, pediatrician, public health specialist, academic, and activist. [1] She is the founder and chair of both the North American Refugee Health Conference in Canada [2] and the Indigenous Health Conference, [3] and the co-founder of the Society of Refugee Healthcare Providers. [4] She was awarded the Dr Peter Bryce Henderson for her advocacy for Indigenous children. [5]
Banerji studied Arts and Science at the University of Toronto from 1983 to 1985. In 1989, she graduated from the University of Toronto as a Doctor of Medicine. [4] She completed a pediatric residency at Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa from 1992 to 1995, then Infectious Diseases at McGill University from 1995 to 1997. Subsequently she completed a clinical research fellowship while studying Tropical Medicine in 1998.
She obtained a Masters of Public Health from Harvard School of Public Health [4] in 2003, where she was selected as promising graduate to represent HSPH for the Harvard Gazette for the class of 2003. [6]
From 2007 to 2016, Banerji was an assistant professor at University of Toronto's Faculty of Medicine, specialising in infectious and tropical disease and pediatrics. [4] She is currently an associate professor at both the University of Toronto's Dalla Lana School of Public Health [7] and the University of Toronto's Temerty Faculty of Medicine. [4]
She has spent almost three decades advocating for equity for Indigenous children, including the RSV antibody palivizumab, and for better housing, access to clean water and solutions to food insecurity. [5] Banerji published a series of papers that showed that infants in Nunavut have the highest global rate of Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). [8] [9] [10] [11] She did economic analyses to show that it was cheaper to give the RSV antibody palivizumab than to pay for hospitalization. [12] [13] [14] [15] However, this strategy was introduced, resulting in a petition with almost a quarter of a million signatures at change.org. [16]
Banerji has been working with refugee populations for most of her career, and created refugee children's clinics when there was a surge of Syrian refugees and more recently Afghan refugees. [17] She is the founder and chair of the North American Refugee Health Conference in Canada, which occurs on alternative years. [2] She is the co-founder of the Society of Refugee Healthcare Providers, and was the first chair of the board from 2015 to 2022. [4] She is the founding Executive Director of the new not-for-profit North American Refugee Health Confernece Inc.
Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic Banerji was regularly quoted in Canadian media speaking about the connections between COVID-19 and child mental health, [18] how to safely navigate family gatherings, [7] the importance of COVID-19 vaccines, [19] COVID-19 vaccine mandates, [20] and the need for better public policy. [21] She was very involved in addressing COVID-19 in Indigenous communities in Ontario, including petitioning for more resources, [22] being part of the Nishnawabe Aski Nation Covid-19 Task-force, and spending five weeks vaccinating First Nations Indigenous youth in Northern Ontario. [23]
She was the recipient of the Dr. Peter Henderson Bryce Award in 2019. [5]
In addition to being a physician and an human rights advocate, Banerji used to be a clown during medical school, and has made animal balloons for children around the world including in Africa, Haiti after the earthquake, and recently in remote First Nations communities. She is commonly referred to as "Dr. Balloon". [23]
Banerji has a daughter who was born in 2000. She adopted a son from Nunavut, Nathan Banerji-Kearney, who died in 2018 by suicide, aged 14. [27] [28] Banerji, with friends, set up two scholarships in her son's name for Indigenous medical students, [29] [30] [31] and has advocated for improving access to mental health services, especially for Indigenous youth. [32]
An inuksuk or inukshuk is a type of stone landmark or cairn built by, and for the use of, Inuit, Iñupiat, Kalaallit, Yupik, and other peoples of the Arctic region of North America. These structures are found in northern Canada, Greenland, and Alaska. This combined region, north of the Arctic Circle, is dominated by the tundra biome and has areas with few natural landmarks.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), also called human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) and human orthopneumovirus, is a contagious virus that causes infections of the respiratory tract. It is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Its name is derived from the large cells known as syncytia that form when infected cells fuse.
Human metapneumovirus is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus of the family Pneumoviridae and is closely related to the Avian metapneumovirus (AMPV) subgroup C. It was isolated for the first time in 2001 in the Netherlands by using the RAP-PCR technique for identification of unknown viruses growing in cultured cells. As of 2016, it was the second most common cause of acute respiratory tract illness in otherwise-healthy children under the age of 5 in a large US outpatient clinic.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases is one of the 27 institutes and centers that make up the National Institutes of Health (NIH), an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). NIAID's mission is to conduct basic and applied research to better understand, treat, and prevent infectious, immunologic, and allergic diseases.
Gregory Antone Prince is an American pathology researcher, businessman, author, social critic, and historian of the Latter Day Saint movement.
Palivizumab, sold under the brand name Synagis, is a monoclonal antibody produced by recombinant DNA technology used to prevent severe disease caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections. It is recommended for infants at high-risk for RSV due to conditions such as prematurity or other medical problems including heart or lung diseases.
The Indian hospitals were racially segregated hospitals, originally serving as tuberculosis sanatoria but later operating as general hospitals for indigenous peoples in Canada which operated during the 20th century. The hospitals were originally used to isolate Indigenous tuberculosis patients from the general population because of a fear among health officials that "Indian TB" posed a danger to the non-indigenous population. Many of these hospitals were located on Indian reserves, and might also be called reserve hospitals, while others were in nearby cities.
Novavax, Inc. is an American biotechnology company based in Gaithersburg, Maryland, that develops vaccines to counter serious infectious diseases. Prior to 2020, company scientists developed experimental vaccines for influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), as well as Ebola and other emerging infectious diseases. During 2020, the company redirected its efforts to focus on development and approval of its NVX-CoV2373 vaccine for COVID-19.
Brian R. Murphy is an American virologist and former co-chief of the Laboratory of Infectious Diseases at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease.
A respiratory syncytial virus vaccine, or RSV vaccine, is a vaccine that protects against respiratory syncytial virus. RSV affects an estimated 64 million people and causes 160,000 deaths worldwide each year.
Bonnie J. Fraser Henry is a Canadian physician and public servant who has been the provincial health officer at the British Columbia Ministry of Health since 2014. Henry is also a clinical associate professor at the University of British Columbia. She is a specialist in public health and preventive medicine, and is a family doctor. In her role as provincial health officer, Henry notably led the response to COVID-19 in British Columbia (BC).
Allison Joan McGeer is a Canadian infectious disease specialist in the Sinai Health System, and a professor in the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology at the University of Toronto. She also appointed at the Dalla Lana School of Public Health and a Senior Clinician Scientist at the Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, and is a partner of the National Collaborating Centre for Infectious Diseases. McGeer has led investigations into the severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak in Toronto and worked alongside Donald Low. During the COVID-19 pandemic, McGeer has studied how SARS-CoV-2 survives in the air and has served on several provincial committees advising aspects of the Government of Ontario's pandemic response.
Samira Mubareka is a Canadian microbiologist who is a clinical scientist at the Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre in Toronto, Ontario. Her research considers the influenza virus, viral transmission and aerobiology. During the COVID-19 pandemic Mubareka isolated the genome of Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in an effort to improve detection and diagnostics. She served as a member of the Ontario COVID-19 Science Advisory Table.
Shabir Ahmed Madhi, is a South African physician who is professor of vaccinology and director of the South African Medical Research Council Respiratory and Meningeal Pathogens Research Unit at the University of the Witwatersrand, and National Research Foundation/Department of Science and Technology Research Chair in Vaccine Preventable Diseases. In January 2021, he was appointed Dean of the Faculty of Health Sciences at the University of the Witwatersrand.
COVID-19 COVID-19 differs from influenza in two important ways. It appears to be more contagious than the flu, and also causes more severe illness. The disease is transmitted primarily through contact with infectious material, particularly respiratory droplets that enter the environment when an infected person sneezes or coughs. But it’s not just airborne: You can also catch it if you come into contact with a contaminated surface then touch your mouth, nose, or eyes. COVID-19 may also result in long-lasting respiratory and neurological symptoms and complications. Flu Between worldwide outbreaks, influenza viruses undergo constant, rapid evolution. The incubation period is one to two days, which is a major difference between it and COVID-19, whose symptoms may take anywhere from two days to two weeks to emerge. Once infected with the flu, the onset of symptoms is abrupt, with sudden and distinct chills, fatigue, and muscle aches. One’s temperature rises rapidly to 38–40 °C, often accompanied by headaches and irritation in the throat. RSV Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) typically produces a mild coldlike illness, but in susceptible individuals, particularly infants under six, it is a major cause of severe and potentially fatal lower respiratory disease. An estimated 60 to 70 percent of children have been infected with RSV by age one, and nearly all children have by age two. Symptoms generally appear within four to six days of infection and include runny nose, cough, sore throat, headache, fever, and wheezing.by momommed
Rachel Kiddell-Monroe LL.M is a Montreal-based academic, activist, and lawyer. She is the General Director of See Change Initiative and faculty at McGill University where she teaches about humanitarian aid.
Nirsevimab, sold under the brand name Beyfortus, is a human recombinant monoclonal antibody with activity against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). It is a respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) F protein‑directed fusion inhibitor that is designed to bind to the fusion protein on the surface of the RSV virus.
In the waning months of 2022, the first northern hemisphere autumn with the nearly full relaxation of public health precautions related to the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitals in the United States and Canada began to see overwhelming numbers of pediatric care patients, primarily driven by a massive upswing in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) cases, but also flu, rhinovirus, enterovirus, and SARS-CoV-2.
Clesrovimab (MK-1654) is a fully human monoclonal antibody designed to prevent respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections. Developed by Merck, it is in a phase III trial as of 2023. It works differently than nirsevimab.