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LGBT is an initialism that stands for "lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender." In use since the 1990s, the initialism, as well as some of its common variants, functions as an umbrella term for certain sexualities and gender identities.
A cisgender person has a gender identity that matches their sex assigned at birth. A person whose sex was assigned male at birth and identifies as a boy or a man, or someone whose sex was assigned female at birth and identifies as a girl or a woman, is considered cisgender.
Transphobia is a collection of ideas and phenomena that encompass a range of negative attitudes, feelings, or actions towards transgender people or transness in general. Transphobia can include fear, aversion, hatred, violence or anger towards people who do not conform to social gender expectations. It is often expressed alongside homophobic views and hence is often considered an aspect of homophobia. Transphobia is a type of prejudice and discrimination, similar to racism and sexism, and transgender people of color are often subjected to all three forms of discrimination at once.
Gender identity is the personal sense of one's own gender. Gender identity can correlate with a person's assigned sex or can differ from it. In most individuals, the various biological determinants of sex are congruent, and consistent with the individual's gender identity. Gender expression typically reflects a person's gender identity, but this is not always the case. While a person may express behaviors, attitudes, and appearances consistent with a particular gender role, such expression may not necessarily reflect their gender identity. The term gender identity was coined by psychiatry professor Robert J. Stoller in 1964 and popularized by psychologist John Money.
The following outline offers an overview and guide to transgender topics.
Transfeminism, also written trans feminism is a branch of feminism focused on transgender women and informed by transgender studies.
The Compton's Cafeteria riot occurred in August 1966 in the Tenderloin district of San Francisco. The riot was a response to the violent and constant police harassment of drag queens and trans people, particularly trans women. The incident was one of the first LGBT-related riots in United States history, preceding the more famous 1969 Stonewall riots in New York City. It marked the beginning of transgender activism in San Francisco.
The Transsexual News Telegraph was a quarterly news and topics magazine published in United States from 1991 to 2002. TNT covers often portrayed Trans Identities or Art and the back covers were usually a piece of graphic art with a thought provoking theme.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) rights in India have been evolving rapidly in recent years. However, Indian LGBT citizens face social and legal difficulties not experienced by non-LGBT persons.
LGBT movements in the United States comprise an interwoven history of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and allied movements in the United States of America, beginning in the early 20th century and influential in achieving social progress for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and transsexual people.
Julia Michelle Serano is an American writer, musician, spoken-word performer, trans–bi activist, and biologist. She is known for her transfeminist books Whipping Girl (2007), Excluded (2013), and Outspoken (2016). She is also a prolific public speaker who has given many talks at universities and conferences. Her writing is frequently featured in queer, feminist, and popular culture magazines.
The transgender rights movement is a movement to promote the legal status of transgender people and to eliminate discrimination and violence against transgender people regarding housing, employment, public accommodations, education, and health care. A major goal of transgender activism is to allow changes to identification documents to conform with a person's current gender identity without the need for sex reassignment surgery or any medical requirements, which is known as gender self-identification. It is part of the broader LGBT rights movements.
Transmisogyny, otherwise known as trans-misogyny and transphobic misogyny, is the intersection of transphobia and misogyny as experienced by trans women and transfeminine people. The term was coined by Julia Serano in her 2007 book Whipping Girl to describe a particular form of oppression experienced by trans women. In an interview with the New York Times, Serano explores the roots of transmisogyny as a critique of feminine gender expressions which are "ridiculed in comparison to masculine interests and gender expression."
This article addresses the history of transgender people in the United States from prior to western contact until the present. There are a few historical accounts of transgender people that have been present in the land now known as the United States at least since the early 1600s. Before Western contact, some Native American tribes had third gender people whose social roles varied from tribe to tribe. People dressing and living differently from the gender roles typical of their sex assigned at birth and contributing to various aspects of American history and culture have been documented from the 17th century to the present day. In the 20th and 21st centuries, advances in sex reassignment surgery as well as transgender activism have influenced transgender life and the popular perception of transgender people in the United States.
Feminist views on transgender topics vary widely. Third-wave feminists and fourth-wave feminists tend to view the struggle for trans rights as an integral part of intersectional feminism. Former president of the American National Organization for Women (NOW) Terry O'Neill has stated that the struggle against transphobia is a feminist issue, with NOW affirming that "trans women are women, trans girls are girls." Several studies have found that people who identify as feminists tend to be more accepting of trans people than those who do not.
Miss Major Griffin-Gracy, often referred to as Miss Major, is a trans woman activist and community leader for transgender rights, with a particular focus on women of color. She served as the original Executive Director for the Transgender Gender Variant Intersex Justice Project, that aims to assist transgender persons, who are disproportionately incarcerated under the prison-industrial complex. Griffin-Gracy has participated in activism for a wide range of causes throughout her lifetime.
The following outline offers an overview and guide to LGBT topics.
Transgender people have existed in cultures worldwide since ancient times. The modern terms and meanings of "transgender", "gender", "gender identity", and "gender role" only emerged in the 1950s and 1960s. As a result, opinions vary on how to categorize historical accounts of gender-variant people and identities.
This article addresses the history of transgender people across the British Isles in the United Kingdom, the British colonies and the Kingdom of England until the present day. Transgender people were historically recognised in the UK by varying titles and cultural gender indicators, such as dress. People dressing and living differently from their sex assignment at birth and contributing to various aspects of British history and culture have been documented from the 14th century to the present day. In the 20th century, advances in medicine, social and biological sciences and transgender activism have influenced transgender life in the UK.
Angela Lynn Douglas was an American transgender activist and singer. She was a transgender woman who performed as a rock musician and was a prominent figure in transgender activism during the 1970s. She founded the Transsexual Action Organization (TAO), the first international trans organization. She wrote articles about the state of trans politics at the time for the Berkeley Barb, The Advocate, the Bay Area Reporter, and Everywoman, in addition to TAO's Mirage magazine and Moonshadow Bulletin. She expressed racist attitudes at various points in her life, and at one point became active with the Nazi party.
References
- 1 2 3 Patrick Califia (18 September 2013). Sex Changes: Transgender Politics. Cleis Press. pp. 274–. ISBN 978-1-57344-892-5.
- ↑ Dan Levy; David Tuller (May 28, 1993). "Transgender People Coming Out - Opening Up the World of Drag". San Francisco Chronicle. p. A1.
- ↑ SWI-Prolog. "SWI-Prolog Profile for user Anne Ogborn". SWI-Prolog. Archived from the original on 26 September 2022. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
- ↑ Sharon E. Preves (Fall 2005). "Out of the O.R. and Into The Streets: Exploring the Impact of Intersex Media Activism". Cardozo Journal of Law & Gender.
- 1 2 Stryker, Susan (2008). Transgender history. Berkeley, CA: Seal Press. ISBN 978-1-58005-224-5. OCLC 183914566.
- ↑ Green, Jamison (August–September 1993). "An FTM with IFGE at the APA". GenderFlex. III (18): 5–6. Archived from the original on 2020-10-01. Retrieved 2020-04-02– via Digital Transgender Archive.
- ↑ "Editorial Expanding Our Focus". Transsexual News Telegraph. 3: 1–2. January 1992.
- ↑ Brown, Candice (1998), "Indian Hijras to Visit United States", Transgender Tapestry, archived from the original on March 5, 2016, retrieved August 4, 2016
- ↑ Anne, Ogborn (1995), "Hermaphrodites with Attitudes" (PDF), Intersex Society of North America, archived (PDF) from the original on August 22, 2022, retrieved August 22, 2022
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