Antonio Nirta | |
---|---|
Born | |
Died | 1 September 2015 96) Benestare, Italy | (aged
Nationality | Italian |
Allegiance | 'Ndrangheta |
Antonio Nirta (22 April 1919 – 1 September 2015) was a boss of the 'Ndrangheta, a Mafia-type organization, in the Italian region of Calabria. Together with his brothers Giuseppe, Francesco, and Sebastiano, he ruled San Luca, a stronghold of the 'Ndrangheta.
In 1935, at the age of 16, Nirta was already charged for coercion with the use of arms. In 1953, authorities considered him a danger for public order. By 1967, he was charged with criminal association, extortion, and attempted murder. [1]
In October 1969, Nirta participated in the infamous Montalto meeting near the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Polsi in the municipality of San Luca. The meeting was interrupted by the police, and was intended to discuss the future operation of the 'Ndrangheta and whether or not the organization would back the Golpe Borghese, a planned right-wing coup attempt by Junio Valerio Borghese, which fizzled out on the night of 8 December 1970. The court in Locri sentenced Nirta to two years and seven months for criminal association because of his attendance of the meeting. [1]
The historical pre-eminence of the San Luca family within the 'Ndrangheta is such that every new group or locale must obtain its authorization to operate, and every group belonging to the 'Ndrangheta "still has to deposit a small percentage of illicit proceeds to the principale of San Luca as a tribute of sorts, in recognition of the latter's primordial supremacy". [2] In the words of a study published in 2005 by Italy's domestic intelligence service, San Luca is "the cradle of [the 'Ndrangheta] and its epicentre". [3]
Since the mid-1970s, according to several pentiti , members of the Nirta family from San Luca and the Piromalli family from Gioia Tauro rotated among themselves the position of capo crimine . [4] Nirta and his brothers belonged to the high level of the organization, the maggiore. [5]
Nirta was known as the diplomat of the clan. He mediated the peace between the Paolo De Stefano and the Antonio Imerti–Pasquale Condello clans in the Second 'Ndrangheta war that raged from 1985 to 1991 and left some 600 dead. Nirta vouched for the De Stefanos, while Antonio Mammoliti vouched for the Imerti clan. [6] He became a member of Camera di Controllo , a provincial commission of the 'Ndrangheta formed at the end of the war in September 1991, to avoid further internal conflicts. [7] In 1993, the old patriarch Nirta again imposed a peace in the San Luca feud, a war between the two clans Pelle-Vottari-Romeo and Strangio-Nirta from San Luca that had started in 1991. with the help of the De Stefano clan from Reggio Calabria, which held for some time. [5] [8]
On 8 August 1993, Nirta was arrested in the small town of Benestare. [9] He died at home on 1 September 2015; he was 96. [10]
San Luca is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Reggio Calabria in Italy, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) southwest of Catanzaro and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) east of Reggio Calabria. The town is situated on the eastern slopes of the Aspromonte mountains and in the valley of the Bonamico river. The village has long been known as a stronghold of the 'Ndrangheta, a Mafia-type criminal organisation based in Calabria, with an ongoing clan based power struggle dubbed the San Luca feud.
The San Luca feud or Vendetta of San Luca is a long-running conflict between two clans of the 'Ndrangheta crime organisation that began in 1991 in Italy's Calabria region in the village of San Luca.
Pasquale Condello is an Italian criminal known as a member of the 'Ndrangheta, a Mafia-type organisation in Calabria, southern Italy. He is also known as Il supremo for his role at the top of the crime syndicate. He was a fugitive and included in the list of most wanted fugitives in Italy from 1990 until his capture in February 2008. Investigators called him the "Provenzano of Calabria" – a reference to Bernardo Provenzano, the Sicilian "boss of bosses" who was arrested in 2006 after some 40 years as a fugitive.
Paolo De Stefano was an Italian mobster and member of the 'Ndrangheta who became the undisputed boss of Reggio Calabria. Together with his brothers Giovanni, Giorgio and Orazio he headed the De Stefano 'ndrina.
Antonio Pelle, also known as Ntoni Gambazza, was a historically significant and charismatic 'Ndrangheta boss from San Luca in Calabria. He was the patriarch of the San Luca locale and the 'Ndrangheta capo crimine, the titular head of the organisation, although with little effective power. He reached the rank of vangelo, at the time the highest rank in the organisation.
La Santa is a secret society within the 'Ndrangheta, a criminal organisation in Calabria (Italy). The name probably derives from the shortening of mamma santissima. In mafia slang, the expression is used to refer to mafia chiefs. Mamma santissima literally means "most holy mother" and refers to the Virgin Mary, who is regarded as the protector of the 'Ndrangheta.
Domenico Tripodo was an Italian criminal and a historical and charismatic boss of the 'Ndrangheta dominating the city of Reggio Calabria and the surrounding areas. Also known as Don Mico Tripodo he was one of the most powerful 'Ndrangheta bosses of his time, held in high respect by his criminal associates.
The Piromalli 'ndrina is one of the most powerful clans of the 'Ndrangheta, a criminal and mafia-type organisation in Calabria, Italy. The 'ndrina is based in Gioia Tauro on the Tyrrhenian coast. The Piromalli's are allied with their relatives of the Molè family, also from Gioia Tauro. Often they are referred to as the Piromalli-Molè clan. The Piromalli clan contains more than 200 members.
The De Stefano 'ndrina, or the De Stefano family or De Stefano-Tegano family, is one of the most powerful clans of the 'Ndrangheta, a criminal and mafia-type organisation in Calabria, Italy. The 'ndrina hailed from the Archi neighbourhood in Reggio Calabria. Several of its members were included in the list of most wanted fugitives in Italy. According to prosecutor Salvatore Boemi, the De Stefanos are the representation of the manager-criminal controlling a crime multinational with joint ventures with Raffaele Cutolo from the Camorra and Nitto Santapaola and Francesco Ferrera from Cosa Nostra in Catania.
Giovanni Tegano was an Italian criminal and a member of the 'Ndrangheta, the Calabrian mafia. He was a fugitive since 1993 and was included in the list of most wanted fugitives in Italy, until his arrest in April 2010. He was convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment for murder, arms trafficking, and mafia association.
Antonio Imerti, also known as Nano feroce, is an Italian criminal and a member of the 'Ndrangheta, the Calabrian mafia. He was born in Villa San Giovanni and controlled the Fiumara di Muro neighbourhood in Reggio Calabria.
Domenico Libri, also known as Don Mico, was an Italian criminal and a member of the 'Ndrangheta in Calabria. Libri was a fugitive since June 1989 and his name was on the list of most wanted fugitives in Italy until his capture in September 1992. At the time he was considered to be the 'Ndrangheta’s number one.
The Second 'Ndrangheta war was an internal struggle in the 'Ndrangheta, a criminal organisation in Calabria. The conflict raged from 1985–1991 in Reggio Calabria. Practically all the 'ndrine in the city of Reggio Calabria grouped into either one of two opposing factions: the Condello, Imerti, Serraino and Rosmini clans on one side, and the De Stefano, Tegano, Libri and Latella clans on the other.
Giorgio De Stefano is an Italian criminal and a member of the 'Ndrangheta in Calabria, a Mafia-type criminal organisation in Calabria. He belongs to the De Stefano 'ndrina, based in the Archi neighbourhood in the city of Reggio Calabria, and is a cousin of the historical boss Paolo De Stefano. He has a degree in criminal law and is often referred to as "the lawyer". According to anti-mafia investigators, he represents "the brains" of the De Stefano clan, able to elaborate alliances and strategies, with a typically managerial approach, identifying the most lucrative criminal activities to be implemented.
Paolo Serraino, is an Italian criminal and a member of the 'Ndrangheta mafia-like organization in Calabria. He was born in Cardeto, about 10 km southeast of the city of Reggio Calabria.
The Serraino 'ndrina is a clan of the 'Ndrangheta, a criminal and mafia-type organisation in Calabria, Italy. The 'ndrina is based in Cardeto, about 10 km southeast of the city of Reggio Calabria. The Serraino clan is made up of two groups of brothers, first cousins.
The Camera di Controllo, is a collegial body of the 'Ndrangheta, a Mafia-type organisation in Calabria in Southern Italy. It is also known as La Provincia or Camera di Compensazione. It is composed of leading 'Ndrangheta members to decide on important questions concerning the organization and settling disputes.
Pasquale Tegano is an Italian criminal and a member of the 'Ndrangheta, the Calabrian mafia. He was a wanted figure from 1994 and included in the list of most wanted fugitives in Italy, until his arrest on August 6, 2004.
The First 'Ndrangheta war was an internal struggle in the 'Ndrangheta, a Mafia-type criminal organisation in Calabria. The conflict raged from 1974 to 1977 and resulted in approximately 233 deaths. The war broke the equilibrium in the triumvirate, made up of Antonio Macrì, Domenico Tripodo and Girolamo Piromalli, that had ruled the 'Ndrangheta for 15 years, and facilitated the rise of a new generation 'Ndranghetisti, in particular the De Stefano 'ndrina, who wanted to involve the 'Ndrangheta in new, more lucrative criminal activities.
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