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The Society of Jesus, also known as the Jesuit Order or the Jesuits, is a religious order of clerics regular of pontifical right for men in the Catholic Church headquartered in Rome. It was founded in 1540 by Ignatius of Loyola and six companions, with the approval of Pope Paul III. The society is engaged in evangelization and apostolic ministry in 112 nations. Jesuits work in education, research, and cultural pursuits. Jesuits also conduct retreats, minister in hospitals and parishes, sponsor direct social and humanitarian ministries, and promote ecumenical dialogue.
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The Church's Magisterium asserts that it exercises the authority it holds from Christ to the fullest extent when it defines dogmas, that is, when it proposes, in a form obliging Catholics to an irrevocable adherence of faith, truths contained in divine Revelation or also when it proposes, in a definitive way, truths having a necessary connection with these.
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Dominus ac Redemptor is the papal brief promulgated on 21 July 1773 by which Pope Clement XIV suppressed the Society of Jesus. The Society was restored in 1814 by Pius VII.
The 1769 papal conclave, was convoked after the death of Pope Clement XIII. It elected as his successor Cardinal Lorenzo Ganganelli, who took the name Clement XIV.
Paulo António de Carvalho e Mendonça (1702–1770) was a Portuguese priest and a cardinal, a court official who served as supervisor of the house and properties of Queen Mariana Vítoria, President of the Senate of Lisbon, a Canon of Lisbon Cathedral, Grand Prior of the College of Guimarães and Inquisitor-General of the Holy Inquisition.
References
- ↑ Miller, Samuel J. (1978). Portugal and Rome c. 1748-1830: An Aspect of the Catholic Enlightenment. Rome: Università Gregoriana Editrice. p. 141. ISBN 9788876524646 . Retrieved 23 April 2018.
- ↑ Jedin, Hubert; Dolan, John Patrick, eds. (1981). History of the Church. Vol. VI: The church in the age of absolutism and enlightenment. New York: Crossroad Publishing Company. p. 575. ISBN 9780824500108 . Retrieved 23 April 2018.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain : Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Apostolicum Pascendi Minis". Catholic Encyclopedia . New York: Robert Appleton Company. The entry cites: - Bullarium Romanum (continuatio), III, 38 sqq.;
- Gustave Delacroix de Ravignan, Clement XIII et Clement XIV (Paris, 1854);
- The Jesuits, their foundation and History (London, 1879), II, 21012;
- Clément Villecourt , Vie de Saint Ligouri, II, 179, 180.
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