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Odisha, formerly Orissa, is an Indian state located in Eastern India. It is the eighth-largest state by area, and the eleventh-largest by population, with over 41 million inhabitants. The state also has the third-largest population of Scheduled Tribes in India. It neighbours the states of Jharkhand and West Bengal to the north, Chhattisgarh to the west, and Andhra Pradesh to the south. Odisha has a coastline of 485 kilometres (301 mi) along the Bay of Bengal in the Indian Ocean. The region is also known as Utkaḷa and is mentioned by this name in India's national anthem, Jana Gana Mana. The language of Odisha is Odia, which is one of the Classical languages of India.
Bhubaneswar is the capital and the largest city of the Indian state of Odisha. It is located in the Khordha district. The suburban region, especially the old town, was historically often depicted as Chakra Khetra and Ekamra Khetra. Bhubaneswar is dubbed the "Temple City", a nickname earned because of many temples which are standing there. In contemporary times, the city is a hub of sports, tourism and IT in the country.
The Adivasi are heterogeneous tribal groups across the Indian subcontinent. The term is a Sanskrit word coined in the 1930s by political activists to give the tribal people an indigenous identity by claiming an indigenous origin. The Constitution of India does not use the word Adivasi, instead referring to Scheduled Tribes and Janjati. The government of India does not officially recognise tribes as indigenous people. The country ratified the International Labour Organization (ILO) Convention 107 on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples of the United Nations (1957) and refused to sign the ILO Convention 169. Most of these groups are included in the Scheduled Tribe category under constitutional provisions in India.
Rourkela is a planned city located in the northern district Sundargarh of Odisha, India. It is the third-largest Urban Agglomeration in Odisha after Bhubaneswar and Cuttack. It is situated about 328 kilometres (204 mi) west of state capital Bhubaneswar and is surrounded by a range of hills and encircled by the rivers Koel, Sankha, & Brahmani. The city is also popularly known as Ispat Nagar and Steel City of Odisha as well. One of the largest integrated steel plants set up with German collaboration Known as Rourkela Steel Plant, of Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL). It also has one of the premier national level technical institute known as National Institutes of Technology (NIT Rourkela). Every year, on 3 March Rourkela Day has been celebrated.
The Kharia are an Austroasiatic tribal ethnic group from east-central India. They originally speak the Kharia language, which belong to Austroasiatic languages. They are sub-divided into three groups known as the Hill Kharia, Delki Kharia and the Dudh Kharia. Amongst them, the Dudh Kharia is the most educated community.
Koraput is a town and a Municipality in Koraput district in the Indian state of Odisha. Koraput town is the district headquarter of Koraput district.
Rajgangpur is an industrial town situated in the Sundargarh district of Odisha. It is located about 400 km to the north-west of the capital city, Bhubaneswar. It is located 30 km west of Rourkela. It is accessible by both road and rail. Rajgangpur Railway Station is on Mumbai-Rourkela line. Regular buses are available to Bhubaneswar, Cuttack, Rourkela and Angul. RGP Main Road is the main road of the town. The nearest functional airport is Veer Surendra Sai Airport, Jharsuguda which is approximately 95 km from Rajgangpur. Places of tourist interest in the vicinity of Rajgangpur include Mandira Dam, Chhatri Hill, Darjeeng, Vedvyas and Khandahar.
Dilip Tirkey, is a former captain of the Indian field hockey team, politician and sports administrator. He was awarded Padma Shree in 2004. Currently he is the president of Hockey India.
Tulasi Munda is a social activist from the Indian state of Odisha. She was awarded the Padma Shri in 2001 by Government of India for her contribution to spreading literacy among the impoverished adivasi peoples of Odisha. Munda started an informal school in 1964 in Odisha's iron ore mining area to educate children from local adivasi populations, who would otherwise have ended up as child labour in the mines. She had been a child labourer in the mines of Keonjhar herself.
Followers of Christianity are a significant minority in Odisha state of India. According to the 2011 Census, Christians make up about 2.77% of the population. Kurukh, Sora, Kharia and Panos are notable ethnic groups with a significant Christian population.
Adikanda Mahanta was an Indian folklorist from Chitrada, Odisha. He is one of the pioneer folklorists of Odisha and is well known for his research on folk culture of eastern India.
The 2008 Kandhamal violence refers to widespread violence against Christians purportedly incited by Hindutva organisations in the Kandhamal district of Orissa, India, in August 2008 after the murder of the Hindu monk Lakshmanananda Saraswati. According to government reports the violence resulted in at least 39 Christians killed. Reports indicate that more than 395 churches were razed or burnt down, between 5,600–6,500 houses plundered or burnt down, over 600 villages ransacked and more than 60,000 – 75,000 people left homeless. Other reports put the death toll at nearly 100 and suggested more than 40 women were sexually assaulted. Unofficial reports placed the number of those killed to more than 500. Many Christian families were burnt alive. Thousands of Christians were forced to convert to Hinduism under threat of violence. Many Hindu families were also assaulted in some places because they supported the Indian National Congress (INC) party. This violence was led by the Bajrang Dal, Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh and the VHP.
Droupadi Murmu is an Indian politician who has served as the 15th president of India since 2022. She won the 2022 presidential election as the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) candidate. She is the first person belonging to a tribal community and also the second woman after Pratibha Patil to hold the office. She is also the youngest person to occupy the post and the first president born in independent India.
Uma Charan Mohanty is an Indian meteorologist and an emeritus professor at the School of Earth, Ocean and Climate Sciences of the Indian Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar. He is the president of Odisha Bigyan Academy and is known for his researches on the Indian summer monsoon. Besides being an elected fellow of the Indian Geophysical Union, he is also an elected fellow of all the three major Indian science academies viz. Indian National Science Academy, Indian Academy of Sciences, and the National Academy of Sciences, India. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research, awarded him the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, one of the highest Indian science awards, for his contributions to Earth, Atmosphere, Ocean and Planetary Sciences in 1993.
Kamala Pujari was an Indian tribal woman from Koraput in Odisha, India. She was known for promoting organic farming. Interested in traditional farming, she learned the basic techniques from MS Swaminathan Research Foundation at Jeypore and contributed a lot in the field of organic farming. She was awarded India's fourth highest civilian award, the Padma Shri.
Licypriya Kangujam is a child environmental activist from India. One of the youngest climate activists globally, she addressed world leaders at the 2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Madrid, Spain, asking them to take immediate climate action. Licypriya has been campaigning for climate action in India since 2018, to pass new laws to curb India's high pollution levels, and to make climate-change literacy mandatory in schools. She has been regarded as India's Greta Thunberg, though she does not like the usage of this term.
Sujeet Kumar is an Indian politician of the Bharatiya Janata Party party and a former Member of Lok Sabha, representing Odisha in the Rajya Sabha, from 2020 to 2024. He is also a Lawyer and trained Arbitrator, and practicing in the Supreme Court of India, various High Courts and Tribunals. He also was the Chairman of the Committee on Petitions of Rajya Sabha, one of the youngest ever to chair a Parliamentary Committee. He earlier served as the Advisor, in the rank of Chief Secretary, to the Special Development Council (SDC) of Government of Odisha and as the Special Secretary of Odisha State Planning Board, very senior policy planning positions with Government of Odisha.
The 2021 Simplipal forest fires occurred in the Indian state of Odisha in March and April 2021. The fires have affected the ecologically sensitive Simplipal Biosphere Reserve, and caused widespread damage to the local environment as well as property and livelihoods.
Jacinta Kerketta is an Indian Hindi-language journalist, poet and activist. Her poetry and journalism discusses the Adivasi identity of youth, protests against the systemic oppression of Adivasis in India, gender-based violence, especially against women, displacement and questions the state apathy of governance. Forbes India named her one of India's top 20 Self-Made Women list.
The Vaacha: Museum of Voice is an indigenous museum located in Tejgadh village, Gujarat. The museum is part of a larger initiative called the Adivasi Academy, which is an offshoot of the Bhasha Research and Publication Centre based in Vadodara. The museum aims to preserve Adivasi history and culture which otherwise historically has been undocumented because most indigenous communities do not have a written script and therefore much of their traditions and worldview are at risk of decaying. The present director of the initiative is the visual artist and craft revivalist Madan Meena.
References
- 1 2 Bhattacharya, Amava (2020-08-25). "Tribal communities must be made stakeholders in post-Covid world: Archana Soreng | Bhubaneswar News - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2020-11-18.
- ↑ "Archana Soreng Joins UN Youth Advisory Group On Climate Change". SheThePeople TV. 2020-08-07. Retrieved 2020-08-20.
- ↑ "Activist Archana Soreng in UN Chief's New Youth Advisory Group on Climate Change". The Wire. Retrieved 2020-08-20.
- ↑ Arora, Sumit. "Archana Soreng named by UN chief to new advisory group" . Retrieved 2020-11-18.
- ↑ "Meet Archana Soreng - Indian activist named by UN chief to new advisory group on climate change". Free Press Journal. Retrieved 2020-11-18.
- ↑ "When Adivasis Feel Secure, They Will Be Able To Enjoy Freedom: Climate Activist Archana Soreng". HuffPost India. 2020-08-14. Retrieved 2020-11-18.
- ↑ "Young Indian Activist Archana Soreng Becomes Part of UN Advisory Group on Climate Change". News18. 2020-07-28. Retrieved 2020-11-18.
- 1 2 "Archana Soreng: Warrior For Climate Change". femina.in. Retrieved 2020-08-27.
- ↑ "First Odia Girl to be Named Into New Advisory Group On Climate Change". KalingaTV. 2020-07-29. Retrieved 2020-11-18.
- ↑ "Tribal communities must be made stakeholders in post-Covid world: Archana Soreng | Bhubaneswar News - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2020-08-27.
- ↑ "Indian climate activist Archana Soreng named by UN chief to new advisory group". Hindustan Times . 2020-07-28. Archived from the original on 2022-08-21. Retrieved 2024-10-30.
- ↑ "UN appoints Indian Archana Soreng to Youth Advisory Group on Climate Change - Vatican News". www.vaticannews.va. 2020-07-31. Retrieved 2020-08-27.
- ↑ "Differing worldviews, indigenous people and the front lines of climate action: Reflections from Archana Soreng". The Futures Centre. 2021-11-30. Retrieved 2024-11-23.