Arnold Coster

Last updated June 09, 2019

Arnold Coster (born Arnold Schiedam, 1976, Netherlands) is a Dutch mountaineer.

The Netherlands, sometimes known as Holland, is a country located mainly in Northwestern Europe. The European portion of the Netherlands consists of twelve separate provinces that border Germany to the east, Belgium to the south, and the North Sea to the northwest, with maritime borders in the North Sea with Belgium, Germany and the United Kingdom. Together with three island territories in the Caribbean Sea—Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba—it forms a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The official language is Dutch, but a secondary official language in the province of Friesland is West Frisian.

Dutch people or the Dutch are a Germanic ethnic group native to the Netherlands. They share a common culture and speak the Dutch language. Dutch people and their descendants are found in migrant communities worldwide, notably in Aruba, Suriname, Guyana, Curaçao, Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Australia, South Africa, New Zealand, and the United States. The Low Countries were situated around the border of France and the Holy Roman Empire, forming a part of their respective peripheries, and the various territories of which they consisted had become virtually autonomous by the 13th century. Under the Habsburgs, the Netherlands were organised into a single administrative unit, and in the 16th and 17th centuries the Northern Netherlands gained independence from Spain as the Dutch Republic. The high degree of urbanization characteristic of Dutch society was attained at a relatively early date. During the Republic the first series of large-scale Dutch migrations outside of Europe took place.

Educated as a mechanical engineer, he became intensely involved with climbing at a young age when he started climbing in the Alps. He moved to Nepal in 2003 to follow his passion of mountaineering.^[1]

The Alps are the highest and most extensive mountain range system that lies entirely in Europe, separating Southern from Central and Western Europe and stretching approximately 1,200 kilometres (750 mi) across eight Alpine countries : France, Switzerland, Monaco, Italy, Liechtenstein, Austria, Germany, and Slovenia. The mountains were formed over tens of millions of years as the African and Eurasian tectonic plates collided. Extreme shortening caused by the event resulted in marine sedimentary rocks rising by thrusting and folding into high mountain peaks such as Mont Blanc and the Matterhorn. Mont Blanc spans the French–Italian border, and at 4,810 m (15,781 ft) is the highest mountain in the Alps. The Alpine region area contains about a hundred peaks higher than 4,000 metres (13,000 ft).

Nepal, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is located mainly in the Himalayas, but also includes parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. With an estimated population of 26.4 million, it is 48th largest country by population and 93rd largest country by area. It borders China in the north and India in the south, east, and west while Bangladesh is located within only 27 km (17 mi) of its southeastern tip and Bhutan is separated from it by the Indian state of Sikkim. Nepal has a diverse geography, including fertile plains, subalpine forested hills, and eight of the world's ten tallest mountains, including Mount Everest, the highest point on Earth. Kathmandu is the nation's capital and largest city. Nepal is a multiethnic nation with Nepali as the official language.

Coster has summited 5 of the 14 peaks above 8000m. In 2010 he became the first person from the Netherlands to summit Makalu (8481 m).^[2]

Makalu is the fifth highest mountain in the world at 8,485 metres (27,838 ft). It is located in the Mahalangur Himalayas 19 km (12 mi) southeast of Mount Everest, on the border between Nepal and Tibet Autonomous Region, China. One of the eight-thousanders, Makalu is an isolated peak whose shape is a four-sided pyramid.

He is married to Maya Sherpa, a leading female climber in Nepal. Together they have a daughter named Roos Dawa Coster and live in Kathmandu, Nepal.^{[ citation needed ]}

Kathmandu is the capital city and largest city of Nepal with a population of around 1 million. Kathmandu is also the largest metropolis in the Himalayan hill region. Nepali is the most spoken language in the city.

List of expeditions led by Arnold Coster

Year	Peak	Country	Season	Route
2004	Everest Tibet 8848m	China	Spring	North col Route
2004	Cho Oyu 8201m	China	Autumn	North‐West ridge
2005	Everest Nepal 8848m	Nepal	Spring	South col route
2005	Cho Oyu 8201m	China	Autumn	North‐West ridge
2005	Everest Nepal 8848m	Nepal	Spring	South col route
2005	Mt Kenya, Neillion 5188m	Kenya	Winter	Neillion SW Face
2006	Kilimanjaro 5895m	Tanzania	Winter	Umbwe Route
2006	Shishapangma 8027m	China	Autumn	North ridge
2007	Everest Nepal 8848m	Nepal	Spring	North col Route
2007	Mustagh Ata 7541m	China	Summer	West face "Tashi" route
2007	Cho Oyu 8201m	China	Autumn	North‐West ridge
2008	Everest Nepal 8848m	Nepal	Spring	South col route
2008	Khan Tengri 7010m	Kyrgyzstan	Summer	South Route
2009	Everest Nepal 8848m	Nepal	Spring	North col route
2009	Mustagh Ata 7541m	China	Summer	West face "Tashi" route
2009	Cho Oyu 8201m	China	Autumn	North‐West ridge
2009	Baruntse 7244m	Nepal	Autumn	South Ridge
2010	Makalu 8481m	Nepal	Spring	Makalu La North Face
2011	Everest Tibet 8848m	China	Spring	North col Route
2011	Mustagh Ata 7541m	China	Summer	West face "Tashi" route
2011	Cho Oyu 8201m	China	Autumn	North‐West ridge
2011	Baruntse 7244m	Nepal	Autumn	South Ridge
2012	Mt Kenya, Neillion 5188m	Kenya	Winter	Neillion SW Face
2012	Kilimanjaro 5895m	Tanzania	Summer	Rongai Route
2012	Lothse 8586m	Nepal	Spring	West Face Couloir
2012	Mustagh Ata 7541m	China	Summer	West face "Tashi" route
2012	Dhaulagiri 8167m	Nepal	Autumn	North East Ridge
2012	Aconcagua 6959m	Argentina	Summer	North East Route
2012	Ama Dablam 6856m	Nepal	Autumn	South West Ridge
2013	Everest Tibet 8848m	China	Spring	North col Route
2013	Gasherbrum I 8068m	Pakistan	Summer	Japanese Couloir
2013	Gasherbrum II 8035m	Pakistan	Summer	South West Ridge
2014	Kilimanjaro 5895m	Tanzania	Winter	Lemosho Route
2014	Everest South 8848m	Nepal	Spring	South Col Route
2014	Manaslu 8156m	Nepal	Autumn	North East Face
2015	Everest South 8848m	Nepal	Spring	South Col Route
2015	Stok Kangri 6153m	India	Summer	Normal Route
2015	Kang Yatse II 6200M	India	Summer	NW ridge
2015	Everest South 8848m	Nepal	Spring	South Col Route
2015	Manaslu 8156m	Nepal	Autumn	North East Face
2015	Ama Dablam 6856m	Nepal	Autumn	South West Ridge
2016	Aconcagua	Argentina	Summer	North East Route
2016	Everest 8848m	Nepal	Spring	South Col Route
2016	Manaslu 8163m	Nepal	Autumn	NE- Ridge
2016	Amadablam 6812m	Nepal	Autumn	SW-Ridge
2017	Aconcagua 6962m	Argentina	Summer	Normal
2017	Everest 8848m	China	Spring	NNE- Ridge
2017	Manaslu 8163	Nepal	Autumn	NE-Ridge
2017	Amadablam 6812m	Nepal	Autumn	SW-Ridge
2017	Cholaste 6640m	Nepal	Autumn	SW-Ridge
2018	Carstensz Pyramid 4884m	Indonesis	January	Normal
2018	Everest 8848m	China	Spring	NNE-Ridge
2018	Manaslu 8163	Nepal	Autumn	NE-Ridge
2018	Amadablam 6812m	Nepal	Autumn	SW-Ridge

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References

↑ "De eerste bergbeklimming van Arnold Coster". Bergwijzer (in Dutch). 2012-08-20. Retrieved 2019-01-05.
↑ "Eider - Arnold Coster summited Makalu (8 463 m)". Archived from the original on 2016-08-12. Retrieved 2016-04-05.

Arnold Coster

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References

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