Art Students League of Los Angeles

Last updated
Rex Slinkard arm-wrestling with model Al Treloar at the Art Students League of Los Angeles, c.1912 Art students posing with an artists' model, ca.1912.jpg
Rex Slinkard arm-wrestling with model Al Treloar at the Art Students League of Los Angeles, c.1912

Art Students League of Los Angeles was a modernist painting school that operated in Los Angeles, California from 1906 to 1953.

Contents

Among its students were painters Nicholas P. Brigante, Mabel Alvarez, Herman Cherry, Stanton Macdonald-Wright and Rex Slinkard; illustrators Conrad Buff, Pruett Carter and Paul Sample; architects Harwell Hamilton Harris and Chalfant Head; and artists who worked on Hollywood films, such as Carl Anderson, John Huston and Dorothy Jeakins. [1]

The League had a pattern of hiring its ownmany of its instructors and most of its directors were alumni. It suspended classes during World War II, and had a short-lived revival after the war.

History

The League grew out of the life classes taught by landscape painter Hanson Puthuff in his L.A. studio. [2] Puthuff and Los Angeles Times art critic Antony Anderson co-founded the League on April 18, 1906. The school offered three-day-a-week morning classes for women (taught by Anderson) and three-day-a-week evening classes for men (taught by Puthuff). [2] By December, the League had outgrown Puthuff's studio, and rented space in the Blanchard Music Hall and Art Gallery, at 10th & Figueroa Streets. [2]

"One of the most interesting of the art schools in Los Angeles is the Art Students League. Only a little over a year old, it is still in its beginnings. Yet its growth has been steady, and there can be no doubt, it seems to me, that it will someday be a great power for artistic good in our community." Antony Anderson, The Los Angeles Times [3]

Walter Hedges bought out Puthuff's share in the League in 1907, and became the school's second director. [4] Hedges had been a student of painter Robert Henri, and embraced Henri's philosophy that an artist should paint scenes of contemporary life, capturing its energy through the use of bold color and vigorous brushwork. [2] This was in contrast to the more conservative aesthetic of Puthuff and the California Impressionists. Puthuff and Anderson also had been among the eleven founding members of The Painters' Club of Los Angeles, a group of men artists that met every two weeks in each other's studios. [5] In a diplomatic gesture, Hedges invited the Painters' Club to hold its meetings and exhibitions at the League. The Painters' Club reorganized as the California Art Club in 1909, [6] and (grudgingly) evolved into admitting women. [1]

One of the attractions of the League under Hedges was the regular availability of a nude model for the sketching and painting classes. [2] Hedges hired champion bodybuilder and Los Angeles Athletic Club trainer Al Treloar as one of the models. [4]

Slinkard

Rex Slinkard was an alumnus of the League, [2] and had been the beneficiary of a 1908 League scholarship that enabled him to study under Robert Henri in New York City. [4] Following Hedges's untimely death in January 1910, 23-year-old Slinkard was recruited to be the chief instructor at the League, and soon became the school's director. [4] Carl Sprinchorn, another student of Henri, was hired to teach alongside Slinkard.

"For the present, instructors of the ASL of LA are pupils of Robert Henri of NYand you know what that means! You know, at once, that they are strictly up-to-date in their artistic ideas, that they are the most modern of the moderns, and that they are smashing academic traditions with every vigorous stroke of charcoal stick or paintbrush." Antony Anderson, The Los Angeles Times [7]

Slinkard was a dynamic teacher and extremely popular with the students. [2] He taught at the League for fewer than three years, before "a hasty marriage to his pregnant model" led to his resignation in January 1913. [1] Sprinchorn assumed the directorship following Slinkard's abrupt departure, but himself left after less than a year. [8]

MacDonald-Wright

Following a period of slow decline, [1] the League was re-invigorated in the 1920s under the leadership of Stanton Macdonald-Wright, yet another League alumnus. He moved the school to new quarters at the Lyceum Theatre, and professionalized its curriculum. [2] MacDonald-Wright stayed for nine years, but the school suffered an even greater decline during the Great Depression. Two of his students, James Redmond and Don Totten, attempted to turn things around, but the school was eventually reduced to little more than evening sketch classes. [2]

World War II

Benji Okubo instructing a life class at Heart Mountain Relocation Center, 1943 Heart Mountain Relocation Center, Heart Mountain, Wyoming. Benji Okubo instructing a life class, an . . . - NARA - 539164.jpg
Benji Okubo instructing a life class at Heart Mountain Relocation Center, 1943

Japanese-American students Benji Okubo and Hideo Date sustained the League into 1942, when they were "evacuated" to Heart Mountain Relocation Center in Wyoming. [9] [10] They founded an Art Students League in the internment camp, where Okubo taught until their release in September 1945. [2]

Post-war revival

The Art Students League of Los Angeles was revived after the war under the directorship of alumnus Fred Sexton. He reopened the school in 1949, in the same space at the Lyceum Theatre that had been its home from 1924 to 1942. [4] It was financially unsuccessful, even after he moved classes to his private studio, and the school closed in 1953. [4]

Directors

Notable alumni

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Morgan Russell</span> American artist

Morgan Russell was a modern American artist. With Stanton Macdonald-Wright, he was the founder of Synchromism, a provocative style of abstract painting that dates from 1912 to the 1920s. Russell's "synchromies," which analogized color to music, were an early American contribution to the rise of Modernism.

Frank Joseph Reilly (1906–1967) was an American painter, illustrator, muralist, and teacher. He taught drawing and painting at the Grand Central School of Art, and illustration at Pratt Institute and Moore College of Art. However, he is best known for his twenty-eight years of instructing at the Art Students League of New York and establishing the Frank J. Reilly School of Art in the early 1960s, where he taught until his death in 1967.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dorothy Jeakins</span> American costume designer (1914–1995)

Dorothy Jeakins was an American costume designer.

The California Art Club (CAC) is one of the oldest and most active arts organizations in California. Founded in December 1909, it celebrated its centennial in 2009 and into the spring of 2010. The California Art Club originally evolved out of The Painters Club of Los Angeles, a short-lived group that lasted from 1906–09. The new organization was more inclusive, as it accepted women, sculptors and out-of-state artists.

Henry Lee McFee was a pioneer American cubist painter and a prominent member of the Woodstock artists colony.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Miné Okubo</span> American artist and writer (1912–2001)

Miné Okubo was an American artist and writer. She is best known for her book Citizen 13660, a collection of 198 drawings and accompanying text chronicling her experiences in Japanese American internment camps during World War II.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alexandra Bradshaw</span> Canadian-American painter

Alexandra Bradshaw, also known as Alexandra Bradshaw Hoag, was a Canadian-American watercolor artist and art professor. She studied art in the United States and Paris and became an instructor and head of the Fine Arts department at Fresno State College in California. Her works were exhibited in group and solo exhibitions throughout California and the United States from the 1930s through the 1960s. She married late in life to Clarence Hoag, the founder of Hoag Press in Boston. Their residence in Wakefield, Massachusetts, was Castle Clare and Bradshaw kept her house in South Laguna, California.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Paul Sample (artist)</span> American painter

Paul Starrett Sample was an American artist who portrayed life in New England in the middle of the 20th Century with a style that showed elements of "Social Realism and Regionalism."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fred Sexton</span> American artist (1907–1995)

Fred Sexton was an American artist and creator of the Maltese Falcon statuette prop for the 1941 Warner Bros. film production, The Maltese Falcon.

Amy Londoner was an American painter who exhibited at the 1913 Armory Show. One of the first students of the Henri School of Art in 1909. Prior to the Armory Show of 1913, Amy Londoner and her classmates studied with "Ashcan" painter Robert Henri at the Henri School of Art in New York, N.Y. One notable oil painting, 'The Vase', was painted by both Henri and Londoner.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hideo Date</span> Japanese-American painter

Hideo Date was a Japanese-born American painter active from the 1930s to the 1980s, known for combining elements of Japanese nihonga with American Synchromism. A prominent figure in the Los Angeles art scene prior to World War II, his career was interrupted by the wartime incarceration of Japanese Americans. Although he continued painting for decades after the war, Date's work remained largely ignored until he was rediscovered by a younger generation of artists and curators in the 1990s.

Pruett Carter was an American illustrator who taught at the Grand Central School of Art and the Chouinard Art Institute. He illustrated national magazines, and was art director for Atlanta Journal and Good Housekeeping. Carter was inducted into the Society of Illustrator's Hall of Fame in 1988.

Albert Clinton Conner was an American Impressionist painter who was an integral part of the Richmond Group of painters in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. After moving to California, Conner helped found The Painters' Club of Los Angeles in 1906, which lay the groundwork for the creation of the California Art Club three years later in 1909.

The Painters' Club of Los Angeles was a short-lived arts organization that existed from 1906 to 1909, and allowed only men as members. When the group disbanded a number of artists who had been members reorganized themselves as the California Art Club, including Charles Percy Austin (1883–1948), Franz Bischoff (1864–1929), Carl Oscar Borg (1879–1947), Benjamin Brown (1865–1942), Hanson Puthuff (1875–1972), Jack Wilkinson Smith (1873–1949), and William Wendt (1845–1946). Beginning with its founding in December 1909, the new California Art Club widened its membership guidelines to include female painters and sculptors of any gender.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rex Slinkard</span> American artist (1887–1918)

Rex Rudy Slinkard was an American modernist painter and teacher. He is best remembered for his Symbolist works, most of which were unknown until after his premature death at age 31.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Benji Okubo</span> American-Japanese painter (1904–1975)

Benji Okubo was an American-Japanese oil and watercolor painter, teacher, and landscape designer. He mainly focused on his landscape paintings which he was most accomplished in. He was born and raised in Riverside, California. He was the eldest of the seven children of Tometsugu "Frank" Okubo and Miejoko Kato. Artist Miné Okubo was his sister.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Al Treloar</span>

Al Treloar was an American bodybuilder, athletic trainer, author and artist's model. He won the first international bodybuilding contest in 1904, appeared in early silent films, and toured the United States as a vaudeville performer. He was physical director at the Los Angeles Athletic Club from 1907 to 1949.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Carl Sprinchorn</span> American painter

Carl Sprinchorn (1887–1971) was a Swedish-born American artist who studied under Robert Henri and who adopted a style of realist modernism that admiring critics saw as both abstract and revolutionary. His oil paintings and works on paper showed a wide range of subjects. He made cityscapes and street scenes, seascapes and beach scenes, bucolic landscapes and farm scenes. He drew famous dancers, society figures, and both urban and rural men at work. As one critic put the matter, "He has the rare quality of making whatever subject he essays interesting and unusual, be it bouquets of flowers, riders in six-day bicycle races, Spanish dancers or straight American landscape." He achieved acclaim for pictures he made while living in New York and during extensive travels. In 1918, a critic said his drawings showed the kind of "bold pen outline" and gift for "incisive statement" that could be seen in work by British caricaturist, Thomas Rowlandson. Another critic noted a "sensuous, aristocratic nostalgia" in Sprinchorn's urban scenes, describing them as "delicate, suggestive impressions." Throughout much of his career Sprinchorn's floral paintings in oil, pastel, and watercolor also attracted critical attention. Reviewing watercolors exhibited in 1928, a critic praised a "subtle relation of colors" in a floral work and said that "if colors could sing," these would "chant melodiously." Sprinchorn made extensive visits to camps and hamlets in the North Maine Woods and the paintings and drawings he made there came to be his most celebrated works. Regarding a cluster of posthumous exhibitions held in 2002, a critic wrote, "In Sprinchorn's hands, the Maine woods come alive through the actions of men who are most comfortable among the trees: hunters, trappers, lumberjacks and river drivers, mostly. These large, rugged images are full of earthy colors that recall the blue-chill of winter, the blaze-orange glow of autumn and the shadowy scenes that accompany nighttime campfires..."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gerda Sprinchorn</span> Swedish sculptor (1871–1951)

Gertrud Linnéa Sprinchorn was a Swedish sculptor and ceramist. She is best known for her sculptures Cleopatra and Helig dans, the former of which won her the Royal Medal from the Royal Swedish Academy of Fine Arts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">James Redmond (artist)</span> California painter (1901–1944)

James McKay Redmond was an American painter, muralist, and printmaker active in Los Angeles in the 1920s and 1930s. His prismatic colors and sinuous lines were admired by the critics of his day and his New Deal-era murals are considered particularly fine exemplars of the genre. A leader in the local art community, he succeeded his mentor Stanton MacDonald-Wright as a director of the progressive and influential Art Students League of Los Angeles and steered the organization through the Great Depression. During World War II, he enlisted in the U.S. Army, and landed at Omaha Beach in Normandy, France on D-Day with his battalion of combat engineers. Redmond was killed in action four days before Christmas 1944 during the German counteroffensive into the Ardennes Forest known as the Battle of the Bulge.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Julia Armstrong-Totten, "The Legacy of the Art Student League," in Julia Armstrong-Totten, et al., A Seed of Modernism: The Art Students League of Los Angeles, 19061953, exhibition catalogue, Pasadena Museum of California Art. 2008.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Will South, "The Art Student League of Los Angeles: A Brief History," in Julia Armstrong-Totten, et al., A Seed of Modernism: The Art Students League of Los Angeles, 19061953, exhibition catalogue, Pasadena Museum of California Art. 2008.
  3. Antony Anderson, "Art and Artists," The Los Angeles Times, September 8, 1907.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Phil Kovinick, "The Art Student League of Los Angeles Chronology," in Julia Armstrong-Totten, et al., A Seed of Modernism: The Art Students League of Los Angeles, 19061953, exhibition catalogue, Pasadena Museum of California Art. 2008.
  5. Antony Anderson, "Art and Artists," The Los Angeles Times, March 25, 1906, pp. 2, 5-6.
  6. Antony Anderson, "Art and Artists," The Los Angeles Times, January 29, 1911.
  7. Antony Anderson, "Art and Artists," The Los Angeles Times, [date?] 1910.
  8. Carl Sprinchorn, Biography, at Sprinchorn.com.
  9. Benji Okubo, from Japanese American National Museum.
  10. Hideo Date, from Japanese American National Museum.