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The Interahamwe is a Hutu paramilitary organization active in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda. The Interahamwe was formed around 1990 as the youth wing of the National Republican Movement for Democracy and Development, the then-ruling party of Rwanda, and enjoyed the backing of the Hutu Power government. The Interahamwe, led by Robert Kajuga, were the main perpetrators of the Rwandan genocide, during which an estimated 500,000 to 1,000,000 Tutsi, Twa, and moderate Hutus were killed from April to July 1994, and the term "Interahamwe" was widened to mean any civilian bands killing Tutsi.
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The Gacaca courts were a system of community justice in Rwanda following the 1994 genocide. The term 'gacaca' can be translated as 'short grass' referring to the public space where neighborhood male elders (abagabo) used to meet to solve local problems. The name of this system was then adopted in 2001 as the title of the state's new criminal justice system "Gacaca Courts" to try those deemed responsible for the 1994 Rwandan genocide where over an estimated 500,000 people were killed, tortured and raped. In 1994, the United Nations Security Council created the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda to try high-ranking government and army officials accused of genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. The Gacaca Courts were established in law in 2001, began to operate on a trial basis in 2002 and eventually came to operate as trials throughout the country by early 2007.
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The Kizito Mihigo Peace Foundation, also called KMP Foundation, is a Rwandan non-governmental organization created in 2010 by the Rwandan gospel musician Kizito Mihigo. The foundation's main objective is to promote peace and reconciliation after the 1994 genocide.
Dorothée Munyaneza is a British-Rwandan singer, actress, dancer and choreographer. She has produced two performance pieces, Samedi Détente and Unwanted, both about the Rwandan genocide.
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References
- ↑ http://www.thefreelibrary.com/A+hollow+slogan%3F+'Never+again'+is+not+enough.-a0151047847 [ dead link ]
- ↑ Dembour, Marie-Bénédicte; Kelly, Tobias (18 October 2007). Paths to International Justice: Social and Legal Perspectives. ISBN 9780521882637.
- ↑ Mbabazi, Donah (6 April 2017). "It Is Still Work in Progress for Genocide Widows – Mukabayire". The New Times . Kigali, Rwanda. Archived from the original on 20 February 2022. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
- ↑ Umutesi, Doreen (11 April 2012). "Q&A: Kabasinga: A Survivor Who Now Is Thriving". The New Times . Kigali, Rwanda. Archived from the original on 20 February 2022. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
- ↑ "Visit to the ICTR of Representantatives of Rwandan Survivors". justiceinfo.net. Lausanne, Switzerland: Fondation Hirondelle. 25 June 2007. Archived from the original on 20 February 2022. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
- ↑ "Droits-Rwanda: Les rescapés du génocide seront-ils indemnisés?" [Rights-Rwanda: Will Genocide Survivors Be Compensated?] (in French). Rome, Italy. Inter Press Service. 12 April 2006. Archived from the original on 20 February 2022. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
- ↑ Colson, Marie-Laure (6 May 1996). "Rwanda: des veuves, laissées pour compte. Deux ans après le génocide, leur survie, comme celle des orphelins reste très difficile" [Rwanda: Widows Left behind Two Years after the Genocide, Their Survival, Like That of Orphans, Remains Very Difficult]. Libération (in French). Paris, France. Archived from the original on 20 February 2022. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
