Australian and New Zealand Standard Research Classification

Last updated

The Australian and New Zealand Standard Research Classification (ANZSRC) is a set of three classifications developed by the Australian Bureau of Statistics to measure and analyse of research and development (R&D) undertaken in Australia and New Zealand. It replaced the Australian Standard Research Classification (ASRC) on 31 March 2008. The ANZSRC is released under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia license. [1]

Contents

History

The first ASRC was released in 1993 [2] and was in use until 1998. It comprised three classification schemes; Type of Activity (TOA), Field of Research (FOR) and Socio-Economic Objective (SEO). In 1998, a second ASRC was released [3] with a revised Socio-Economic Objective classification that used a different numbering range, and a Research Field, Course and Discipline (RFCD) classification to replace FORs. This revised classification came into effect in the 2000 collection period, which was due on 31 August 2001. [4] The 2008 standard replaced the RFCD classification with a new 'Field of Research' classification that included approximately 40% more classifiers, [5] using a different numbering scheme to reduce confusion with the 1993 'Field of Research' classification.

Classifications

TOA – R&D activity is categorised according to the type of research effort:

These are derived from the three types of research defined in the Frascati Manual. [6]

Field of Research (FOR) – This classification allows both R&D activity and other activity within the higher education sector to be categorised. Prior to ASRC 1998, this information was collected using a different set of indicators called Field of Research. It was expanded in order that it can be used within the higher education sector to classify courses, units of study and teaching activity to field, and was renamed Research Field, Course and Discipline. The categories in the classification include recognised academic disciplines and related major sub-fields taught at universities or tertiary institutions, major fields of research investigated by national research institutions and organisations, and emerging areas of study. In the 2008 specification, this classification was again revised and its prior name (Field of Research) was again used. The FOR classification can be mapped to the OECD Fields of Science and Technology (FOS) classification in the Frascati Manual. [5] [7]

Socio-Economic Objective (SEO) – This classification allows R&D to be categorised according to the purpose of the R&D as perceived by the researcher. It consists of discrete economic, social, technological or scientific domains for identifying the principal purpose of the R&D. The SEO classification uses a combination of processes, products, health, education and other social and environmental aspects of particular interest.

See also

Related Research Articles

The Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) was a system for classifying industries by a four-digit code as a method of standardizing industry classification for statistical purposes across agencies. Established in the United States in 1937, it is used by government agencies to classify industry areas. Similar SIC systems are also used by agencies in other countries, e.g., by the United Kingdom's Companies House.

Seo or SEO may refer to:

Closing the Gaps was a policy of the Fifth Labour Government of New Zealand for assisting socio-economically disadvantaged Māori and Pasifika ethnic groups in New Zealand through specially targeted social programmes. The phrase "Closing the Gaps" was a slogan of the Labour Party in the 1999 election campaign and was implemented as a policy initiative in the 2000 Budget.

Bloom's taxonomy is a set of three hierarchical models used for classification of educational learning objectives into levels of complexity and specificity. The three lists cover the learning objectives in cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains. The cognitive domain list has been the primary focus of most traditional education and is frequently used to structure curriculum learning objectives, assessments and activities.

The Frascati Manual is a document setting forth the methodology for collecting statistics about research and development. The Manual was prepared and published by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.

The Graduate School and University Center of the City University of New York is a public research institution and postgraduate university in New York City. Formed in 1961 as Division of Graduate Studies at City University of New York, it was renamed to Graduate School and University Center in 1969. Serving as the principal doctorate-granting institution of the City University of New York (CUNY) system, CUNY Graduate Center is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very High Research Activity".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Applied science</span> Practical application of scientific knowledge

Applied science is the application of the scientific method and scientific knowledge to attain practical goals. It includes a broad range of disciplines, such as engineering and medicine. Applied science is often contrasted with basic science, which is focused on advancing scientific theories and laws that explain and predict natural or other phenomena.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ethnobiology</span> Study of how living things are used by human cultures

Ethnobiology is the scientific study of the way living things are treated or used by different human cultures. It studies the dynamic relationships between people, biota, and environments, from the distant past to the immediate present.

The National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova is the central administrative authority which, as the central statistical body, manages and coordinates the activity in the field of statistics from the country.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Australian Bureau of Statistics</span> Australian statistics and census agency

The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) is an Australian Government agency that collects and analyses statistics on economic, population, environmental, and social issues to advise the Australian Government.

Toa or TOA may refer to:

The International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) is a United Nations industry classification system. Wide use has been made of ISIC in classifying data according to kind of economic activity in the fields of employment and health data.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arctic Slope Regional Corporation</span>

Arctic Slope Regional Corporation, or ASRC, is one of 13 Alaska Native Regional Corporations created under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act of 1971 (ANCSA) in settlement of aboriginal land claims. ASRC was incorporated in Alaska on June 22, 1972. Headquartered in Utqiaġvik, Alaska, with administrative offices in Anchorage, ASRC was as of 2017, a for-profit corporation with nearly 11,000 Alaska Native shareholders primarily of Inupiat Eskimo descent.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">R&D intensity</span> Expenditures on a firms research and development divided by its sales

Research and development intensity is generally defined as expenditures by a firm on its research and development (R&D) divided by the firm's sales. There are two types of R&D intensity: direct and indirect. R&D intensity varies, in general, according to a firm's industry sector, product knowledge, manufacturing, and technology, and is a metric that can be used to gauge the level of a company's investment to spur innovation in and through basic and applied research. A further aim of R&D spending, ultimately, is to increase productivity as well as an organization's salable output.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Official statistics</span> Statistics published by government agencies

Official statistics are statistics published by government agencies or other public bodies such as international organizations as a public good. They provide quantitative or qualitative information on all major areas of citizens' lives, such as economic and social development, living conditions, health, education, and the environment.

Excellence in Research for Australia (ERA) is Australia's national research evaluation framework, developed and administered by the Australian Research Council (ARC). The first full round of ERA occurred in 2010, and subsequent rounds followed in 2012, 2015 and 2018. A round was scheduled for 2023, but in September 2022 the ARC announced that this would be postponed as they were transitioning the ERA process to a more robust and data driven model.

European Australians are citizens or residents of Australia whose ancestry originates from the peoples of Europe. They form the largest panethnic group in the country. At the 2021 census, the number of ancestry responses categorised within European ancestral groups as a proportion of the total population amounted to more than 57.2%. It is impossible to quantify the precise proportion of the population with European ancestry. For instance, many census recipients nominated two European ancestries, tending towards an overcount. Conversely, 29.9% of census recipients nominated "Australian" ancestry, tending towards an undercount.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Taxonomy</span> Development of classes and classifications

Taxonomy is a practice and science concerned with classification or categorization. Typically, there are two parts to it: the development of an underlying scheme of classes and the allocation of things to the classes (classification).

Learning development describes work with students and staff to develop academic practices, with a main focus on students developing academic practices in higher education, which assess the progress of knowledge acquired by the means of structural approaches. Learning developers are academic professionals who: teach, advise and facilitate students to develop their academic practices; create academic development learning resources; and reflect on their own academic practices through a community of practice.

This page lists the classifications of scholarship; the classifications, thesauri or maps developed to categorise scholarly research. Classifications have been created by many organisations to classify scholarly research. The kinds of activity covered by these classifications include the research itself, the outputs of the research and funding for the research.

References

  1. ↑ 1297.0 - Australian and New Zealand Standard Research Classification (ANZSRC), 2008
  2. ↑ Ian Castles, Australian Statistician (21 April 1993). "1297.0 - Australian Standard Research Classification (ASRC), 1993". Australian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 5 February 2007.
  3. ↑ T. J. Skinner, Acting Australian Statistician (28 August 1998). "1297.0 - Australian Standard Research Classification (ASRC), 1998". Australian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 5 February 2007.
  4. ↑ "Innovation and Technology Update - Bulletin No. 5". Australian Bureau of Statistics. 16 November 2001. Retrieved 5 February 2007.
  5. 1 2 "Australian and New Zealand Standard Research Classification". Australian Research Council. Archived from the original on 19 April 2013.
  6. ↑ 1377.0 - Measures of a knowledge-based economy and society, Australia, 2003, ABS
  7. ↑ New classification to assist ERA development [ permanent dead link ], Kim Carr, 31 March 2008
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.