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| Autonomous Orthodox Metropolia of North and South America and the British Isles | |
|---|---|
 Official logo of the Metropolia | |
| Type | Eastern Orthodox |
| Orientation | True Orthodox (self-declared) |
| Polity | Episcopal |
The Autonomous Orthodox Metropolia of North and South America and the British Isles is a True Orthodox denomination.
The Metropolia states it is True Orthodox. [1] [2]
The Autonomous Metropolia claims to trace its roots back to a formation of the Patriarch of Moscow in the early 20th century. [3]
The Autonomous Metropolia broke ties with the Moscow Patriarchate and placed itself under the omophorion first of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church[ which? ], [3] then of Archbishop Auxentios of Athens the primate of the True Orthodox Church of Greece . [2] The group then formed an Archdiocese subject to Metropolitan Evlogios of the Holy Synod of Milan. [2]
The Metropolia was granted self-governance by the Holy Synod of Milan by a tomos in 2011, which created the Autonomous Orthodox Metropolia of North and South America and the British Isles. [3] [2] This was followed by an attempt the same year by the Holy Synod of Milan to unite with the Moscow Patriarchate; thus, the Holy Synod of Milan broke communion with the other synods it was then in communion with. [4]
The Metropolia states that it severed communion with the Holy Synod of Milan, because the Holy Synod of Milan "broke communion with her sister churches, over her desire to unite with the World Orthodox Patriarchate of Moscow, which has been condemned by the former Sister Synods in America, Greece, Bulgaria, and Russia. As such, the new Metropolia no longer maintains communion with the 'Milan' Synod of Europe, and considers her sister Church to have fallen away until such time as she repents of her errors". [5]
The Metropolia stated in 2011 that unlike the Holy Synod of Milan, the now independent Metropolia maintained communion with the Church of the Genuine Orthodox Christians of Greece of the Patristic Calendar (an Old Calendarist group), the Old Calendar Bulgarian Orthodox Church, and the Russian True Orthodox Church of Metropolitan Raphael . [6]
The Metropolia is a member of the IUGOC (International Union of Genuine Orthodox Churches). [3]
The Metropolia has a dedicated committee for inter-True Orthodox relations, [1] which namely seeks to initiate dialogue between the bishops of the former Synod in Resistance, and beyond, concerning matters of ecclesiology and grace in mainstream Eastern Orthodoxy. [7]
The First-Hierarch of the Metropolia is Metropolitan John of North and South America. [8]
The Eastern Orthodox Church, simply called the Orthodox Church and officially the Orthodox Catholic Church, is the second-largest Christian church, with approximately 220 million baptised members. It operates as a communion of autocephalous churches, each governed by its bishops via local synods. The church has no central doctrinal or governmental authority analogous to the head of the Catholic Church—the pope, although the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople is recognised by them as primus inter pares. As one of the oldest surviving religious institutions in the world, the Eastern Orthodox Church has played a prominent role in the history and culture of Western Asia, the Caucasus, and Eastern and Southeastern Europe.
The Eastern Orthodox Church, officially the Orthodox Catholic Church, is a communion composed of up to seventeen separate autocephalous (self-governing) hierarchical churches that profess Eastern Orthodoxy and recognise each other as canonical (regular) Eastern Orthodox Christian churches.
The Russian Orthodox Church, alternatively legally known as the Moscow Patriarchate, is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Christian church. It has 194 dioceses inside Russia. The primate of the ROC is the Patriarch of Moscow and all Rus'.
The Orthodox Church in America (OCA) is an Eastern Orthodox Christian church based in North America. While the OCA is in full communion with most Eastern Orthodox churches in the world, the OCA's autocephaly is not fully recognized. The OCA consists of more than 700 parishes, missions, communities, monasteries and institutions in the United States, Canada and Mexico. In 2011, it had an estimated 84,900 members in the United States.
The Orthodox Church in Japan or Orthodox Church of Japan is an autonomous Eastern Orthodox church within the jurisdiction of the Moscow Patriarchate.
Old Calendarists, also known as Old Feasters (palaioeortologitai), Genuine Orthodox Christians or True Orthodox Christians, are traditionalist groups of Eastern Orthodox Christians who separated from mainstream Eastern Orthodox churches because some of the latter adopted the revised Julian calendar while Old Calendarists remained committed to the Julian calendar. Old Calendarists are not in communion with any mainstream Eastern Orthodox churches. "Old Calendarists" is another name for the True Orthodox movement in Romania, Bulgaria, Greece and Cyprus.
The Russian Orthodox Diocese of Sourozh is a diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC), covering the islands of Great Britain and Ireland. Since 28 December 2018, the Diocese of Sourozh is part of the Patriarchal Exarchate in Western Europe.
The Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia, also called Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia or ROCOR, or Russian Orthodox Church Abroad (ROCA), is a semi-autonomous part of the Russian Orthodox Church. Currently, the position of First-Hierarch of the ROCOR is occupied by Metropolitan Nicholas (Olhovsky).
Eastern Orthodoxy in North America represents adherents, religious communities, institutions and organizations of Eastern Orthodox Christianity in North America, including the United States, Canada, Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. Estimates of the number of Eastern Orthodox adherents in North America vary considerably depending on methodology and generally fall in range from 3 million to 6 million.
The timeline of Eastern Orthodoxy in North America represents a timeline of the historical development of religious communities, institutions and organizations of Eastern Orthodox Christianity in North America.
The Estonian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate is a semi-autonomous church in the canonical jurisdiction of the Patriarchate of Moscow whose primate is appointed by the Holy Synod of the latter.
The Holy Synod of Milan is an autocephalous True Orthodox jurisdiction.
The Autonomous Orthodox Metropolis of Ecuador and Latin America is an Old Calendarist jurisdiction which originally comprised the archdiocese in South America and Caribbean of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church in America, subsequently becoming a Metropolis, affiliated to the "Holy Metropolitan Synod of Avlona and Boeotia" in 2010. It is managed by Metropolitan Chrysostom (Celi). It has missions for the area in more than 22 Latin American countries. This is a religious organization recognized by the Ecuadorian government in June 2006. Due to its Old Calendarist status, this jurisdiction is not listed within the diptychs recognized by historical patriarchal sees of the Eastern Orthodox Church, or any church groups in communion with these.
True Orthodox church, True Orthodox Christians, True Orthodoxy or Genuine Orthodoxy, often pejoratively "Zealotry", are groups of traditionalist Eastern Orthodox churches which since the 1920s have severed communion with the mainstream Eastern Orthodox churches for various reasons, such as calendar reform, the involvement of mainstream Eastern Orthodox Churches in ecumenism, or the refusal to submit to the authority of mainstream Eastern Orthodox churches. The True Orthodox church in the Soviet Union was also called the Catacomb Church; the True Orthodox in Romania, Bulgaria, Greece and Cyprus are usually called Old Calendarists.
The Pan-Orthodox Council, officially referred to as the Holy and Great Council of the Orthodox Church, was a synod of set representative bishops of the universally recognised autocephalous local churches of the Eastern Orthodox Church held in Kolymvari, Crete. The Council sat from 19 to 26 June 2016.
A schism between the Russian Orthodox Church and the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople began on 15 October 2018 when the former unilaterally severed full communion with the latter.
In 1996 a schism between Moscow and Constantinople occurred; this schism began on 23 February 1996, when the Russian Orthodox Church severed full communion with the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople, and ended on 16 May 1996 when the Russian Orthodox Church and the Ecumenical Patriarchate reached an agreement.
On 15 October 2018, the Russian Orthodox Church broke the communion with the Ecumenical Patriarchate because of a dispute concerning the canonical jurisdiction over Ukraine. This led to the 2018 Moscow–Constantinople schism. Numerous Orthodox churches took position concerning the dispute over the canonical jurisdiction over Ukraine, whether before or after this schism.
The Department for External Church Relations of the Moscow Patriarchate (DECR) is one of the synodal institutions of the Russian Orthodox Church. It was established on 4 April 1946.
Metropolitan Leonid is a bishop of the Russian Orthodox Church. He holds the title "Metropolitan of Klin". Former Patriarchal Exarch of Africa (2021-2023).
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