Bacterial leaf scorch

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Bacterial leaf scorch
2013-05-04 14 07 38 Large Pin Oak (Quercus palustris) stricken with bacterial leaf scorch during leaf-out near the house at 988 Terrace Boulevard in Ewing, New Jersey.JPG
Large pin oak (Quercus palustris) stricken with bacterial leaf scorch during leaf-out
Common namesBLS
Causal agents Xylella fastidiosa
Hoststrees and crops
Vectors leafhoppers

Bacterial leaf scorch (commonly abbreviated BLS, also called bacterial leaf spot) is a disease state affecting many crops, caused mainly by the xylem-plugging bacterium Xylella fastidiosa . [1] It can be mistaken for ordinary leaf scorch caused by cultural practices such as over-fertilization. [1]

Contents

Hosts

BLS can be found on a wide variety of hosts, ranging from ornamental trees (elm, maple, oak) and shrubs, to crop species including blueberry and almond. [2]

Symptoms

An irregular browning leaf margin which may or may not be bordered by a pale halo. [5]

Pin oak leaves with symptoms of bacterial leaf scorch 2023-08-29 09 38 11 Pin Oak leaves showing symptoms of bacterial leaf scorch along Willis Drive in the Mountainview section of Ewing Township, Mercer County, New Jersey.jpg
Pin oak leaves with symptoms of bacterial leaf scorch

Symptoms re-occur every year, spreading throughout the tree crown, eventually killing the host plant. [5]

Vectors

Xylem-feeding leafhoppers can transmit the disease bacteria. [5] In general, any xylem-feeding insect can transmit the disease. [6]

Treatment

There are no known effective treatments for BLS, consequently, removal of affected plants is recommended. [5]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "Forest Health Protection - Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry". www.fs.usda.gov. Archived from the original on 2019-06-07. Retrieved 2019-06-11.
  2. 1 2 Cavalieri, Vincenzo; Fasanelli, Elisa; Gibin, Davide; Gutierrez Linares, Alicia; La Notte, Pierfederico; Pasinato, Luca; Delbianco, Alice (July 2024). "Update of the Xylella spp. host plant database – Systematic literature search up to 31 December 2023". EFSA Journal. 22 (7). doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8898 . PMC   11247332 .
  3. "Xanthomonas euvesicatoria pv. euvesicatoria (XANTEU)[Overview]| EPPO Global Database". gd.eppo.int. One of the bacteria causing bacterial spot of tomato and pepper, together with Xanthomonas euvesicatoria pv. perforans, Xanthomonas hortorum pv. gardneri, Xanthomonas vesicatoria.
  4. Garita‐Cambronero, Jerson; Palacio‐Bielsa, Ana; Cubero, Jaime (September 2018). "Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni , causal agent of bacterial spot of stone fruits and almond: its genomic and phenotypic characteristics in the X. arboricola species context". Molecular Plant Pathology. 19 (9): 2053–2065. doi:10.1111/mpp.12679. PMC   6638108 .
  5. 1 2 3 4 "BACTERIAL LEAF SCORCH OF SHADE TREES". Archived from the original on 2009-04-16. Retrieved 2009-04-29.
  6. Sicard, Anne; Saponari, Maria; Vanhove, Mathieu; Castillo, Andreina I.; Giampetruzzi, Annalisa; Loconsole, Giuliana; Saldarelli, Pasquale; Boscia, Donato; Neema, Claire; Almeida, Rodrigo P. P. (2021). "Introduction and adaptation of an emerging pathogen to olive trees in Italy". Microbial Genomics. 7 (12): 000735. doi: 10.1099/mgen.0.000735 . ISSN   2057-5858. PMC   8767334 . PMID   34904938.