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Balochistan is a province of Pakistan. Located in the southwestern region of the country, Balochistan is the largest province of Pakistan by land area but is the least populated one. It is bordered by the Pakistani provinces of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the north-east, Punjab to the east and Sindh to the south-east; shares international borders with Iran to the west and Afghanistan to the north; and is bound by the Arabian Sea to the south. Balochistan is an extensive plateau of rough terrain divided into basins by ranges of sufficient heights and ruggedness. It has the world's largest deep sea port, the Port of Gwadar lying in the Arabian Sea.
Brahui is a Dravidian language, spoken by the Brahui and Baloch people, primarily in central areas (Brahuistan) of the Pakistani province of Balochistan; with smaller communities of speakers scattered in parts of Iranian Baluchestan, Afghanistan, and Turkmenistan. It is also spoken by expatriate Brahui communities in Iraq, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates. It is isolated from the nearest Dravidian-speaking neighbouring population of South India by a distance of more than 1,500 kilometres (930 mi). The Kalat, Khuzdar, Mastung, Quetta, Bolan, Nasirabad, Nushki, and Kharan districts of Balochistan Province are predominantly Brahui-speaking.
Balochi is a Northwestern Iranian language, spoken primarily in the Balochistan region of Pakistan, Iran and Afghanistan. In addition, there are speakers in Oman, the Arab states of the Persian Gulf, Turkmenistan, East Africa and in diaspora communities in other parts of the world. The total number of speakers, according to Ethnologue, is 8.8 million. Of these, 6.28 million are in Pakistan.
The Baloch or Baluch are a nomadic, pastoral, ethnic group which speaks the Western Iranic Balochi language and is native to the Balochistan region of South and Western Asia, encompassing the countries of Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan. There are also Baloch diaspora communities in neighbouring regions, including in Central Asia, and the Arabian Peninsula.
Quetta is the capital and largest city of the Pakistani province of Balochistan. It is the ninth largest city in Pakistan, with an estimated population of over 1.5 million in 2024. It is situated in the south-west of the country, lying in a valley surrounded by mountains on all sides. Quetta is at an average elevation of 1,680 metres above sea level, making it Pakistan's highest altitude major city. The city is known as the "Fruit Garden of Pakistan" due to the numerous fruit orchards in and around it and the large variety of fresh and dried fruits produced there.
Quetta is a district in the northwestern part of the Balochistan province of Pakistan. According to 2023 Pakistani census population of Quetta District is 2,272,290.
Khuzdar is a district in the Balochistan province of Pakistan. The city of Khuzdar serves as the district's headquarters.
Turbat is a city in southern Balochistan, Pakistan. It is the administrative centre of Kech District. Situated on the bank of the Kech River, Turbat was the historical capital of the State of Makran. Turbat is the second-largest city in Balochistan after Quetta and the 38th largest city of Pakistan. It is the largest city in the southern part of the province. The Gwadar Port lies 180 kilometres (110 mi) southwest of Turbat.
The University of Balochistan (UoB) also known as Balochistan University, is a public university located in the city center area of Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. UoB is the oldest highest education institution in Balochistan, having been established in 1970.
The Balochistan Liberation Army is a Baloch ethnonationalist militant organization based in the Baluchistan region of Afghanistan. Operating primarily from safe havens scattered across southern Afghanistan, BLA perpetrates attacks in neighboring Pakistan's Balochistan province, which it seeks to remove from Pakistani sovereignty. It frequently targets Pakistan Armed Forces, civilians and foreign nationals.
Quetta Railway Station is the main railway station of Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. It serves as a major station on the Rohri-Chaman Railway Line and as the eastern terminus of the Quetta-Taftan Railway Line.
Munir Ahmed Badini born in 1953) is a Pakistani novelist and writer. The recipient of the Pride of Performance, he primarily writes in Balochi and English languages.
Habib Jalib Baloch was a Supreme Court lawyer and a Baloch nationalist politician who served as a member of the Senate of Pakistan in 1997 and as the secretary general of the Balochistan National Party. In his student days, he served in several leadership positions of the Baloch Students Organization (BSO) as Chairman of BSO and also remained Editor of BSO Organs, i.e.", "Girok, Sangat," and "Bam(1978–82).
Ghulam Hussain Saba Dashtyari commonly known as "Saba Dashtyari", was a professor of Islamic Studies at the University of Balochistan in Quetta, Balochistan.
Faiz Mohammad Faizok, was a Balochi folk musician and folk singer.
Nushki Railway Station is located in Nushki town, Nushki district of Balochistan province of Pakistan.
Mohammad Ishaq PP, popularly known as Atta Shad, was a Pakistani poet, critic, playwright, researcher and intellectual. He wrote poems in Urdu and later in Balochi language. Shad is considered the architect of modern symbolic Balochi poetry. He was awarded the Presidential Pride of Performance in 1983, by the Government of Pakistan.
Balochi cinema refers to the Balochi-language film industry in Pakistan, Iran, and among the Baloch diaspora.
The culture of Balochistan, or simply Baloch culture, is defined in terms of religious values, Balochi and Brahui language, literature and traditional values of mutual respect. It has its roots in the Balochi, Brahui, Sindhi, and Pashto. Folk music, Balochi handicrafts, drama and Balochi cinema play a significant role in Baloch culture. Quetta, the provincial capital of Balochistan, has several historical monuments such as Pirak, the Chaukhandi tombs and the Quaid-e-Azam Residency.
Ghaus Bakhsh Sabir was a Pakistani scholar, author, playwright, and poet. He was associated with Radio Pakistan, Pakistan Television, National Language Authority, and Pakistan Academy of Letters.
References
- 1 2 3 4 Notezai, Muhammad Akbar (2 November 2018). "Situationer: Saving Balochi Academy". DAWN.COM.
- ↑ Correspondent, The Newspaper's Staff (30 October 2020). "Sangat Rafiq elected chairman of Balochi Academy". DAWN.COM.
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