Bank voor Handel en Scheepvaart

Last updated November 03, 2019

Bank voor Handel en Scheepvaart N.V. was a Dutch bank that provided financial services for the House of Orange-Nassau and German industrialist and financier of Adolf Hitler, Fritz Thyssen. It was founded in 1916 by August Thyssen. One of its subsidiaries was the American bank Union Banking Corporation. The funds for Hitler's Brown House were routed through Bank voor Handel en Scheepvaart and Union Banking Corporation.^[1] Thyssen also routed funds meant for South America through Bank voor Handel en Scheepvaart and then Union Banking Corporation. In August 1946, the clandestine Operation Juliana was organised to re-appropriate the Orange-Nassau stock portfolio that had been transferred to Berlin.^[2] Prior to the Second World War, Thyssen used Bank voor Handel en Scheepvaart to route iron imports destined for Vereingte Stahlwerke AG into Germany. The bank was later converted into TBG AG by heir Hans Heinrich Thyssen-Bornemisza.

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The House of Orange-Nassau, a branch of the European House of Nassau, has played a central role in the politics and government of the Netherlands and Europe especially since William the Silent organized the Dutch revolt against Spanish rule, which after the Eighty Years' War (1568–1648) led to an independent Dutch state.

Adolf Hitler was a German politician and leader of the Nazi Party. He rose to power as Chancellor of Germany in 1933, and as Führer in 1934. During his dictatorship from 1933 to 1945, he initiated World War II in Europe by invading Poland on 1 September 1939. He was closely involved in military operations throughout the war and was central to the perpetration of the Holocaust. Hitler's actions and ideology are almost universally regarded as evil. According to historian Ian Kershaw, "Never in history has such ruination—physical and moral—been associated with the name of one man."

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References

↑ Washington, Ben Aris Duncan Campbell in (2004-09-25). "How Bush's grandfather helped Hitler's rise to power". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077 . Retrieved 2019-06-11.
↑ "Operatie Juliana". NRC (in Dutch). Retrieved 2019-06-11.

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[1] Washington, Ben Aris Duncan Campbell in (2004-09-25). "How Bush's grandfather helped Hitler's rise to power". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077 . Retrieved 2019-06-11.

[2] "Operatie Juliana". NRC (in Dutch). Retrieved 2019-06-11.