The Senate of the Republic, or simply the Senate, is the upper house of the bicameral Italian Parliament. The two houses together form a perfect bicameral system, meaning they perform identical functions, but do so separately. Pursuant to the Articles 57, 58, and 59 of the Italian Constitution, the Senate has 200 elective members, of which 196 are elected from Italian constituencies, and 4 from Italian citizens living abroad. Furthermore, there is a small number of senators for life, either appointed or ex officio. It was established in its current form on 8 May 1948, but previously existed during the Kingdom of Italy as Senato del Regno, itself a continuation of the Senato Subalpino of Sardinia established on 8 May 1848. Members of the Senate are styled Senator or The Honourable Senator and they meet at Palazzo Madama, Rome.
Italy has recognised same-sex civil unions since 5 June 2016, providing same-sex couples with almost all of the legal protections enjoyed by opposite-sex married couples. A bill to allow such unions, as well as gender-neutral registered partnerships, was approved by the Senate on 25 February 2016 and the Chamber of Deputies on 11 May and signed into law by the Italian President on 20 May of the same year. The law was published in the official gazette the next day and took effect on 5 June 2016. Before this, several regions had supported a national law on civil unions and some municipalities passed laws providing for civil unions, though the rights conferred by these civil unions varied from place to place.
For the Autonomies is a heterogeneous, mostly centrist, centre-left and regionalist, parliamentary group which has been active, with slightly different names and compositions, in the Italian Senate since 2001.
The 2020 Italian by-elections were called to fill seats in the Parliament that became vacant after the 2018 general elections. In 2020, by-elections were held for the Chamber of Deputies the Senate of the Republic.
Europeanists is a political party in Italy. Amid a government crisis triggered after Matteo Renzi announced that he would revoke Italia Viva's support to the government of Giuseppe Conte, Europeanists formed on 27 January 2021 as a component of a joint parliamentary group in the Italian Senate, with the aim to support Conte's cabinet.
Alternativa is a populist and Eurosceptic political party in Italy. It was established in February 2021 as a parliamentary sub-group of the Mixed Group named L'Alternativa c'è. Its members are former deputies of the Five Star Movement who were expelled from the party for having voted against Mario Draghi's government.
Coraggio Italia is a liberal-conservative political party in Italy, led by Luigi Brugnaro.
Maria Marietta Rizzotti is an Italian Senator from Forza Italia. She represents Piedmont.
Barbara Masini is an Italian politician who served as Senator from Tuscany in the mixed group as part of the More Europe–Action sub-group from 2018 to 2022.
Us of the Centre, is a minor Christian-democratic political party in Italy, based in Campania, where it is known also as Us Campanians. Led by Clemente Mastella, minister of Labour in Berlusconi I Cabinet (1994–1995), minister of Justice in Prodi II Cabinet (2006–2008) and current mayor of Benevento, the party is the successor of the Union of Democrats for Europe (UDEUR).
The 2022 Sicilian regional election for the renewal of the Sicilian Regional Assembly and the election of the President of Sicily were held on 25 September, 2022. Renato Schifani, candidate of the centre-right coalition, easily won the election, becoming the next president of the region.
Giovanna Petrenga is an Italian Senator from Brothers of Italy.
Luca Ciriani is an Italian politician who is the group leader of the Brothers of Italy grouping in the Senate of the Republic.
Davide Faraone is an Italian politician who is the group leader of the Italia Viva grouping in the Senate of the Republic.
Constitution, Environment, Labour, whose full name is United for the Constitution – C.A.L. – Alternative – PC – Italy Again – Project SMART – IdV, is a heterogeneous populist, Eurosceptic, and mainly left-wing parliamentary group active in the Senate of the Republic.
The Legislature XIX of Italian Republic is the current legislature of the Italian Parliament, which started on 13 October 2022.
Gilberto Pichetto Fratin is an Italian politician who is the Minister of the Environment and Energy Security of the Meloni government since 22 October 2022.
Mario Alejandro Borghese is an Italian politician. He is currently serving as a Senator of the Italian Republic after previously serving in the Chamber of Deputies. He represents Italians abroad in South America.
