Baron Montalembert (1795 ship)

Last updated

History
British-Red-Ensign-1707.svgGreat Britain
NameBaron Montalembert
NamesakeJean Charles, baron of Montalembert (1757-1810) [lower-alpha 1]
Launched1784, France
Acquiredcirca 1795 by purchase of a prize
FateWrecked 1802
General characteristics
Tons burthen310, [1] or 314, [1] or 331 [2] (bm)
Armament16 × 6-pounder guns

Baron Montalembert (or Baron Montelambert, or Montlambert, or Montelambert, or other variations) was launched in France in 1784, probably under another name. She was taken in prize, and first appeared in Lloyd's List in 1795, sailing as a West Indiaman. Between 1799 and 1802 she made two voyages from Liverpool as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. She was lost in 1802 during her second voyage transporting enslaved people, together with probably all of the captives she was carrying.

Contents

Career

Lloyd's List reported in October 1795 that Baron Montilambert had arrived at Carthagena from Jamaica. Then it reported that Baron de Monte Lambert, Perry, master, had put into Ilfracombe in distress and would have to unload. She had been on her way from the West Indies to London. [3] From Ilfracombe Montelambert sailed to Belfast. Montelamert, Perry, master, had to cut away her masts in a gale of wind at Belfast. She was on her way from Jamaica to Liverpool. [4] By end-April 1796 she had arrived at Liverpool.

Montalembert first appeared in the 1796 volume of Lloyd's Register (LR). [1]

YearMasterOwnerTradeSource
1796ThomasHodgsonLiverpool–JamaicaLR; large repair 1796

Montalambert appeared in the 1800 volume of the Register of Shipping. [2]

YearMasterOwnerTradeSource
1800T.Jump
Thomas		HodgsonLiverpool–Jamaica
Liverpool–Africa		RS; large repair 1796, and repairs 1799

1st voyage transporting enslaved people (1799–1801): Captain William Thomas sailed from Liverpool on 26 December 1799. [5] In 1799, 156 vessels sailed from Ennglish port, bound for the trade in enslaved people; 134 of these vessels sailed from Liverpool. [6]

Baron Montlambert acquired captives at Cape Mount. On 20 October 1800 she arrived at Suriname with 247 captives. She sailed for Liverpool and arrived at Saint Kitts on 20 January 1801, [5] having suffered damage. She arrived at Liverpool on 14 March. [5] On her way she ran aground on the Hoyle Bank, in Liverpool Bay. [7] She had left Liverpool with 42 crew members and suffered six crew deaths on her voyage. [5]

YearMasterOwnerTradeSource
1802M'CormickHodgsonLiverpool–AfricaRS; large repair 1796, repairs 1799, and large repair 1801

2nd voyage transporting enslaved people (1801–Loss): Captain Alexander Stuart sailed from Liverpool on 12 October 1801. [8] In 1801, 147 vessels sailed from English ports, bound for the trade in ensalved people; 122 of these vessels sailed from Liverpool. [6]

Apparently Captain Stuart was discharged on 5 January 1802. His replacement was Captain William Kermod(e). [9] Baron Montlambert arrived at St Vincent on 13 July 1802. She may have landed 79 captives there. [8]

In August 1802 Lloyd's List reported that Baron Montalambert had arrived at St Vincent from Africa and had sailed for the Bahamas.

Fate

In 1802 Baron Montlambert was wrecked off Crooked Island, Bahamas, with the loss of all on board, including over 300 captives. Reportedly, her captain, first, second, and third officers had all died before she arrived at St Vincent. [lower-alpha 2] She was lost sailing from St Vincent to New Providence. [11]

In 1802, twelve British vessels transporting enslaved people were lost. Five of these were lost while sailing from Africa to the Americas. [12] The loss of Baron Montalembert occurred during the Peace of Amiens. Still, during the period 1793 to 1807, war, rather than maritime hazards or resistance by the captives, was the greatest cause of vessel losses among British vessels transporting enslaved people. [13]

Notes

  1. ↑ The Baron had been born in Nova Scotia. During the British intervention in the Haitian Revolution, he commanded the Legion Britanniques de Sainte-Domingue, a force of 1,200 men comprising white colonials, recruits from Europe, and possibly some free mixed-race Haitians. The unit fought well, but suffered casualties in combat and from disease. It was disbanded in 1797.
  2. ↑ However, William Kermod was captain of Nicholson on voyages transporting captives in 1806 and 1807. [10]

Citations

  1. 1 2 3 "LR (1796), "M" supple pages". hdl:2027/mdp.39015004281229. Archived from the original on 6 February 2023. Retrieved 2 September 2022.
  2. 1 2 "RS (1800), Seq.no.M562". hdl:2027/mdp.39015021233591. Archived from the original on 6 February 2023. Retrieved 2 September 2022.
  3. ↑ "The Marine List". Lloyd's List. No. 2764. 30 October 1795. hdl:2027/hvd.32044105233118.
  4. ↑ "The Marine List". Lloyd's List. No. 2791. 5 February 1796. hdl:2027/hvd.32044105233118.
  5. 1 2 3 4 "Trans Atlantic Slave Trade Database – Baron Montlambert voyage #80436". Archived from the original on 2 September 2022. Retrieved 2 September 2022.
  6. 1 2 Williams (1897), p. 680.
  7. ↑ "The Marine List". Lloyd's List (4132). 10 March 1801.
  8. 1 2 "Trans Atlantic Slave Trade Database – Baron Montlambert voyage #80437". Archived from the original on 2 September 2022. Retrieved 2 September 2022.
  9. ↑ Wilkins (2000), p. 78.
  10. ↑ Wilkins (2000), p. 109.
  11. ↑ "Mails from Saturday to Wednesday". The Newcastle Courant &c. No. 6590. 5 February 1803.
  12. ↑ Inikori (1996), p. 62.
  13. ↑ Inikori (1996), p. 58.

Related Research Articles

Barton was launched in Bermuda, probably in 1799, and built of Bermuda cedar. She first appeared in registers under the Barton name in 1801 as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. The French captured her in 1803 before she had delivered the captives she had purchased for her second voyage. She returned to British ownership but her whereabouts between 1804 and 1810 are obscure. In 1811, she was again captured by a French privateer, which however gave her up. She grounded on 27 April 1819 at the entrance to the Sierra Leone River and was wrecked.

Otter was launched at Liverpool in 1797, initially as a West Indiaman. She made seven voyages as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. During her career she captured one merchantman and recaptured another. She was lost in 1807 on her way back to Britain from her seventh enslaving voyage.

Sarah was launched at Liverpool in 1797. She then made six voyages as a Liverpool-based slave ship in the triangular trade carrying enslaved people from West Africa to the West Indies. A French privateer captured Sarah in 1804 in a single-ship action on her seventh voyage after Sarah had gathered her slaves but before she could deliver them to the West Indies.

Sarah was launched in Spain in 1791, presumably under another name. The British captured her c.1798. She made five voyages as a Liverpool-based slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people before a Spanish privateer captured her in 1805 on her sixth voyage. On her fifth voyage Sarah had captured two French slave ships at Loango.

Byam was a snow launched at Oban, or possibly Padstow, in 1800. She made four voyages as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. The French captured and burnt her in late 1807 or early 1808 as she was about to deliver the captives from her fifth voyage.

Hannah was built in Liverpool in 1795. She made four voyages as a slave ship in the triangular trade of enslaved people. She was lost in 1801 as she was returning home after having delivered her captives on her fourth voyage.

Windsor Castle was launched at Whitby in 1783. Initially she was primarily a West Indiaman. Then from 1797 she made five voyages as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. She foundered off Bermuda in 1803 after having disembarked her captives.

Ariadne was built in 1795 at Newbury, Massachusetts, probably under another name. She in 1801 became a Liverpool-based slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. She made two voyages transporting enslaved people before a French, and later a Dutch privateer, captured her in 1804 while she was acquiring captives on her third voyage. However, a Liverpool-based vessel recaptured her. Then in 1806, a French privateer captured her and took her into Guadeloupe while Ariadne was on her fourth voyage transporting captives.

Aurora was launched at Philadelphia in 1779. She did not appear in British registers until 1800. She then made five voyages from London as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. She was damaged and condemned at Jamaica in 1807 after having landed the captives from her fifth voyage.

Caroline was a ship launched in France in 1792, possibly under another name. She was taken in prize in 1794 and sailed first as a West Indiaman, then as a whaler in the British southern whale fishery, and finally as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. She was lost in 1801, after she had delivered her captives to Kingston, Jamaica on her second voyage from Africa.

Harriot was launched in Liverpool in 1786. For many years she was a West Indiaman, sailing between Liverpool and Barbados. In 1796 a French frigate captured her, but the British Royal Navy quickly recaptured her. She became a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. At the beginning of her of her first slave trading voyage a French privateer captured her, and again the Royal Navy quickly recaptured her. She made five slave trading voyages in all. Thereafter she traded with South America. She was last listed in 1814 with stale data.

Agreeable was launched in 1786 in Liverpool, possibly under another name. Between 1798 and 1802 she made three voyages as a slave ship. A French privateer captured her in 1803 as she was sailing from Africa to the West Indies on her fourth slave trading voyage.

Tamer, was a French prize. She made two complete voyages as a slave ship from 1801 in the triangular trade in enslaved people. She foundered in 1803 off Barbados as she was delivering her captives on her third slave voyage. Before leaving the coast of Angola on this last voyage, she had captured a French slave ship in a sanguinary single ship action. Tamer sailed with her prize, which rescued Tamer's crew and slaves when Tamer foundered. The insurers refused to pay on Tamer's loss, on the grounds that she had deviated from sailing in the most expeditious manner by periodically waiting for her prize to catch up. The court supported the insurers on appeal.

Nimble was built in Folkestone in 1781, possibly under another name. In 1786 Nimble was almost rebuilt and lengthened. Between 1786 and 1798 she made nine voyages as a whaler in the British Southern Whale Fishery. Between 1799 and 1804 she made four voyages from Liverpool as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. On her first voyage as to gather captives she detained a neutral vessel, an action that resulted in a court case. On her second voyage to gather captives, a French privateer captured her, but the Royal Navy recaptured her. She was wrecked in 1804 or so after she had delivered her captives to St Thomas.

Ellis was a French prize, captured in 1797, possibly built that year also. Liverpool merchants purchased her. She made five complete voyages as a slave ship in the triangular trade carrying enslaved people from West Africa to the British West Indies. She was lost at sea on 23 April 1806 on her sixth voyage before she could take on any captives.

Beaver was launched in 1796 at Liverpool. She made seven complete voyages as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved persons. She was captured and retaken once, in 1804, and captured a second time in 1807, during her eighth voyage.

Sir William Douglas was a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people, acquired by British interests in 1801. She made one complete voyage transporting enslaved people and was captured in 1803 after having delivered captives on her second voyage.

Ann was launched at Chester in 1792 as a West Indiaman. From 1796 she made eight complete voyages as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. She participated in several single ship actions. On her first voyage she repelled an attack by a French privateer. On her second a privateer captured her but she was recaptured. On her ninth voyage a French privateer again captured her, but this time her captor plundered and then released her. She sank on 24 May 1810 in the Old Dock at Liverpool, but was salvaged.

Elizabeth was launched at Liverpool in 1798. She made five complete voyages as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. Spanish privateers captured her in 1805 while she was on her sixth voyage after she had embarked enslave people and took her into Montevideo.

Lucy was a Spanish vessel built in 1789, probably under another name. She came into British ownership in 1799. As Lucy, she proceeded to make three complete voyages as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. On the second of these she rather unusually assisted the British commander at Gorée in an operation to destroy a Spanish vessel at Senegal before the French could arm it as a privateer. However, a few days later a slave revolt resulted in the death of Lucy's captain. The French captured Lucy in 1806 on her fourth enslaving voyage as she was approaching the West Indies after she had embarked her captives. The capture involved a single ship action that left most of Lucy's crew dead or wounded. Her captors took Lucy into Guadeloupe, together with her captives.

References

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.