The 2000 United States presidential election was the 54th quadrennial presidential election,held on Tuesday,November 7,2000. The Republican nominee,Governor George W. Bush of Texas,the eldest son of George H. W. Bush,narrowly defeated incumbent Democratic Vice President Al Gore. It was the fourth of five U.S. presidential elections,and the first since 1888,in which the winning candidate lost the popular vote,and is considered one of the closest U.S. presidential elections,with long-standing controversy about the result. Gore conceded the election on December 13 after the Supreme Court issued its decision.
Bush v. Gore,531 U.S. 98 (2000),was a landmark decision of the United States Supreme Court on December 12,2000,that settled a recount dispute in Florida's 2000 presidential election between George W. Bush and Al Gore. On December 8,the Florida Supreme Court had ordered a statewide recount of all undervotes,over 61,000 ballots that the vote tabulation machines had missed. The Bush campaign immediately asked the U.S. Supreme Court to stay the decision and halt the recount. Justice Antonin Scalia,contending that all the manual recounts being performed in Florida's counties were illegitimate,urged his colleagues to grant the stay immediately. On December 9,the five conservative justices on the Court granted the stay,with Scalia citing "irreparable harm" that could befall Bush,as the recounts would cast "a needless and unjustified cloud" over Bush's legitimacy. In dissent,Justice John Paul Stevens wrote that "counting every legally cast vote cannot constitute irreparable harm." Oral arguments were scheduled for December 11.
The 2000 United States presidential election recount in Florida was a period of vote recounting in Florida that occurred during the weeks after Election Day in the 2000 United States presidential election between George W. Bush and Al Gore. The Florida vote was ultimately settled in Bush's favor by a margin of 537 votes out of 5,825,043 cast when the U.S. Supreme Court,in Bush v. Gore,stopped a recount that had been initiated upon a ruling by the Florida Supreme Court. Bush's win in Florida gave him a majority of votes in the Electoral College and victory in the presidential election.
Lawton Mainor Chiles Jr. was an American politician and military officer. A member of the Democratic Party,he served as a United States senator from Florida from 1971 to 1989 and as the 41st governor of Florida from 1991 until his death in 1998.
Carrie Mae Meek was the United States representative for Florida's 17th congressional district,from 1993 to 2003. Having been elected in the September 1992 primary with no general election opponent,she was the first African American since the Reconstruction era elected to represent Florida in the United States Congress,where she advocated for the poor and for members of minority groups. An educator,legislator,stateswoman and a member of the Democratic Party,she served from 1979 to 1982 in the Florida House of Representatives,from 1982 to 1992 in the Florida Senate,and from 1993 to 2003,as a congresswoman in the United States House of Representatives. She was the founder of the Carrie Meek Foundation.
Rodney Warren Smith is an American politician from the U.S. state of Florida. A Democrat,Smith was a member of the Florida Senate from Gainesville from 2001 until 2006. Smith ran for the Democratic nomination for Governor of Florida in the 2006 election but lost to Congressman Jim Davis. In 2010,Smith was the Democratic nominee for Lieutenant Governor of Florida as the running mate of Alex Sink in her campaign for Governor of Florida. From November 2010 through January 2013 Smith served as chairman of the Florida Democratic Party. In 2016,Smith again ran for a seat in the Florida Senate but was ultimately defeated by Keith Perry,a Republican and former state representative.
Scott Charles Maddox is an American politician. He was the mayor of Tallahassee,Florida,from 1995 to 1996 and from 1997 to 2005. Maddox is the former chair of the Florida Democratic Party and a former Tallahassee City Commissioner,serving from 1993 to 1995,1996 to 1997 and from 2012 to 2018.
The Florida Democratic Party is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of Florida,headquartered in Tallahassee. Former commissioner of agriculture Nikki Fried is the current chair.
Craig Waters is a former public information officer and served as the communications director for the Florida Supreme Court in Tallahassee from June 1,1996,to February 28,2022. He worked in the open government and First Amendment rights as a lawyer and governmental official. He was the public spokesman for the Court during the 2000 presidential election controversy and announced lawsuit rulings regarding Florida's vote in the election.
Andrew Demetric Gillum is an American former politician who served as the 126th mayor of Tallahassee,Florida,from 2014 to 2018. A member of the Democratic Party,he served as a Tallahassee city commissioner from 2003 until 2014,first elected at the age of 23.
Gaston Ignacio Cantens is an American politician from Miami,Florida. Described as a "onetime influential member of the Florida House of Representatives",Cantens served on the body from 1998 to 2004,and at one time was considered likely to become its speaker. Cantens is currently a Vice President at Florida Crystals.
Buchanan Ingersoll &Rooney PC is an American law firm and lobbying group based in Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania. The firm has more than 450 lawyers in offices in 15 U.S. cities. As of 2022,Buchanan Ingersoll is the third-largest law firm in Pittsburgh by number of attorneys in its Pittsburgh office.
The 2000 United States Senate election in Florida was held on November 7,2000,on the same date as the U.S. House of Representatives and presidential election. Incumbent Republican Senator Connie Mack III decided to retire instead of seeking a third term. Democrat Bill Nelson won the open seat,even as Republican presidential nominee George W. Bush narrowly triumphed over Al Gore in the state by a mere 537 votes.
Christine Anne Luchok Fallon is an American lawyer. She served as the 16th Reporter of Decisions of the United States Supreme Court. Fallon began her service in 2011 and retired in September 2020. She is the first woman to hold the position.
Michael Christian Góngora is an American politician and lawyer from Miami Beach,Florida who is currently serving his third term as Commissioner of the City of Miami Beach City Commission. Gongora was first elected in 2006 and most recently in 2017. Besides his legal practice,Gongora currently serves as a legal and political analyst and is regularly featured on many Spanish networks including Telemundo,America Teve and Mira TV.
The 2018 Florida gubernatorial election was held on November 6,2018,to elect the next governor of Florida,alongside an election to the United States Senate,elections to the United States House of Representatives and other state and local elections. Incumbent two-term Republican Governor Rick Scott was term-limited and could not run for a third term,and he successfully ran for Florida's Class I Senate seat.
Carlos Genaro Muñiz is the chief justice on the Florida Supreme Court. He was appointed by Governor Ron DeSantis on January 22,2019. Previously,he was general Counsel of the United States Department of Education.
Brenda Calhoun Snipes was an American public official who was the Supervisor of Elections for Broward County,Florida. She was appointed by Governor Jeb Bush in 2003. Snipes was registered as a Democrat.
Allison Tant is an American former lobbyist,Democratic Party of Florida chair,and politician serving as a member of the Florida House of Representatives from the 9th district. She assumed office on November 3,2020.
Edward "Ed" Stafman is an American attorney,rabbi,and former attorney serving as a member of the Montana House of Representatives from the 62nd district. Elected in November 2020,he assumed office on January 4,2021.
United States Navy 
