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Titanium is a chemical element with the symbol Ti and atomic number 22. Found in nature only as an oxide, it can be reduced to produce a lustrous transition metal with a silver color, low density, and high strength, resistant to corrosion in sea water, aqua regia, and chlorine.
Ilmenite is a titanium-iron oxide mineral with the idealized formula FeTiO
3. It is a weakly magnetic black or steel-gray solid. Ilmenite is the most important ore of titanium and the main source of titanium dioxide, which is used in paints, printing inks, fabrics, plastics, paper, sunscreen, food and cosmetics.
Titanium mining in Africa has been beset by environmental problems due to the polluting nature of processing rutile, a principal titanium ore. Titanium production in Africa includes the following principal countries and companies.
Liganga is a site in Njombe Region, Tanzania where iron ore is mined in Liganga mine. It is also rich in both vanadium and titanium.
Atsimo-Andrefana is a region of Madagascar. It borders Menabe in north, Amoron'i Mania and Haute Matsiatra in northeast, Ihorombe and Anosy in east and Androy in southeast. The capital is Toliara and the population was 1,799,088 in 2018. Atsimo Andrefana is geographically the largest of all Malagasy regions with an area of 66,236 km2 (25,574 sq mi).
Richards Bay Minerals (RBM) is a South African mining company. RBM's principal product is titanium dioxide in the form of an 85% pure titanium dioxide slag; the company also produces the higher-purity 95% titanium dioxide product rutile as well as pig iron and zircon.
"Titanium" is a song by French DJ and record producer David Guetta, featuring vocals by Australian singer and songwriter Sia. Taken from Guetta's fifth studio album, Nothing but the Beat, the song was written by Sia, David Guetta, Giorgio Tuinfort and Afrojack. Production was also handled by Guetta, Tuinfort and Afrojack. "Titanium" was initially released for digital download on 8 August 2011, as the first of four promotional singles from the album. It was later released as the album's fourth single in December 2011. The song originally featured the vocals of American recording artist Mary J. Blige, whose version of the song leaked online in July 2011.
The Engebø mine is one of the largest titanium mines in Norway. The mine is located in Sogn og Fjordane. The mine has reserves amounting to 154 million tonnes of ore grading 3.8% titanium.
The Tellnes mine is one of the largest titanium mines in Europe. The mine is located about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) northeast of the Jøssingfjorden in Sokndal municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. The mine has reserves amounting more than 300,000,000 tonnes of ore grading 18% titanium. The deposit of titanium was discovered in 1954 and production at the mine began in October 1960. Each year there is about 2,000,000 tonnes of ore and 1,600,000 tonnes of rock waste removed from the open-pit mine. This resulted in about 580,000 tonnes of ilmenite concentrate from the mine in 1999.
The Rødsand mine is one of the largest titanium mines in Norway. The mine is located in Møre og Romsdal. The mine has reserves amounting to 131 million tonnes of ore grading 4% titanium.
The Engebøfjell mine is one of the largest titanium mines in Norway. The mine is located in Sogn og Fjordane. The mine has reserves amounting to 400 million tonnes of ore grading 4% titanium.
The Cerro Blanco mine is one of the largest titanium mines in Chile. The mine is located in Atacama Region. The mine has reserves amounting to 116 million tonnes of ore grading 2.1% titanium.
The Titan mine is one of the largest titanium mines in Canada. It is located in Ontario, and has reserves amounting to 49 million tonnes of ore grading 14.8% titanium and 0.24% vanadium.
The Koivu mine is one of the largest titanium mines in Finland. The mine is located in Central Ostrobothnia. The mine has reserves amounting to 62.2 million tonnes of ore grading 7.75% titanium.
The Pudozhsky mine is one of the largest titanium mines in Russia. The mine is located in Republic of Karelia. The mine has reserves amounting to 516.7 million tonnes of ore grading 8.1% titanium, 1 million oz of platinum and 2.4 million oz of gold.
The Yugo-Vostochnaya Gremyakha mine is one of the largest titanium mines in Russia. The mine is located in Murmansk Oblast. The mine has reserves amounting to 585.3 million tonnes of ore grading 8.51% titanium.
The Kwale mine is one of the largest titanium mines in Kenya. The mine is located in the Coast Province. The mine has reserves amounting to 140.8 million tonnes of ore grading 6% titanium.
The Bình Thuận mine is a large mine in the south of Vietnam in the Bình Thuận Province. Bình Thuận represents one of the largest nickel reserve in Vietnam having estimated reserves of 520 million tonnes of ore grading 1% nickel. The 520 million tonnes of ore contains 5.2 million tonnes of nickel metal.
The Ranobe mine is one of the largest titanium mines in Madagascar. The mine is located in Melaky. The mine has reserves amounting to 959 million tonnes of ore grading 5.8% titanium.
The Ankililoaka mine is one of the largest, projected titanium mines in Madagascar. The mine is located in Atsimo-Andrefana. The mine has reserves amounting to 368 million tonnes of ore grading 6% titanium.
References
- 1 2 3 "Basibasy mine". worldtitaniumresources.com. 2012. Archived from the original on 2013-07-03. Retrieved 2013-07-28.
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