| Battle of Aghdam | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Byzantine-Sasanian War of 602-628 and the Heraclius Caucasus campaign | |||||||
 Heraclius' Campaigns against the Sassanids | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
| Byzantine empire | Sasanian empire | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Heraclius | Shahin | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 20,000 [a] to 24,000 [b] | 20,000 [1] to 30,000 [2] | ||||||
Battle of Aghdam is battle between Byzantine and Sasanian armies. As a result of the battle, Shahin's army was defeated and Heraclius was able to move against Shahrvaraz's army.
In early April 623, the Byzantines, led by Heraclius, invaded Persarmenia and defeated Khosrow's army at the Battle of Ganzak. After this victory, Heraclius moved into the depths of the Caucasus. In response to the actions of the Byzantine emperor, Khosrow sent three armies to block the actions of Heraclius. The army of Shahrvaraz moved from the Syria, and the army of Shahin moved from Chalcedon. However, the Byzantines managed to successfully retreat to the north, where they stayed for the winter. By the spring of the following year, the army of Heraclius was surrounded by three Persian armies, under the command of Shahin, Shahrvaraz and Shahraplakan. Having selected the best soldiers from his army, he abruptly moved to the west, caught Shahin's army by surprise and defeated it, and then moved to meet Shahrvaraz. [3]
Having defeated Shahin's army, Heraclius moved towards Shahrvaraz and defeated his army at Archesh
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Heraclius was Byzantine emperor from 610 to 641. His rise to power began in 608, when he and his father, Heraclius the Elder, the Exarch of Africa, led a revolt against the unpopular emperor Phocas.
The 620s decade ran from January 1, 620, to December 31, 629.
Year 624 (DCXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 624 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
The Battle of Nineveh was the climactic battle of the Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628.
Khosrow II, commonly known as Khosrow Parviz, is considered to be the last great Sasanian King of Kings (Shahanshah) of Iran, ruling from 590 to 628, with an interruption of one year.
Shahrbaraz, was shah (king) of the Sasanian Empire from 27 April 630 to 9 June 630. He usurped the throne from Ardashir III, and was killed by Iranian nobles after forty days. Before usurping the Sasanian throne he was a spahbed (general) under Khosrow II (590–628). He is furthermore noted for his important role during the climactic Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628, and the events that followed afterwards.
Rhahzadh, originally Roch Vehan, known in Byzantine sources as Rhazates was a Sasanian general of Armenian origin under Shah Khosrow II.
The Roman–Persian Wars, also known as the Roman–Iranian Wars, were a series of conflicts between states of the Greco-Roman world and two successive Iranian empires: the Parthian and the Sasanian. Battles between the Parthian Empire and the Roman Republic began in 54 BC; wars began under the late Republic, and continued through the Roman and Sasanian Empires. A plethora of vassal kingdoms and allied nomadic nations in the form of buffer states and proxies also played a role. The wars were ended by the early Muslim conquests, which led to the fall of the Sasanian Empire and huge territorial losses for the Byzantine Empire, shortly after the end of the last war between them.
Shahen or Shahin was a senior Sasanian general (spahbed) during the reign of Khosrow II (590–628). He was a member of the House of Spandiyadh.
The siege of Constantinople in 626 by the Sassanid Persians and Avars, aided by large numbers of allied Slavs, ended in a strategic victory for the Byzantines. The failure of the siege saved the empire from collapse, and, combined with other victories achieved by Emperor Heraclius the previous year and in 627, enabled Byzantium to regain its territories and end the destructive Roman–Persian Wars by enforcing a treaty with borders status quo c. 590.
The Battle of Antioch took place in 613 outside Antioch, Turkey between a Byzantine army led by Emperor Heraclius and a Persian Sassanid army under Generals (spahbed) Shahin and Shahrbaraz as part of the Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628. The victorious Persians were able to maintain a hold on the recently taken Byzantine territory. The victory paved the way for a further Sasanian advance into the Levant and Anatolia.
In 615, during the Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628 with the Sasanian army under spahbod Shahin invaded Asia Minor and reached Chalcedon, across the Bosporus from Constantinople. It was at this point, according to Sebeos, that Heraclius had agreed to stand down and was about ready to become a client of the Sasanian emperor Khosrow II, allowing the Byzantine Empire to become a client state of the Sasanid Empire, as well as even allow Khosrow II to choose the emperor. The Sassanids had already captured Byzantine Syria and Palestine in the previous year. After negotiations with Byzantine Emperor Heraclius, an ambassador was sent to Sasanian Shahanshah Khosrow II, and Shahin withdrew again to Syria.
The Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628, also called the Last Great War of Antiquity, was fought between the Byzantine Empire and the Sasanian Empire. It was the final and most devastating conflict of the Roman–Persian Wars. The previous war between the two powers had ended in 591 after emperor Maurice helped the Sasanian King Khosrow II regain his throne. In 602, Maurice was murdered by his political rival Phocas. Khosrow declared war, ostensibly to avenge the death of the deposed emperor Maurice. This became a decades-long conflict, the longest war in the series, and was fought throughout the Middle East, the Aegean Sea, and before the walls of Constantinople itself.
Shahraplakan, rendered Sarablangas (Σαραβλαγγᾶς) in Greek sources, was a Sassanid Persian general (spahbed) who participated in the Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628 and the Third Perso-Turkic War.
Theodore was the brother of the Byzantine emperor Heraclius, a curopalates and leading general in Heraclius' wars against the Persians and against the Muslim conquest of the Levant.
The siege of Tbilisi (627-628) was a siege by the Byzantine Empire and Western Turkic Khaganate in 627-628 against Prince Stephen I of Iberia, the Sasanid vassal ruler of Sasanian Iberia.
The Battle of Archesh or Battle of Van Lake was a battle between the Byzantine and Sasanian armies during the Byzantine-Sasanian War of 602-628. The battle was the final event of Heraclius Caucasus campaign, after which the Byzantine army went on the offensive deep into the territory of the Sasanian Empire.
The Battle of Ganzak was a clash between the Byzantine and Sasanian armies. The emperors of both empires personally took part in this battle. The Persians suffered a crushing defeat, and Khosrow fled leaving his army. As a result of this, Heraclius was able to move deeper into Persia.
Heraclius' Caucasus campaign was an invasion of the Byzantine army into the Caucasus, which belonged to the Sassanids at that time, took place in the period from 624 to 625, as a result, the Greeks captured the Transcaucasia.
The Battle of Ophlimus was a clash between the Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius and the Sasanian army under Shahrbarāz, ending in victory for the Byzantines.