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| Battle of Arques | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Franco-Flemish War | |||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||
| County of Flanders | Kingdom of France | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| William of Jülich | Jacques de Bayonne | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 10,000 [1] | 1,600 heavy cavalry [2] Unknown infantry | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| 1,000 killed [3] | 300 killed [3] | ||||||
The Battle of Arques was fought on 4 April 1303 in the French city of Arques between the County of Flanders and the Kingdom of France.
The Battle of the Golden Spurs was an embarrassing defeat for King Philip IV of France that liberated the whole of the county from French occupation. Eager for revenge, King Philip raised a new army under Gaucher de Châtillon, Constable of France, and moved against Flanders. The Flemish under William of Jülich were checking the French troops and both armies met on 30 August 1302, between Arras and Douai. Negotiations were opened and both armies withdrew a few days later without fighting.
In the spring of 1303 the French army moved against Saint-Omer. William of Jülich responded by an attack on the weakly defended city of Arques, killing the French garrison of 60 and burning down the city. De Châtillon hurried to Arques, where the Flemish prepared for battle. As in the Battle of the Golden Spurs, William of Jülich positioned his infantry, mainly from Ypres in a horseshoe shaped formation. For hours, the French tried to break the Flemish formation, but to no avail. Finally the French withdrew to Saint-Omer, leaving 300 dead behind. The Flemish had lost 1,000 killed and did not pursue. The battle was a Flemish victory, as they retained the field. A new French invasion of Flanders had been prevented.
This battle was followed by a Flemish defeat the next year in the north in the Battle of Zierikzee, where the French were supported by the Count of Holland.
The Franciscan Friar of Ghent reported 1,000 Flemish killed, mostly non-combatants. [3] The French Chronicler Guillaume Guiart put the French death toll at 300. [3] These estimates are accepted by Verbruggen. [3] The Flemish death toll varies in the French chronicles. The Chronique Normande gave 2,000 dead, Jean Desnouelles and the Récits d'un bourgeois de Valenciennes 12,000, Guillaume de Franchet 15,000, the Chronique Artésienne 16,000 and the Chronique des Pays-Bas 24,000. [4]
The Battle of Bouvines was fought on 27 July 1214 near the town of Bouvines in the County of Flanders. It was the concluding battle of the Anglo-French War of 1213–1214. Although estimates on the number of troops vary considerably among modern historians, at Bouvines, a French army commanded by King Philip Augustus routed a larger allied army led by Holy Roman Emperor Otto IV in one of the rare pitched battles of the High Middle Ages and one of the most decisive medieval engagements.
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The Battle of the Golden Spurs or 1302 Battle of Courtrai was a military confrontation between the royal army of France and rebellious forces of the County of Flanders on 11 July 1302 during the 1297–1305 Franco-Flemish War. It took place near the town of Kortrijk in modern-day Belgium and resulted in an unexpected victory for the Flemish.
Arques is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in northern France, bordering Saint-Omer.
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The Treaty of Athis-sur-Orge was a peace treaty signed on 23 June 1305 between King Philip IV of France and Robert III of Flanders. The treaty was signed at Athis-sur-Orge after the Battle of Mons-en-Pévèle and concluded the Franco-Flemish War (1297–1305).
Jacques de Châtillon or James of Châtillon was Lord of Leuze, of Condé, of Carency, of Huquoy and of Aubigny, the son of Guy III, Count of Saint-Pol and Matilda of Brabant. He married Catherine of Condé and had issue.
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William of Jülich, called the Younger, was one of the Flemish noblemen that opposed the annexation policies of the French king Philip IV, together with Pieter de Coninck.
John I of Ponthieu was Count of Aumale.
On 23 August 1328, the Battle of Cassel took place near the city of Cassel, 30 km south of Dunkirk in present-day France. Philip VI fought Nicolaas Zannekin, a wealthy farmer from Lampernisse. Zannekin was the leader of a band of Flemish rebels. The fighting erupted over taxation and punitive edicts of the French over the Flemish. The battle was won decisively by the French. Zannekin and about 3,200 Flemish rebels were killed in the battle.
The Franco-Flemish War was a conflict between the Kingdom of France and the County of Flanders between 1297 and 1305.
The siege of Tournai was an event of the Franco-Flemish War in 1303.
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