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The Battle of the Bridge or the Battle of al-Jisr was fought at the bank of the Euphrates river between Arab Muslims led by Abu Ubaid al-Thaqafi, and the Persian Sasanian forces led by Bahman Jaduya. It is traditionally dated to the year 634, and was the only major Sasanian victory over the Rashidun Caliphate army.
Al-Qādisiyyah is a historical city in southern Mesopotamia, southwest of al-Hillah and al-Kūfah in Iraq. It is most famous as the site of the Battle of al-Qādisiyyah in c. 636, in which an Arab Muslim army defeated a larger Sasanian army.
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Hormuzan was a Persian aristocrat who served as the governor of Khuzestan, and was one of the Sasanian military officers at the Battle of al-Qādisiyyah. He was later taken prisoner by the Muslims after the fall of Shushtar in 642. Two years later, he was accused of the assassination of the Rashidun caliph Umar, and was killed by Ubayd Allah, the deceased caliph's son.
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Battle of Buwaib was fought between the Sassanid Empire and the Rashidun Caliphate soon after the Battle of the Bridge.
The Battle of Burs was a minor engagement in 636 AD at Burs or Birs Nimrud, now in central Iraq, during the Muslim conquest of the Sassanid Empire. The Rāshidūn commander, Zuhra ibn al-Ḥawiyya, defeated Busbuhra, the Sassanid commander of the town, in single combat, and the garrison offered little further resistance.
The Sassanid Empire or Sassanian Dynasty is the name used for the Persian dynasty which lasted from 224 to 651 AD.
The siege of Ctesiphon took place from January to March, 637 between the forces of Sasanian Empire and Rashidun Caliphate. Ctesiphon, located on the eastern bank of the Tigris, was one of the great cities of Persia, the imperial capital of the Parthian and Sassanid Empires. The Muslims managed to capture Ctesiphon ending the Persian rule over Mesopotamia.
Battle of Babylon was fought between the forces of Sasanian Empire and Rashidun Caliphate in 634. Muslim Arabs won the encounter to maintain their pursuit of conquering Mesopotamia. After this battle, the Arabs would go on to conquer Ctesiphon and the rest of Iraq from the Persians.
References
- 1 2 عبد العزيز بن عبد الله الحميدي (2005). الخلفاء الراشدون مواقف وعبر (in Arabic). دار الدعوة. pp. 471–472.
- ↑ سامي عبدالله أحمد المغلوث (2010). أطلس الفتوحات الاسلامية في عهد الخلفاء الراشدين (in Arabic). مكتبة العبيكان. p. 204.