Battle of Crevola

Last updated
Battle of Crevola
Part of the Transalpine campaigns
LuzSchiCrev.jpg
The battle of Crevola in the Luzerner Schilling
DateApril 28, 1487 [1]
Location
Result Milanese victory [2] [3] [4]
Belligerents
Flag of the Duchy of Milan (1450).svg Duchy of Milan [2] Old Swiss Confederacy: [3]
Flag of Canton of Valais.svg Valais
Flag of Canton of Lucerne.svg Lucerne
Commanders and leaders
Renato Trivulzio
Giberto Borromeo
Giampietro Bergamino
[5] [6]
Jost von Silenen
Albin von Silenen  (POW)
[4] [7] [8]
Strength
1,200 Cavalry [9] [10]
2,000 Infantry [9] [10]
total of 3,500 troops [11]
6,000 Infantry [9] [11]
1,000 Swiss joined from
the Saluzzo Campaign
Casualties and losses
Unknown 800-1000 killed
[3] [9] [10] [12]

The Battle of Crevola was fought in the spring of 1487, between a marauding Swiss army from the Valais and Lucerne [2] [12] and troops from the Duchy of Milan, [2] for the supremacy of the Val d'Ossola (Eschental) .

Contents

Prelude

In the year 1487, for unknown but petty reasons, Bishop Jost von Silenen entered into dispute with the Count of Arona, [3] whose seignory was the Duke of Milan. [13] The Knight Albin von Silenen, brother of Bishop Jost von Silenen, was appointed the leader of this military expedition. [8] As soon as the Simplon pass was passable, the Swiss crossed into the Val d'Ossola; here they were joined by another 1,000 Swiss, who were returning from Savoy. [9]

Battle

The Swiss besieged Domo, occupied the castle of Mattarella, and terribly ravaged the impoverished valleys. [2] The Duke of Milan, however, ordered the Ossolani to keep the Swiss inactive with false peace negotiations, until the duchy could dispatch a sufficient army. [13] Once the troops were assembled, they were split into three separate corps under the command of Renato Trivulzio, Count Borromeo, and Gio. Pietro Bergamino. [5] The Swiss were once again marauding in the villages of the Valle Vigezzo, when they were assaulted by the Milanese troops from three sides. [13] The Swiss formed a square and a murderous combat ensued, in which the Swiss lost 800-1000 men and all their baggage. [9] [5] The rest of the Swiss troops were allowed to flee into the impassable mountain range. [12] The corpses of the dead Swiss were desecrated by the local peasants: the heads and fingers were cut off, the heads put on pikes and the fingers used as hat decorations. [9]

Aftermath

Further bloodshed was however prevented, when a legation of the Old Swiss Confederacy negotiated a peace treaty with the Duchy of Milan on July 23, 1487. [2] [12] At ponte di Crevola, the Ossolani dedicated an Oratory to Martyr Saint Vitalis in honour and remembrance of this victorious battle. [5]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Philipp Emanuel von Fellenberg</span> Swiss educationalist and agronomist

Philipp Emanuel von Fellenberg was a Swiss educationalist and agronomist.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Karl Ludwig von Haller</span> Swiss jurist (1768–1854)

Karl Ludwig von Haller was a Swiss jurist, statesman and political philosopher. He was the author of Restauration der Staatswissenschaft, a book which gave its namesake to the Restoration period after the Congress of Vienna, and which Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel strongly criticized in §258 of Elements of the Philosophy of Right.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Name of Switzerland</span>

The English name of Switzerland is a compound containing Switzer, an obsolete term for the Swiss, which was in use during the 16th to 19th centuries. The English adjective Swiss is a loan from French Suisse, also in use since the 16th century.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Franz Bucher</span> Swiss artist

Franz Bucher is a Swiss artist. He has produced paintings, drawings, woodcuts, etchings, sculptural objects, reliefs, murals, and stained glass.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rüti Monastery</span>

Rüti Monastery was a former Premonstratensian monastery, founded in 1206 and suppressed in 1525 on occasion of the Reformation in Zürich, situated in the municipality of Rüti in the canton of Zürich, Switzerland. The monastery's church was the final resting place of the Counts of Toggenburg, among them Count Friedrich VII and 13 other members of the Toggenburg family, and other noble families. Between 1206 and 1525, the monastery comprised 14 incorporated churches and the owner of extensive lands and estates at 185 localities.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Albrecht von Bonstetten</span>

Albrecht von Bonstetten was a Swiss humanist of the later 15th century. A member of the baronial von Bonstetten family, he entered Einsiedeln Abbey at a young age, and after studies in Fribourg and Basel he returned to Einsiedeln and was made deacon in 1469. He studied canon law at Pavia and was ordained a priest in 1474, and he received the title of doctor utriusque iuris from Emperor Maximilian in 1498. He published a biography on Nicholas of Flüe called Historia fratris Nicholai in 1479.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Franz Rudolf Frisching</span>

Franz Rudolf Frisching (1733–1807) was a Bernese patrician, officer, politician and industrialist.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Transalpine campaigns of the Old Swiss Confederacy</span> 15/16th-century military campaigns by the Old Swiss Confederacy to expand south of the Alps

The transalpine campaigns of the Old Swiss Confederacy were military expeditions which resulted in the conquest of territories south of the Alps, corresponding more or less to the modern canton of Ticino, on the part of the Old Swiss Confederacy in the 15th and 16th centuries. These territories were known as ennetbirgische Vogteien or "transmontane bailiwicks".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Casimir Pfyffer</span>

Casimir Pfyffer von Altishofen was a Swiss politician and jurist. He was mayor of Lucerne (1832–1835), President of the Swiss National Council (1854/1855) and five times President of the Federal Supreme Court.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Theophil Spoerri</span>

Theophil Spoerri, was a Swiss writer and academic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Münsterbrücke, Zürich</span> Bridge in Zürich, Switzerland

Münsterbrücke is a pedestrian and road bridge over the Limmat in the city of Zürich, Switzerland. It is listed in the Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance. It is indirectly named after two Münster (minsters), the Fraumünster and Grossmünster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elisabeth von Matsch</span>

Elisabeth von Matsch was the last countess of the Swiss noble House of Toggenburg from 1436. She was the spouse of Friedrich VII, count of Toggenburg.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Second Battle of Ulrichen</span>

The Second Battle of Ulrichen was a battle fought in 1419 between the Old Swiss Confederacy led by Bern and rebels from Valais near Ulrichen in the district of Goms in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. Negotiations after the battle led to the end of the Raron affair and self-determination for Valais.

Monika Dettwiler is a Swiss-Italian journalist and author.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bernese Jura Railway</span> Swiss rail company

The Bernese Jura Railway was a railway company in Switzerland. The company was called the Jura–Bern–Luzern from 1 July 1884. The Jura–Bern–Lucerne merged with the Western Switzerland–Simplon Railways to form the Jura–Simplon Railway (Jura-Simplon-Bahn), JS) on 1 January 1890.

The Bern-Lucerne Railway was a railway company in Switzerland, which opened the Langnau–Lucerne line, now part of the Bern–Lucerne railway, on 1 August 1875. It was taken over by the Jura–Simplon Railways on 1 January 1890.

Albert Steck was a Swiss politician and co-founder of the Social Democratic Party of Switzerland.

Rea Brändle was a Swiss journalist and writer.

Cäsar von Arx was a Swiss theatre producer and dramatist.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Schaffhausen massacre</span>

The Schaffhausen massacre was an anti-Semitic episode in Schaffhausen, in present-day Switzerland, which occurred in 1401. An episode of antisemitism had already occurred in Schaffhausen 52 years prior, when the local Jews were accused of well poisoning and burned alive on 22 February 1349. On this occasion, the Jews were accused of the murder of a four-year-old boy, Konrad Lori from Diessenhofen. "Confessions" were obtained from them under torture, and on 25 June 1401 they were executed by burning.

References

  1. Historischer Verein der fünf Orte Luzern, Uri, Schwyz, Unterwalden & Zug (1838). Der Geschichtsfreund: 16.Band/Vol.14-15. Einsiedeln.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Iselin, Jacob Cristof (1742). Neu-vermehrtes historisch- und geographisches allgemeines Lexicon, Volume 3. Basel.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Vögelin, Johann Konrad (1855). Geschichte der Schwizerischen Eidsgenossenschaft: Vol I-II. Zürich.
  4. 1 2 Historischer Verein des Kantons Bern (1926). Archiv des Historischen Vereins des Kantons Bern. Bern.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Bianchini, Francesco (1828). Le cose rimarchevoli della città di Novara: precedute da compendio storico. Novara.
  6. Ehrenzeller, Wilhelm (1913). Die Feldzüge der Walliser und Eidgenossen ins Eschental und der Wallishandel, 1484-1494. Zürich.
  7. Fink, Urban (2006). Hirtenstab und Hellebarde. Zürich.
  8. 1 2 Büchi, Albert (1923). Kardinal Matthäus Schiner als Staatsmann und Kirchenfürst: Vol.1. Zürich.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Furrer, Sigismund (1850). Geschichte von Wallis. Sitten.
  10. 1 2 3 Rudolf, J. M. (1847). Die Kriegsgeschichte der Schweizer. Baden.
  11. 1 2 Società storica lombarda (1889). Archivio storico lombardo: Giornale della Società storica lombarda, Volume 16. Milan.
  12. 1 2 3 4 Fäsi, Johann Conrad (1768). Staats- Und Erd-Beschreibung, Vierter Band. Zürich.
  13. 1 2 3 Pfyffer, Kasimir (1850). Geschichte der stadt und des kantons Luzern, Part 1. Zürich.