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| Battle of Orneae | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Peloponnesian War | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
| Orneae | Argos Athens | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| Unknown | 1,200 Hoplites 40 Triremes | ||||||
The Battle of Orneae was an engagement that took place in the winter of 417 BC during the Peloponnesian War in the city of Orneae, between a Spartan garrison left in Orneae after the Battle of Hysiae and the forces of Argos and Athens.
After the decisive defeat of Argos at Hysiae and the razing of the stronghold, the Spartan forces took the city of Orneae, fortified it, and settled the exiles from Argos in the city. [1] The stronghold was left with a strong garrison that they then ordered to harass Argolis. [2]
After the withdrawal of the Spartan army, the Athenians sent a force of 40 triremes and 1,200 hoplites to aid the city of Argos in expelling the garrison and taking the city. [3]
The Argive/Athenian army then took Orneae by storm, both taking the city and being able to expel the garrison, and execute some of the exiles. The rest were driven out from the city of Orneae. [4]
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Hysiae or Hysiai, also Hysia (Ὑσία), was a garrison town of ancient Argolis, also called the Argeia, Southern Greece during the archaic period. It was located to the southwest of Argos and east of Tegea, on the road between them, at the foot of Mount Parthenium, not far from the Argive border with Laconia. In c. 669 BCE, the First Battle of Hysiae was fought between the Spartans and the Argives, who won to repulse a Spartan invasion of Argolis. It appears to have been destroyed by the Argives, along with Tiryns, Mycenae, and the other towns in the Argeia, after the Greco-Persian Wars; but it was afterwards restored, and was occupied by the Argives in the Peloponnesian War as a frontier-fortress. During the Peloponnesian War, in 417 BCE, the Second Battle of Hysiae was fought, again between the Spartans and the Argives, and resulted in a decisive Spartan victory. The Spartans captured Hysiae and destroyed it; all captured male citizens were executed.
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they settled the exiles from Argos in Orneae; this place they fortified as a stronghold against Argolis
and leaving in it a strong garrison, they ordered it to harass the Argives.
But when the Lacedaemonians had withdrawn from Argolis, the Athenians dispatched to the Argives a supporting force of forty triremes and twelve hundred hoplites.
The Argives then advanced against Orneae together with the Athenians and took the city by storm, and of the garrison and exiles some they put to death and others they expelled from Orneae.
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