Battle of Stok

Last updated March 13, 2019

The Battle of Stok, one of many skirmishes of the January Uprising, took place in the night of May 4/5, 1863, near the village of Stok, which at that time belonged to Russian-controlled Congress Poland. A Polish insurgent party under Ignacy Mystkowski ambushed here a detachment of the Imperial Russian Army. The battle is regarded as one of the biggest Polish victories of the uprising.

The January Uprising was an insurrection instigated principally in the Russian Partition of the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth against its occupation by the Russian Empire. It began on January 22, 1863 spread to the other Partitions of Poland and continued until the last insurgents were captured in 1864.

Stok is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ostrów Mazowiecka, within Ostrów Mazowiecka County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) north-west of Ostrów Mazowiecka and 90 km (56 mi) north-east of Warsaw.

The Kingdom of Poland, informally known as Congress Poland or Russian Poland, was created in 1815 by the Congress of Vienna as a sovereign state of the Russian partition of Poland. Connected until 1832 by personal union with the Russian Empire under the Constitution of the Kingdom of Poland, it was gradually thereafter integrated politically into Russia over the course of the 19th century, made an official part of the Russian Empire in 1867, and finally replaced during World War I by the Central Powers in 1915 with the nominal Regency Kingdom of Poland.

Russian column was commanded by Polish born officer, Konstanty Rynarzewski, who after the battle joined the insurgents. Poles captured a number of prisoners, weapons and equipment. The battle was presented in Juliusz Machulski’s historical film Szwadron (1993).

Juliusz Machulski is a Polish film director and screenplay writer. Son of noted actor Jan Machulski, Juliusz became notable for his comedies ridiculing the life in communist-ruled Poland of the 1970s and 1980s.

Szwadron is a Polish historical film directed by Juliusz Machulski. It was released in 1993. The film was selected as the Polish entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 66th Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee.

Sources

Stefan Kieniewicz: Powstanie styczniowe. Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 1983. ISBN 83-01-03652-4.

Stefan Kieniewicz was a Polish historian and university professor, notable for his works on 19th century history of Poland. During his work at various universities he became the tutor of several generations of Polish historians and his views on the last two centuries of Poland's history remain influential in modern scholarly works.

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