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The Old Red Sandstone is an assemblage of rocks in the North Atlantic region largely of Devonian age. It extends in the east across Great Britain, Ireland and Norway, and in the west along the northeastern seaboard of North America. It also extends northwards into Greenland and Svalbard. These areas were a part of the ancient continent of Euramerica/Laurussia. In Britain it is a lithostratigraphic unit to which stratigraphers accord supergroup status and which is of considerable importance to early paleontology. For convenience the short version of the term, ORS is often used in literature on the subject. The term was coined to distinguish the sequence from the younger New Red Sandstone which also occurs widely throughout Britain.
The Cwmystwyth Grits Group is a Silurian lithostratigraphic group in mid Wales. The name is derived from the village of Cwmystwyth near Devil's Bridge in Ceredigion. The Group comprises the Blaen Myherin Mudstones Formation, the Glanyrafon Formation, the Caerau Mudstones Formation, the Rhuddnant Grits Formation and the Pysgotwr Grits Formation.
The Pebidian Supergroup is an Ediacaran lithostratigraphic supergroup in Pembrokeshire, west Wales. The term 'Pebidian' was coined by geologist Henry Hicks in 1876 and published in a scientific paper in the Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society in the following year. It was named for Pebidiauc, an ancient local name for the St Davids area.
The Fishguard Volcanic Group is an Ordovician lithostratigraphic group in west Wales. The name is derived from the town of Fishguard in Pembrokeshire. This assemblage of rocks has also been referred to as the Fishguard Volcanic Series or Fishguard Volcanic Complex. These rocks are believed to be the source of the 'bluestones' which form a part of the well-known prehistoric monument of Stonehenge in southern England.
The Llanbedrog Volcanic Group is an Ordovician lithostratigraphic group in northwest Wales. The name is derived from the village of Llanbedrog on the Llyn Peninsula where the strata are exposed.
The Snowdon Volcanic Group is an Ordovician lithostratigraphic group in Snowdonia, north-west Wales. The name is derived from Snowdon, the highest peak in Wales where it outcrops. This assemblage of rocks has also been referred to as the Snowdon Volcanic Series.
The Llewelyn Volcanic Group is an Ordovician lithostratigraphic group in Snowdonia, north-west Wales. The name is derived from Carnedd Llewelyn, the highest peak in the Carneddau range where it outcrops.
The Sherwood Sandstone Group is a Triassic lithostratigraphic group which is widespread in Britain, especially in the English Midlands. The name is derived from Sherwood Forest in Nottinghamshire which is underlain by rocks of this age. It has economic importance as the reservoir of the Morecambe Bay gas field, the second largest gas field in the UK.
The Cumbrian Coast Group is a Permian lithostratigraphic group which occurs in the western part of Cumbria in northern England.
The Penarth Group is a Rhaetian age (Triassic) lithostratigraphic group which is widespread in Britain. It is named from the seaside town of Penarth near Cardiff in south Wales where strata of this age are exposed in coastal cliffs southwards to Lavernock Point. This sequence of rocks was previously known as the Rhaetic or Rhaetic Beds.
The Ravenscar Group is a Jurassic lithostratigraphic group which occurs within the Cleveland Basin of North Yorkshire and extends to both the Hambleton and Howardian Hills. The name is derived from Ravenscar on the North Yorkshire coast where rocks of this age occur. It was earlier known as the 'Middle Jurassic Series'. It is the stratigraphic equivalent to the Inferior Oolite Group and most of the Great Oolite Group, being overlain by the Cornbrash Formation of the latter unit.
The Gwna Group is a late Precambrian (Ediacaran) / Cambrian lithostratigraphic group in northwest Wales. The name is derived from the Afon Gwna, a river near Bodorgan on Anglesey where the strata are exposed. This rock sequence is also commonly referred to as the Gwna Mélange.
The Solva Group is a Cambrian lithostratigraphic group in west Wales. The name is derived from Solva on the west coast of Pembrokeshire where the strata are well exposed in coastal cliffs. This rock succession was formerly known as the Solva Series and ascribed to the British regional stratigraphic unit ‘’St David’s Epoch’’, though these terms are now obsolete.
The Caerfai Group is a Cambrian lithostratigraphic group in west Wales. The name is derived from Caerfai Bay on the north coast of St Brides Bay on the Pembrokeshire coast where the strata are well exposed in coastal cliffs. This rock succession has previously been known variously as the Caerfai Series, Caerfai Formation and Caerfai Beds and largely ascribed to the British regional stratigraphic unit Comley Epoch, though these terms are now obsolete.
The Menevian Group is a Cambrian lithostratigraphic group in west Wales. The name is derived from Menevia, the Roman name for the St Davids area north of St Brides Bay on Pembrokeshire’s west coast where the strata are well exposed in coastal cliffs. This rock succession has previously been known variously as the Menevian Series and Menevian Beds and largely ascribed to the British regional stratigraphic unit St David’s Epoch, though these terms are now obsolete.
The Cosheston Group is an early Devonian lithostratigraphic group in west Wales. The name is derived from the village of Cosheston in south Pembrokeshire. The Group comprises the Llanstadwell, Burton Cliff, Mill Bay, Lawrenny Cliff and New Shipping formations. The strata are exposed in the Milford Haven area of southern Pembrokeshire where several partial type sections are defined. The outcrop extends around the northern and southern shores of the Haven. It is bounded to the north by the Benton Fault between the villages of Rosemarket and Lawrenny, and extends east to New Shipping and west almost to the town of Milford Haven itself. The rocks of this group have also previously been known as the Cosheston Beds.
The Milford Haven Group is a late Silurian to early Devonian lithostratigraphic group in west Wales. The name is derived from the estuary and town of Milford Haven in south Pembrokeshire. The Group comprises calcareous marls with occasional sandstones along with conglomerates and breccias.
The Exmoor Group is a late Devonian to early Carboniferous lithostratigraphic group in southwest England whose outcrop extends from Croyde in north Devon east across Exmoor to Minehead in west Somerset. The group comprises the following formations the:
This article describes the geology of the Broads, an area of East Anglia in eastern England characterised by rivers, marshes and shallow lakes (‘broads’). The Broads is designated as a protected landscape with ‘status equivalent to a national park’.
The Skomer Volcanic Group is a Silurian lithostratigraphic group in Pembrokeshire, Wales. The name is derived from the island of Skomer off the west coast of Pembrokeshire. It was traditionally known as the Skomer Volcanic Series. The rocks are exposed across the island of Skomer and along the northern half of the nearby Marloes peninsula as far east as St Ishmaels.
References
- ↑ British Geological Survey 1:50,000 scale geological map (England & Wales) sheet 228 Haverfordwest
- ↑ British Geological Survey 1:50,000 scale geological map (England & Wales) sheet 226/227 Milford
- ↑ https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/Lexicon/lexicon.cfm?pub=PBV (BGS on-line lexicon of rock units)