Bertrand, Count of Toulouse

Last updated
Fakhr al-Mulk ibn Ammar submitting to Bertrand of Toulouse, 1842 painting by Charles-Alexandre Debacq Bertrand de Saint-Gilles Debacq Alexandre-Charles (1804-1850).jpg
Fakhr al-Mulk ibn Ammar submitting to Bertrand of Toulouse, 1842 painting by Charles-Alexandre Debacq

Bertrand of Toulouse (or Bertrand of Tripoli) (died 1112) was count of Toulouse, and was the first count of Tripoli to rule in Tripoli itself.

Bertrand was the eldest son of Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse, [1] and had ruled Toulouse since Raymond left on the First Crusade in 1095. He was, between 1098 and 1100, dispossessed by his cousin Philippa, Countess of Toulouse and her husband William IX, Duke of Aquitaine, who marched into Toulouse and captured it. They mortgaged it back later to Bertrand in 1100 to fund Duke William's expedition to the Holy Land. Bertrand officially became count of Toulouse when Raymond died in 1105, and in 1108 he travelled to Tripoli to take control there as well. [2]

Bertrand deposed Raymond's nephew William II Jordan as nominal count of Tripoli in 1109, and with Baldwin I of Jerusalem of the Kingdom of Jerusalem and a fleet of Genoese ships, he captured Tripoli on 12 July. [3]

Bertrand married Helie of Burgundy, daughter of Eudes I, in June 1095. [4]

Bertrand ruled in Tripoli until his death in 1112. He was succeeded by his son Pons in the County of Tripoli, and by his brother Alfonso Jordan in the County of Toulouse - although Toulouse was at that point again lost to Philippa and William.

Notes

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alfonso Jordan</span> Count of Toulouse, Rouergue and Tripoli, Margrave of Provence and Duke of Narbonne

Alfonso Jordan, also spelled Alfons Jordan or Alphonse Jourdain (1103–1148), was the Count of Tripoli (1105–09), Count of Rouergue (1109–48) and Count of Toulouse, Margrave of Provence and Duke of Narbonne (1112–48).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1148</span> Calendar year

Year 1148 (MCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Baldwin I of Jerusalem</span> First count of Edessa (r. 1098–1100) and first king of Jerusalem (r. 1100–1118)

Baldwin I, also known as Baldwin of Boulogne, was the first count of Edessa from 1098 to 1100, and king of Jerusalem from 1100 to his death in 1118. He was the youngest son of Eustace II, Count of Boulogne, and Ida of Lorraine and married a Norman noblewoman, Godehilde of Tosny. He received the County of Verdun in 1096, but he soon joined the crusader army of his brother Godfrey of Bouillon and became one of the most successful commanders of the First Crusade.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Godfrey of Bouillon</span> French nobleman and crusader (1060–1100)

Godfrey of Bouillon was a French nobleman and pre-eminent leader of the First Crusade. First ruler of the Kingdom of Jerusalem from 1099 to 1100, he avoided the title of king, preferring that of prince (princeps) and Advocatus Sancti Sepulchri, or Advocate of the Holy Sepulchre. Second son of Eustace II, Count of Boulogne, Godfrey became Lord of Bouillon in 1076 and in 1087 Emperor Henry IV confirmed him as Duke of Lower Lorraine, a reward for his support during the Great Saxon Revolt.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse</span> Count of Tripoli

Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse, sometimes called Raymond of Saint-Gilles or Raymond I of Tripoli, was a powerful noble in southern France and one of the leaders of the First Crusade (1096–1099). He was the Count of Toulouse, Duke of Narbonne and Margrave of Provence from 1094, and he spent the last five years of his life establishing the County of Tripoli in the Near East.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Principality of Antioch</span> Crusader state in the Levant from 1098 to 1268

The Principality of Antioch was one of the crusader states created during the First Crusade which included parts of modern-day Turkey and Syria. The principality was much smaller than the County of Edessa or the Kingdom of Jerusalem. It extended around the northeastern edge of the Mediterranean, bordering the County of Tripoli to the south, Edessa to the east, and the Byzantine Empire or the Kingdom of Armenia to the northwest, depending on the date.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">County of Tripoli</span> Crusader state in the Levant from 1102 to 1289

The County of Tripoli (1102–1289) was the last of the Crusader states. It was founded in the Levant in the modern-day region of Tripoli, northern Lebanon and parts of western Syria. When the Frankish Crusaders – mostly southern French forces – captured the region in 1109, Bertrand of Toulouse became the first count of Tripoli as a vassal of King Baldwin I of Jerusalem. From that time, the rule of the county was decided not strictly by inheritance but by factors such as military force, favour and negotiation. In 1289 the County of Tripoli fell to Sultan Qalawun of the Muslim Mamluks of Cairo. The county was absorbed into Mamluk Egypt.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pons, Count of Tripoli</span> Count of Tripoli from 1112 to 1137

Pons was count of Tripoli from 1112 to 1137. He was a minor when his father, Bertrand, died in 1112. He swore fealty to the Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos in the presence of a Byzantine embassy. His advisors sent him to Antioch to be educated in the court of Tancred of Antioch, ending the hostilities between the two crusader states. Tancred granted four important fortresses to Pons in the Principality of Antioch. Since Pons held his inherited lands in fief of the kings of Jerusalem, Tancred's grant strengthened the autonomy of the County of Tripoli. On his deathbed, Tancred also arranged the marriage of his wife, Cecile of France, to Pons.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">William IX, Duke of Aquitaine</span> Duke of Aquitaine and Gascony and Count of Poitou

William IX, called the Troubadour, was the Duke of Aquitaine and Gascony and Count of Poitou between 1086 and his death. He was also one of the leaders of the Crusade of 1101. Though his political and military achievements have a certain historical importance, he is best known as the earliest troubadour—a vernacular lyric poet in the Occitan language—whose work survives.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Count of Tripoli</span>

The count of Tripoli was the ruler of the County of Tripoli, a crusader state from 1102 through 1289. Of the four major crusader states in the Levant, Tripoli was created last.

The count of Toulouse was the ruler of Toulouse during the 8th to 13th centuries. Originating as vassals of the Frankish kings, the hereditary counts ruled the city of Toulouse and its surrounding county from the late 9th century until 1270. The counts and other family members were also at various times counts of Quercy, Rouergue, Albi, and Nîmes, and sometimes margraves of Septimania and Provence. Count Raymond IV founded the Crusader state of Tripoli, and his descendants were also counts there. They reached the zenith of their power during the 11th and 12th centuries, but after the Albigensian Crusade the county fell to the kingdom of France, nominally in 1229 and de facto in 1271.

William II Jordan was the count of Berga beginning in 1094, the count of Cerdanya beginning in 1095, and regent of the County of Tripoli beginning in 1105.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Siege of Tripoli</span>

The siege of Tripoli lasted from 1102 until July 12, 1109. It took place on the site of the present day Lebanese city of Tripoli, in the aftermath of the First Crusade. It led to the establishment of the fourth crusader state, the County of Tripoli.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Raymond-Roger, Count of Foix</span>

Raimond Roger was the sixth count of Foix from the House of Foix. He was the son and successor of Roger Bernard I and his wife Cécilia Trencavel.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Roger-Bernard II, Count of Foix</span> French noble

Roger Bernard II, called the Great, was the seventh count of Foix from 1223 until his death. He was the son and successor of the count Raymond-Roger and his wife Philippa of Montcada.

Philippa was suo jure Countess of Toulouse, as well as the Duchess of Aquitaine by marriage to Duke William IX of Aquitaine.

Esclarmonde of Foix, was a prominent figure associated with Catharism in thirteenth century Occitania.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Helie of Burgundy</span>

Helie of Burgundy was the daughter of Odo I, Duke of Burgundy and Sibylla of Burgundy, Duchess of Burgundy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">House of Toulouse</span>

The House of Toulouse, sometimes called House of Saint-Gilles or Raimondines, is the name of the dynasty that ruled the County of Toulouse.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Timeline of the Principality of Antioch</span> Chronological list of events of the history of the Principality of Antioch

The timeline of the Principality of Antioch is a chronological list of events of the history of the Principality of Antioch.

References

Preceded by Count of Toulouse
1095/1105–1108
Succeeded by
Preceded by Count of Tripoli
1109–1112
Succeeded by