Bias (disambiguation)

Bias is an inclination toward something, or a predisposition, partiality, prejudice, preference, or predilection.

Bias may also refer to:

Scientific method and statistics

• The bias introduced into an experiment through a confounder
• Algorithmic bias, machine learning algorithms that exhibit politically unacceptable behavior
• Cultural bias, interpreting and judging phenomena in terms particular to one's own culture
• Funding bias, bias relative to the commercial interests of a study's financial sponsor
• Reactivity, may result in a bias when participants behave differently when they know they are being observed. In survey research this is sometimes called response bias.
  • Demand characteristics, is when participants change their behaviour to fit their interpretation of the experiment's purpose
  • Observer-expectancy effect, is when researcher expectations influence participant behaviour (see also Pygmalion effect)
  • Social-desirability bias, is when participants adapt their behaviour to what they perceive to be social norms and expectations
  • Hawthorne effect, often relates to improving performance in response to an intervention
  • John Henry effect, sometimes relates to a behavioural change due to rivalry between groups, which may have negative outcomes
• Infrastructure bias, the influence of existing social or scientific infrastructure on scientific observations
• Publication bias, bias toward publication of certain experimental results
• Bias (statistics), the systematic distortion of a statistic
  • Biased sample, a sample falsely taken to be typical of a population
  • Estimator bias, a bias from an estimator whose expectation differs from the true value of the parameter
• Personal equation, a concept in 19th- and early 20th-century science that each observer had an inherent bias when it came to measurements and observations
• Reporting bias, a bias resulting from what is and is not reported in research, either by participants in the research or by the researcher.

Cognitive science

• Cognitive bias, any of a wide range of effects identified in cognitive science.
  • Confirmation bias, tendency of people to favor information that confirm their beliefs of hypothesis
  • See List of cognitive biases for a comprehensive list

Mathematics and engineering

• Exponent bias, the constant offset of an exponent's value
• Inductive bias, the set of assumptions that a machine learner uses to predict outputs of given inputs that it has not encountered.
• Weight and bias, two terms used to describe parameters in a neural network.
• Seat bias, any bias in a method of apportionment that favors either large or small parties over the other

Electricity

• Biasing, a voltage or current added to an electronic device to move its operating point to a desired part of its transfer function
• Grid bias of a vacuum tube, used to control the electron flow from the heated cathode to the positively charged anode
• Tape bias (also AC bias), a high-frequency signal (generally from 40 to 150 kHz) added to the audio signal recorded on an analog tape recorder

Places

• Bias, Landes, on the coast in southwestern France
• Bias, Lot-et-Garonne, in southwestern France
• Bias, West Virginia, a community in the United States
• Bias Bay, now called Daya Bay, in Guangdong Province, China
• Bias River, a river in north-western India

People

• Bias (mythology), multiple figures in Greek mythology
• Bias Brahmin, a Brahmin community found in India
• Bias of Priene, one of the Seven Sages of Greece
• Bias, a Spartan commander caught in an ambush by the Athenian general Iphicrates
• Fanny Bias (1789–1825), French dancer, one of the first who raised on pointes
• Len Bias (1963–1986), American basketball player
• Oliver Bias (born 2001), footballer
• Tiffany Bias (born 1992), Thai basketball player

Organisations

• BIAS (Berkley Integrated Audio Software), a software company specializing in sound processing software such as Peak and SoundSoap
• Bremer Institut für angewandte Strahltechnik (BIAS), a research institute dedicated to applied laser optics
• Belgian International Air Services (BIAS), a former airline from Belgium (1959–80)
• Birla Institute of Applied Sciences (BIAS), a higher education institute located in Bhimtal, Uttaranchal, India

In other areas

• Bias (book), a book by journalist Bernard Goldberg
• Bias (bird), the genus of the black-and-white shrike-flycatcher
• Bias (textile) of a woven fabric, the 45-degree diagonal line along which it is most stretchable
• Bias frame, an image obtained from an opto-electronic image sensor, with no actual exposure time
• Bias ratio (finance), an indicator used in finance to analyze the returns of investment portfolios, and in performing due diligence
• Media bias, the influence journalists and news producers have in selecting stories to report and how they are covered

See also

• Handedness
• Bias-ply
• All articles with titles beginning with "Bias"
• All articles with titles containing "Bias"