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This is the history of Niger. See also the history of Africa and the history of West Africa.
Politics of Niger takes place in a framework of a semi-presidential representative democratic republic,whereby the President of Niger is head of state and the Prime Minister of Niger head of government,and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the National Assembly.
Hama Amadou is a Nigerien politician who was Prime Minister of Niger from 1995 to 1996 and again from 2000 to 2007. He was also Secretary-General of the National Movement for the Development of Society (MNSD-Nassara) from 1991 to 2001 and President of the MNSD-Nassara from 2001 to 2009. Amadou is from the Kurtey,a Fula sub-group,and was raised in the Tillaberi Region,in the Niger River valley,north of Niamey.
Mamadou Tandja was a Nigerien politician who was President of Niger from 1999 to 2010. He was President of the National Movement for the Development of Society (MNSD) from 1991 to 1999 and unsuccessfully ran as the MNSD's presidential candidate in 1993 and 1996 before being elected to his first term in 1999. While serving as President of Niger,he was also Chairman of the Economic Community of West African States from 2005 to 2007.
Mahamane Ousmane is a Nigerien politician. He is the youngest Africa’s elected president. He was elected at 43 years old and he was also the first democratically elected and fourth President of Niger,serving from 16 April 1993 until he was deposed in a military coup d'état on 27 January 1996. He has continued to run for president in each election since his ousting,and he was president of the National Assembly from December 1999 to May 2009. Since April 2020,he is the president of the Democratic and Republican Renewal,a major political party that is currently in opposition. RDR Tchanji formed an alliance with Ousmane's other political vehicle,MNRD Hankuri,on 16 December 2018.
Elections in Niger take place within the framework of a semi-presidential system. The President and National Assembly are elected by the public,with elections organised by the Independent National Electoral Commission (CENI).
Ali Saibou was the third President of Niger from 1987 to 1993 succeeding the deceased Seyni Kountché.
Mahamadou Issoufou is a Nigerien politician who served as the president of Niger from 7 April 2011 to 2 April 2021. Issoufou was the prime minister of Niger from 1993 to 1994,president of the National Assembly from 1995 to 1996,and he was a candidate in each presidential election from 1993 to 2016. He led the Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism (PNDS-Tarayya),a social democratic party,from its foundation in 1990 until his election as president in 2011. During the presidency of Mamadou Tandja (1999–2010),Issoufou was the main opposition leader.
The National Movement for the Society of Development,also known as the National Movement for the Development of Society is a political party in Niger. Founded under the military government of the 1974–1990 period,it was the ruling party of Niger from 1989 to 1993 and again from 1999 until 2010,when a coup on 18 February 2010,by a military junta called the Supreme Council for the Restoration of Democracy (CSRD) ousted the president,Mamadou Tandja.
The Democratic and Social Convention - Rahama is a political party in Niger.
The Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Progress is a political party in Niger. Moumouni Adamou Djermakoye led the party from its foundation in 1992 until his death in 2009.
The Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism is a political party in Niger. It is a broadly left-leaning party,part of the Socialist International,and in 2011,it has been in power following the election of the former long-time leader,Mahamadou Issoufou. Mohamed Bazoum is the former President of the party and the former Secretary-General is Foumakoye Gado.
Hamid Algabid is a Nigerien politician and the President of the Rally for Democracy and Progress (RDP-Jama'a) party. A lawyer,banker,and technocrat,Algabid was an important figure in the regime of Seyni Kountché,serving as Prime Minister of Niger from 1983 to 1988. He was Secretary-General of the Organisation of the Islamic Conference (OIC) from 1989 to 1996,and since 1997 he has been President of the RDP-Jama'a. He was also President of the High Council of Territorial Collectivities (HCCT) until 2010.
Seyni Oumarou is a Nigerien politician who was Prime Minister of Niger from June 2007 to September 2009 and President of the National Assembly of Niger from November 2009 to February 2010. He is from the west of the country and is a member of the Djerma ethnic group. Since November 2008,he has been the President of the National Movement for the Development of Society (MNSD). He unsuccessfully stood as a presidential candidate in 2011,2016 and 2021. After years as an opposition leader under President Mahamadou Issoufou,he was appointed to the post of High Representative of the President in October 2016.
Habi Mahamadou Salissou is a Nigerien politician and a former Secretary-General of the centre-right National Movement for the Development of Society (MNSD). He served in the government of Niger as Minister of Secondary and Higher Education from 2001 to 2004 and as Minister of Trade and Industry from 2004 to 2007.
Parliamentary elections were held in Niger on 12 January 1995. The last elections of the Third Republic,they were called following a split in the ruling coalition,but resulted in a government divided between the party of the President and an opposition coalition with a majority in the National Assembly and the post of Prime Minister. The ensuing stalemate was a contributing factor to the coup that overthrew the regime on 27 January 1996.
Souna Hadizatou Diallo is a Nigerien former politician and lawyer. She was one of the first group of women elected to the National Assembly and later became the first woman to lead a political party in the country.
Aïssata Karidjo Mounkaïla is a Nigerien former politician. She was one of the first group of women elected to the National Assembly in 1989 and remained a member until 1996. She served in the National Assembly again from 1999 to 2009.
Marie Lebihan was a Nigerien politician. She was one of the first group of women elected to the National Assembly in 1989.
Roukayatou Abdou Issaka was a Nigerien politician. She was one of the first group of women elected to the National Assembly in 1989.
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Abdourahmane Idrissa (2020) Historical Dictionary of Niger p162
- 1 2 Alice J. Kang (2015) Bargaining for Women's Rights: Activism in an Aspiring Muslim Democracy, pp117–118