 | |
| Conservation status | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Blaarkop |
| Country of origin | Netherlands |
| Use | dual-purpose, milk and meat |
| Traits | |
| Coat | black-and-white, red-and-white |
| |
The Blaarkop or Groninger Blaarkop is a Dutch breed of dual-purpose cattle. Blaarkop is Dutch for blister head. Its main breeding area is in the province of Groningen.
White-headed cattle in Holland have been mentioned as early as the fourteenth century.[ citation needed ] Cattle showing some similarity to the modern Blaarkop appear in an Adoration by Pieter Aertsen dating from about 1560, and in a seventeenth-century Head of a Bellowing Ox by Jan Asselijn. [4] From the nineteenth century, there are also Blaarkoppen in the Utrecht and Leiden regions.
Bulls of this type were among the cattle shipped to the Cape of Good Hope by Willem Adriaan van der Stel during his time as governor of the Cape Colony (1699–1707). [5] : 625
De Blaarkopstichting, a non-profit foundation for the development and conservation of the Blairkop, was established in 2002. [6]
The Blaarkop breed is sturdily built with matching muscles, a horned head, and strong legs. Both red (60% of the population) and black (40%) Blaarkoppen exist. The body is solid red or black, while the head is white with a red or black ring (blister) around the eyes; the tail has a white tip.
Bulls are 1.45 to 1.50 metres (4 ft 9 in to 4 ft 11 in) high and weigh 800 kilograms (1,800 lb). Cows are 1.35 to 1.40 metres (4 ft 5 in to 4 ft 7 in) high and weigh 600 kilograms (1,300 lb).
The average milk yield is 6166 kg in a lactation of 315 days, with 4.38% fat and 3.57% protein; [7] : 191 [2] many cows give more than 7000 kg, and yields above 9000 kg can occur. [8]
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The Florida Cracker or Florida Scrub is an American breed of cattle. It originated in Spanish Florida and later in the American state of Florida, and is named for the Florida cracker culture in which it was kept. It is one of the Criollo breeds that descend from the Spanish cattle originally brought to the Americas by the Spanish Conquistadors; among the other North American breeds in this group are the Pineywoods, the Corriente and Texas Longhorn. Unlike the Pineywoods – to which it is closely related – the Florida Cracker has not been inter-bred with breeds of North European origin.
The Norwegian Red or Norsk Rødt Fe is a Norwegian breed of dairy cattle. It was formed in 1961 through successive mergers of various traditional and regional breeds. In 2016 it accounted for approximately 85% of the cattle in the country, and about 99% of the national dairy herd.
The Fjäll is a traditional Swedish breed of polled mountain cattle. It was threatened with extinction in the 1970s and 1980s, but recovered after a breed association was formed in 1995, partly thanks to stocks of frozen semen. Microsatellite analysis has shown it to be closely related to the endangered Bohuskulla breed.
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