Bogomil (priest)

Last updated • 1 min readFrom Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia

Bogomil (Cyrillic: Богомил) was a 10th-century Bulgarian priest who was connected with the origins of Bogomilism. [1] Bogomil is a Theophoric name consisting of Bog (God) and mil (dear) and means "[one who is] dear to god". He was declared a heresiarch by both the Catholic and Orthodox churches. [2]

According to Cosmas the Priest, Bogomil first began to preach his beliefs in Bulgaria during the reign of Peter I of Bulgaria (927 to 969), [3] which indicates that Cosmas must have been writing later than 969. [4] As with Cosmas, the life of Bogomil is shrouded in mystery and what little is known of him comes from the sermons written against him. [5] There is some uncertainty about his relationship to Jeremiah or whether they are the same person. [6] The statement that Jeremiah was "a son (disciple) of Bogomil" may be an interpolation. [7] His name is mentioned in the Book of Boril.

The village of Bogomil in Bulgaria, as well as Bogomil Cove on Rugged Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, are named after Bogomil.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pope Leo I</span> Head of the Catholic Church from 440 to 461

Pope Leo I, also known as Leo the Great, was Bishop of Rome from 29 September 440 until his death. He is the first of the three Popes listed in the Annuario Pontificio with the title "the Great", alongside Popes Gregory I and Nicholas I.

Bogomilism was a Christian neo-Gnostic, dualist sect founded in the First Bulgarian Empire by the priest Bogomil during the reign of Tsar Peter I in the 10th century. It most probably arose in the region of Kutmichevitsa, today part of the region of Macedonia.

The Euchites or Messalians were a Christian sect from Mesopotamia that spread to Asia Minor and Thrace. The name 'Messalian' comes from the Syriac ܡܨܠܝܢܐ, mṣallyānā, meaning 'one who prays'. The Greek translation is εὐχίτης, euchitēs, meaning the same.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peter I of Bulgaria</span> Tsar of the First Bulgarian Empire from 927 to 969

Peter I was emperor (tsar) of Bulgaria from 27 May 927 to 969. Facing Bogomilism and rebellions by his brothers and also by Časlav Klonimirović early on in his reign, Peter secured more success later in life; he ensured the retreat of the invading Rus by inciting Bulgaria's allies, the Pechenegs, to attack Kiev itself. Traditionally seen as a weak ruler who lost land and prestige, recent scholarship challenges this view, emphasizing the empire's affluence and internal peace. Considered a good ruler during the Middle Ages, his name was adopted by later leaders trying to restore Bulgarian independence under Byzantine rule to emphasize legitimacy and continuity.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bosnian Church</span> Christian church in medieval Bosnia

The Bosnian Church was a schismatic Christian church in medieval Bosnia and Herzegovina that was independent from and considered heretical by both the Catholic and the Eastern Orthodox churches.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Strigolniki</span> 14th–15th-century Russian religious sect

The strigolniki were followers of a Russian religious sect which appeared in the mid-14th century, known as strigolnichestvo. They first appeared in Pskov before spreading to Novgorod and Tver. By the early 15th century, they had disappeared. Along with the Judaizers, they were one of the major sects in medieval Russia.

Paulicianism was a heretical medieval Christian sect which originated in Armenia in the 7th century. Followers of the sect were called Paulicians and referred to themselves as Good Christians. Little is known about the Paulician faith and various influences have been suggested, including Gnosticism, Marcionism, Manichaeism and Adoptionism, with other scholars arguing that doctrinally the Paulicians were a largely conventional Christian reform movement unrelated to any of these currents.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">First Bulgarian Empire</span> 681–1018 state in Southeast Europe

The First Bulgarian Empire was a medieval state that existed in Southeastern Europe between the 7th and 11th centuries AD. It was founded in 680–681 after part of the Bulgars, led by Asparuh, moved south to the northeastern Balkans. There they secured Byzantine recognition of their right to settle south of the Danube by defeating – possibly with the help of local South Slavic tribes – the Byzantine army led by Constantine IV. During the 9th and 10th century, Bulgaria at the height of its power spread from the Danube Bend to the Black Sea and from the Dnieper River to the Adriatic Sea and became an important power in the region competing with the Byzantine Empire.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arnoldists</span>

Arnoldists were a Proto-Protestant Christian movement in the 12th century, named after Arnold of Brescia, an advocate of ecclesiastical reform who criticized the great wealth and possessions of the Roman Catholic Church, while preaching against infant baptism and transubstantiation. His disciples were also called "Publicans" or "Poplecans", a name probably deriving from Paulicians.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Religion in Bulgaria</span>

Religion in Bulgaria has been dominated by Christianity since its adoption as the state religion in 864. The dominant form of the religion is Eastern Orthodox Christianity within the fold of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church. During the Ottoman rule of the Balkans, Islam spread to the territories of Bulgaria, and it remains a significant minority today. The Catholic Church has roots in the country since the Middle Ages, and Protestantism arrived in the 19th century; both of them remain very small minorities. Today, a significant part of the Bulgarians are not religious, or believers who do not identify with any specific religion, and Bulgaria has been the cradle of some new religions, notably the Neo-Theosophical movement of Dunovism.

Heresy in Christianity denotes the formal denial or doubt of a core doctrine of the Christian faith as defined by one or more of the Christian churches.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Heresy</span> Belief or theory that is strongly at variance with established belief or customs

Heresy is any belief or theory that is strongly at variance with established beliefs or customs, particularly the accepted beliefs or religious law of a religious organization. A heretic is a proponent of heresy.

Constantine Chrysomalus was a Byzantine monk who was posthumously condemned by a Synod of Constantinople as a teacher of heresies affiliated with Bogomilism and Messalianism. Although Chrysomalus and his writings, the Golden Sermons, had been accused of promoting Bogomil teachings, his association with Bogomilism has been contested by later scholars.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Christianity in the Middle Ages</span>

Christianity in the Middle Ages covers the history of Christianity from the fall of the Western Roman Empire. The end of the period is variously defined - depending on the context, events such as the conquest of Constantinople by the Ottoman Empire in 1453, Christopher Columbus's first voyage to the Americas in 1492, or the Protestant Reformation in 1517 are sometimes used.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cosmas the Priest</span> Bulgarian priest and writer

Cosmas the Priest, also known as Cosmas the Presbyter or Presbyter Cosmas, was a medieval Bulgarian priest and writer. Cosmas is most famous for his anti-Bogomil treatise Sermon Against the Heretics, which, despite not being conclusively dated, is generally ascribed to the 10th century. The treatise is a valuable source on the beginnings of the Bogomil heresy in Bulgaria, as well as on medieval Bulgarian society.

<i>Treatise Against the Bogomils</i>

Sermon Against the Heresy is a polemical and didactic work of Old Bulgarian literature, written by Cosmas the Priest, a church writer close to Tsar Peter I of Bulgaria. Sermon bears the full title Homily of the Unworthy Presbyter Cosmas Against the Newly-Appeared Bogomil Heresy, or, in other manuscripts, Sermon of Saint Cosmas Presbyter Against the Heretics, A Discussion and an Instruction from the Books of God.

Jeremiah was a 10th-century Bulgarian priest and writer usually associated with the origins of Bogomilism. The earliest mention of him is found in a work of Patriarch Sisinnius II of Constantinople. He is sometimes associated with, though more often distinguished from, the priest Bogomil.

This is a list of people, places, and events related to the medieval Bulgarian Empires — the First Bulgarian Empire (681–1018), and the Second Bulgarian Empire (1185–1396).

Cosmas II Atticus was Patriarch of Constantinople from April 1146, until February 1147. He was born in Aegina, in Greece, and was a deacon of Hagia Sophia before his ascension, after Michael II Kourkouas abdicated. He was highly respected for his learning and for his holy character. Cosmas reigned during the rule of Byzantine emperor Manuel I Comnenus.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Origenist crises</span> Christian theological controversies

The Origenist crises or Origenist controversies were two major theological controversies in early Christianity involving the teachings of followers of the third-century Alexandrian theologian Origen.

References

  1. William H. Brackney (2012) Historical Dictionary of Radical Christianity, Scarecrow Press, 2012, Bogomilsim on pp. 55-56; ISBN   0810871793.
  2. John Anthony McGuckin as ed. The Encyclopedia of Eastern Orthodox Christianity, vol. 2, ISBN   1405185392, Wiley, 2011; pp. 82-83.
  3. "In the days of the orthodox czar Peter, there lived in Bulgaria a priest named Bogomil..., who was the first to disseminate the heresy in the land of Bulgaria." Thus begins Cosmas's tract against the Bogomils. For more see: Heinrich Fichtenau, Heretics and Scholars in the High Middle Ages, 1000-1200, Penn State Press, 2010, ISBN   0271043741, p. 70.
  4. Arnold Joseph Toynbee Constantine Porphyrogenitus and his world 1973 "that the priest Bogomil first began to preach his heresy in Bulgaria in the reign of the Emperor Peter. Since Peter reigned from 927 to 969, Cosmas must have been writing later than 969."
  5. Michael Frassetto Heretic lives: medieval heresy from Bogomil and the Cathars to ... 2007 p. 12 "The life of Bogomil is as shrouded in the mists of the past as is that of Cosmas, and, as with Cosmas, what little we know of that life comes from the sermon written against him, and from his teachings. The founder of the heresy is ..."
  6. Emil Ivanov Georgiev Literatura na izostreni borbi v srednovekovna Bŭlgariia 1966 - 321 Това можеше да става, докато не бяха познати произведенията на Йеремия. Днес можем да посочим убедителни факти, които говорят, че Поп Богомил и Поп Йеремия са две различни лица. Източниците добре разграничават единия от другия.
  7. Zdenko Zlatar The poetics of Slavdom: the mythopoeic foundations of Yugoslavia - 2007 - 494 "There is thus no question, as Emile Turdeanu points out, that "the assertion that Jeremiah was 'a son and disciple of Bogomil' is certainly an interpolation."