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Books Across the Sea was a cultural and literary movement begun in 1940 as the result of the stopping of the transatlantic trade in printed books. At that time there was a ban on the import and export of non-essential goods into Britain to free-up shipping space for more essential goods.
Books Across the Sea was founded in 1940 by Beatrice Warde to help offset Nazi propaganda among other expatriate Americans remaining in London after the fall of France. She arranged through her mother May Lamberton Becker, literary editor of the New York Herald Tribune for single copies of 70 new significant American titles to be imported in friends' hand luggage. These were displayed in the offices of the Americans in Britain Outpost of the Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies. A similar present of British-published books was sent to America. The books were carefully selected to mirror life in the two countries and included educational titles. Schools assembled and sent scrap books showing the daily life of the children.
It was quickly seen that books were essential good-will ambassadors, and a formal organisation was set up to run it, with branches in Britain (in London and Edinburgh) and America (in New York and Boston), first under the chairmanship of Professor Arthur Newall, and soon after by T. S. Eliot. Another key collaborator was Alicia Street, editor of The Outpost, a newsletter published by Americans living in Britain "to promote full understanding among the English Speaking Peoples". [1] By 1944 some 2,000 volumes had been received in London and 1,600 in New York. The branches also acted as enquiry centres about life in the opposite countries. After the war, in February 1946, the London collection of books was presented to the South Audley Street branch of the City of Westminster Libraries at a ceremony attended by Mrs Eleanor Roosevelt.
Books Across the Sea was formally adopted by the English-Speaking Union in 1947 which still runs it, widening the scope to cover other countries.
John Drinkwater was an English poet and dramatist. He was known before World War I as one of the Dymock poets, and his poetry was included in all five volumes of Georgian Poetry. After World War I, he achieved fame as a playwright and became closely associated with Birmingham Repertory Theatre.
Francis Brett Young was an English novelist, poet, playwright, composer, doctor and soldier.
Sir Granville Ransome Bantock was a British composer of classical music.
Thomas Campbell EytonJP, DL was an English naturalist whose fields were cattle, fishes and birds. He was a friend and correspondent of Charles Darwin though he opposed his theories.
Patric Thomas Dickinson was a British poet, translator from the Greek and Latin classics, and playwright. He also worked for the BBC, from 1942 to 1948. His verse play Theseus and the Minotaur was broadcast by the BBC in July 1945 and published by Jonathan Cape the following year, along with a selection of his poems. He wrote full-time from 1948 and edited Personal Portraits, a series of short biographies published by Max Parrish Ltd. and Adprint, London.
Ursula Jean McMinn, better known as Ursula Jeans, was an English film, stage, and television actress.
Beatrice Lamberton Warde was a twentieth-century writer and scholar of typography. As a marketing manager for the British Monotype Corporation, she was influential in the development of printing tastes in Britain and elsewhere in the mid-twentieth century and was recognized at the time as "[o]ne of the few women typographers in the world". Her writing advocated higher standards in printing, and championed intelligent use of historic typefaces from the past, which Monotype specialised in reviving, and the work of contemporary typeface designers.
The British Institute of Organ Studies (BIOS) is a British organisation and registered charity which aims to promote study and appreciation of all aspects of the pipe organ. Further, it acts as a lobbying body to raise awareness of organ issues with appropriate statutory bodies. Membership is open to all.
The Amateur Athletic Association of England or AAA is the oldest national governing body for athletics in the world, having been established on 24 April 1880. Historically it effectively oversaw athletics throughout Britain and Ireland. Its role changed to support regional athletic clubs within England alone. This role was effectively taken over by England Athletics in 2005 and the Amateur Athletic Association of England was absorbed into that organisation. It is now concerned with the development of young athletes and has taken on the role of safeguarding the history of the sport and still awards trophies to elite athletes.
Godfrey Edward Pellew Arkwright was a British musicologist.
Mark Napier Trollope was the third Anglican Bishop in Korea from 1911 until his death.
Alfred Cecil Cooper was the fourth Anglican Bishop in Korea from 1931 until 1954. Born in 1882 and educated at Bradfield College and Christ's College, Cambridge, he was ordained priest on Trinity Sunday (26 May), by Handley Moule, Bishop of Durham, at Durham Cathedral. After a curacy at St Oswald's, West Hartlepool he spent the rest of his active ministry in Korea. He was consecrated a bishop on St Barnabas' Day 1931 (11 June), by Cosmo Lang, Archbishop of Canterbury, at St Paul's Cathedral. "Bishop in Corea" during a turbulent period in the country's history, the most dramatic event of his episcopate was the forced march to the very top of the country during the Korean war. During his capture, 1951–1953, his assistant bishop, Arthur Chadwell, was acting bishop diocesan. Retiring in 1954, he died a decade later on 17 December 1964.
The Rt Rev Arthur Michael Hollis was an eminent Anglican clergyman in the mid 20th century.
Herbert Tugwell was a colonial Anglican bishop in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. ordained priest the following year;
The Theatre Royal, until 1807 the New Street Theatre, or, colloquially, New Theatre, was a 2000-seat theatre located on New Street in Birmingham, England. It was erected in 1774 and demolished in 1956.
Elsie Randolph was an English actress, singer and dancer. Randolph was born and died in London.
Birmingham General Hospital was a teaching hospital in Birmingham, England, founded in 1779 and closed in the mid-1990s.
J. S. M. Hooper was the first General Secretary of the Bible Society of India on its creation on 1 November 1944. Hooper was also involved in translations of the Bible Society of India.
Thomas Ludlam was thrice Governor of Sierra Leone.
Wilfrid George Tatham was a British hurdler. He competed in the men's 400 metres hurdles at the 1924 Summer Olympics. Tatham was fourth in the 440 yard hurdles at the 1930 British Empire Games.
Beatrice Warde, "Books Across the Sea; Ambassadors of good will", in The Times 2 January 1942, p 5: Issue 49123; col F. Letter about the scheme.
Beatrice Warde, Anglo-American Links", in The Times 23 October, 1944; p 5; Issue 49979/2; col E. Letter about the school scrap books.
"Books Across the Sea: Mrs Roosevelt on a valuable tie", in The Times 1 February 1946; p 7; Issue 50365; pol D. Report of the gift of the books to Westminster Libraries.
Professor Arthur Newell, "Mrs Beatrice Warde", in The Times 25 September, 1969' p 12; Issue 57674; col G. Obituary notice, deals with her work with Books Across the Sea.
English Speaking Union page about Books Across the Sea Note: The historical information here is not accurate.
Archive materials related to Books Across the Sea are held in multiple collections. Papers related to the movement, as well as Beatrice Warde's personal and professional papers, are held at the Cadbury Research Library, University of Birmingham. [2] [3] A large collection of books that were exchanged as part of the programme are held at the University of Kent. [4] Other correspondence related to Books Across the Sea is held at the University of Reading. [5] [6]