Bridget Carragher

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Bridget Carragher
Bridget Carragher.jpg
Born (1957-06-17) 17 June 1957 (age 68)
CitizenshipUSA
Alma materUniversity of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, S. Africa (B.Sc. and M.Sc. in physics)

Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois (M.Sc. in physics)

University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (Ph.D.)

Contents

Scientific career
FieldsElectron Microscopy, Structural Biology

Bridget Olivia Carragher (born 17 June 1957) is a South African physicist specialized in electron microscopy.

Carragher is an adjunct professor at the Columbia University (New York City, NY) and the founder and Chief Operations Officer of NanoImaging Services, Inc. She is also the director of the National Resources for Automated Molecular Microscopy (NRAMM), director of the Simons Electron Microscopy Center at New York Structural Biology Center (New York City, NY) and PI at the National Center for CryoEM Access and Training.

Personal life

Carragher was born in South Africa. She lived in Ghana during her childhood and for one year in England. After earning her master's degree, she moved to the United States and has lived there since where she is a US citizen.

Carragher is married and has two children.

Education

Carragher studied physics at the University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa, from 1975 to 1981. She spent a year at Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, and graduated with a MSc in physics. In 1987 she gained her PhD in physics from University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.

Career

Carragher has spent much of her career in developing streamlined and automated electron microscopy (EM) methods aimed at improving both the quality of EM data and the accessibility of these techniques to the broader biological community.

After her Ph.D., she held several posts in industry and academia until moving to the Scripps Research Institute in 2001. Since 2002, she has served with Clint Potter as the director of the National Resource for Automated Molecular Microscopy (NRAMM), an NIH-funded national biotechnology research resource. The NRAMM specializes in developing and applying automated technologies for EM and providing training at all levels.

In 2007 Carragher co-founded NanoImaging Services, Inc. The company works in the area of providing microscopy services to the biopharmaceutical and biotechnology industries.

In 2015 Carragher and Clint moved their academic lab from The Scripps Research Institute to the New York Structural Biology Center, where they serve as co-directors of the Simons Electron Microscopy Center. In May 2018, they were awarded a U24 grant to start the National Center for CryoEM Access and Training (NCCAT).

In 2022 she was named a Founding Technical Director of the Chan Zuckerberg Institute for Advanced Biological Imaging. [1] [2]

Positions and Employment
YearPosition
1987 - 1988Research Associate, U. Chicago
1988 - 1990Senior Scientist, CEMAX Incorporated, Santa Clara, California
1990 - 1991Assistant Research Neuroscientist, Dept. of Neuroscience, UCSD
1992 - 1998Director, Optical Visualization Facility, Beckman Institute, UIUC
1994 - 2001Adjunct Assistant Professor, Dept. of Cell and Structural Biology, UIUC
1996 - 1999Senior Research Scientist, National Center for Supercomputing Applications, UIUC
1998 - 2001Director, Imaging Technology Group, Beckman Institute, UIUC
2001 - 2012Associate Professor, Dept. of Cell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute. La Jolla, CA
2003–presentDirector, National Resource for Automated Molecular Microcopy (NRAMM)
2007–presentFounder and Chief Science Officer, NanoImaging Services, Inc.
2012 - 2014Professor, Dept. of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute. La Jolla, CA
2015–presentDirector, Simons Electron Microscopy Center, New York Structural Biology Center, NY, NY
2015–presentAdjunct Professor, Columbia University, New York, NY
2018–presentCo-PI, National Center for CryoEM Access and Training
2022–presentFounding Technical Director, Chan Zuckerberg Institute for Advanced Biological Imaging
Other Experience and Professional Memberships
YearActivity
1993–presentEditorial Board, Journal of Structural Biology
1993–presentMember of various NIH/NSF Study Sections
1993 - 2000Scientific Advisory Committee, National Center for Macromolecular Imaging, Baylor College of Medicine
1993, 1995Co-organizer, Workshop on Advanced Computing for Biological Imaging, UIUC/NCSA
1995Co-organizer, A Hands-on Workshop on Practical Stereological Techniques, UIUC
1995–presentMember of Advisory Committee, HVEM Resource, Boulder, Co.
1996Co-editor, Journal of Structural Biology Special Issue on “Software Resources for Image Processing and Visualization in Structural Biology”
1998–presentMember of Advisory Committee, BMIRR, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY
1997, 1999Vice-chair, chair, Gordon Conference on 3DEM of Macromolecules
2003Co-organizer, Multidisciplinary Workshop on Automated Particle Selection
2003 - 2014Co-organizer, Biennial Workshop In Molecular Microscopy
2003Co-editor, Journal of Structural Biology, Special Issues on Automated Particle Selection and Analytical Methods
2003 - 2005NIH BBCB Study Section
2005 - 2007NIH MI Study Section
2005–presentAssociate editor, Journal of Structural Biology
2011 - 2015Scientific Advisory Committee, Transcontinental EM Initiative for Membrane Protein Structure
2012 - 2014Advisory Board, National Canadian CryoEM Facility
2013 - 2015External Advisory Committee, Theoretical and Computational Biophysics Group
2014–presentChair, EMDB Committee for cryoEM map challenge
2015–presentMember, wwPDB Integrative/Hybrid Method (IHM) Task Force: Federation Subgroup
2015–presentMember, Diamond Scientific Advisory Committee
2015–presentMember, RCSB Protein Data Bank Advisory Committee
2015–presentMember, External Advisory Board, National Center for X-ray Tomography
2016–presentEditorial Board, Cell Chemical Biology
2017–presentMember, NCXT Advisory Committee
2017–presentMember, International Scientific Advisory Board, Max Planck Institute, Frankfurt
2017–presentExternal Advisory Board, UTSW multi-user cryoEM facility
2017Honorary Fellow of the Royal Microscopy Society
2017–presentEditorial Board, Biophysical Journal
2018–presentExternal Advisory Board, Harvard multi-user cryoEM facility

Contribution to Science

Throughout her career, Carragher has published 165 papers, [3] [4] received several research funding grants and owns five patents.

Patents

Contributions to the EM field

  1. Suloway, C; Pulokas, J; Fellmann, D; Cheng, A; Guerra, F; Quispe, J; Stagg, S; Potter, CS; Carragher, B (2005). "Automated molecular microscopy: the new Leginon system". J Struct Biol. 151 (1): 41–60. doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2005.03.010. PMID   15890530.
  2. Lander, GC; Stagg, SM; Voss, NR; Cheng, A; Fellmann, D; Pulokas, J; Yoshioka, C; Irving, C; Mulder, A; Lau, PW; Lyumkis, D; Potter, CS; Carragher, B (2009). "Appion: an integrated, database-driven pipeline to facilitate EM image processing". J Struct Biol. 166 (1): 95–102. doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2009.01.002. PMC   2775544 . PMID   19263523.
  3. Lyumkis, D; Julien, JP; de Val, N; Cupo, A; Potter, CS; Klasse, PJ; Burton, DR; Sanders, RW; Moore, JP; Carragher, B; Wilson, IA; Ward, AB (2013). "Cryo-EM structure of a fully glycosylated soluble cleaved HIV-1 envelope trimer". Science. 342 (6165): 1484–90. Bibcode:2013Sci...342.1484L. doi:10.1126/science.1245627. PMC   3954647 . PMID   24179160.
  4. Noble, AJ; Wei, H; Dandey, VP; Zhang, Z; Tan, YZ; Potter, CS; Carragher, B (2018). "Reducing effects of particle adsorption to the air-water interface in cryo-EM". Nat Methods. 15 (10): 793–795. doi:10.1038/s41592-018-0139-3. PMC   6168394 . PMID   30250056.
  5. Scapin, G; Dandey, VP; Zhang, Z; Prosise, W; Hruza, A; Kelly, T; Mayhood, T; Strickland, C; Potter, CS; Carragher, B (2018). "Structure of the insulin receptor-insulin complex by single-particle cryo-EM analysis". Nature. 556 (7699): 122–5. Bibcode:2018Natur.556..122S. doi:10.1038/nature26153. PMC   5886813 . PMID   29512653.

Additional selected contributions to the EM field

CryoEM automation

Carragher was an early advocate for automated methods for electron microscopy. She developed software to analyze poorly ordered sickle cell hemoglobin fibers [5] and went on to collaborate with Ron Milligan's group to develop a pipeline for helical processing (Phoelix). [6] Carragher and Potter led the development of Leginon, [7] a system for automated control and data acquisition from an electron microscope, and Appion, [8] a pipeline for single particle data processing.

New technologies for TEM

Carragher and her team have developed a number of technologies for transmission electron microscopy (TEM). These include Spotiton, an inkjet dispense and vitrification system for cryo-TEM, [9] [10] robotic devices to load TEM specimens into the microscope, [11] liquid handling robots for controlling sample vitrification [12] [13] and negative staining, and new substrates. [14]

Contributions to structural biology

Carragher has co-authored several papers in this area. [15]

Carragher's lab team includes a number of post-docs and graduate students . These researchers have contributed a number of papers to scientific journals. [16] [17] [18] [19]

Contributions to Methodology:

Carragher has worked to validate and improve methods in the field. In particular, she has worked on a particle picking workshop, [20] the recent CTF challenge [21] and a number of workshops organized by the EMDB to discuss standards and validation. [22] [23] She have also organized workshops, including the NRAMM biennial Advanced Methods Workshop.

Awards

In 2019, Carragher and Philip E Bateson were awarded the 2019 Microscopy Society of America Distinguished Scientist Award. [24]

In 2022, Carragher was awarded The Biophysical Society Innovation Award. [25]

References

  1. ↑ Chan Zuckerberg official website
  2. ↑ Nano Imaging Services website
  3. ↑ Neuro Tree website
  4. ↑ Science Direct Journal website, Paper of the Year awards 2004 and 2015
  5. ↑ Carragher, B.; Bluemke, D. A.; Gabriel, B.; Potel, M. J.; Josephs, R. (1988-01-20). "Structural analysis of polymers of sickle cell hemoglobin. I. Sickle hemoglobin fibers". Journal of Molecular Biology. 199 (2): 315–331. doi:10.1016/0022-2836(88)90316-6. ISSN   0022-2836. PMID   3351926.
  6. ↑ Carragher, B.; Whittaker, M.; Milligan, R. A. (January 1996). "Helical processing using PHOELIX". Journal of Structural Biology. 116 (1): 107–112. doi:10.1006/jsbi.1996.0018. ISSN   1047-8477. PMID   8742731.
  7. ↑ Suloway, Christian; Pulokas, James; Fellmann, Denis; Cheng, Anchi; Guerra, Francisco; Quispe, Joel; Stagg, Scott; Potter, Clinton S.; Carragher, Bridget (July 2005). "Automated molecular microscopy: the new Leginon system". Journal of Structural Biology. 151 (1): 41–60. doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2005.03.010. ISSN   1047-8477. PMID   15890530.
  8. ↑ Lander, Gabriel C.; Stagg, Scott M.; Voss, Neil R.; Cheng, Anchi; Fellmann, Denis; Pulokas, James; Yoshioka, Craig; Irving, Christopher; Mulder, Anke (April 2009). "Appion: an integrated, database-driven pipeline to facilitate EM image processing". Journal of Structural Biology. 166 (1): 95–102. doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2009.01.002. ISSN   1047-8477. PMC   2775544 . PMID   19263523.
  9. ↑ Jain, Tilak; Sheehan, Patrick; Crum, John; Carragher, Bridget; Potter, Clinton S. (July 2012). "Spotiton: A prototype for an integrated inkjet dispense and vitrification system for cryo-TEM". Journal of Structural Biology. 179 (1): 68–75. doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2012.04.020. PMC   3378829 . PMID   22569522.
  10. ↑ Dandey, Venkata P.; Wei, Hui; Zhang, Zhening; Tan, Yong Zi; Acharya, Priyamvada; Eng, Edward T.; Rice, William J.; Kahn, Peter A.; Potter, Clinton S.; Carragher, Bridget (May 2018). "Spotiton: New features and applications". Journal of Structural Biology. 202 (2): 161–169. doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2018.01.002. PMC   6317895 . PMID   29366716.
  11. ↑ Potter, Clinton S.; Pulokas, James; Smith, Paul; Suloway, Christian; Carragher, Bridget (June 2004). "Robotic grid loading system for a transmission electron microscope". Journal of Structural Biology. 146 (3): 431–440. doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2004.02.002. ISSN   1047-8477. PMID   15099584.
  12. ↑ Quispe, Joel; Damiano, John; Mick, Stephen E.; Nackashi, David P.; Fellmann, Denis; Ajero, Teddy G.; Carragher, Bridget; Potter, Clinton S. (October 2007). "An improved holey carbon film for cryo-electron microscopy". Microscopy and Microanalysis. 13 (5): 365–371. Bibcode:2007MiMic..13..365Q. doi:10.1017/S1431927607070791. ISSN   1431-9276. PMID   17900388. S2CID   23667883.
  13. ↑ Mulligan, Sean K.; Speir, Jeffrey A.; Razinkov, Ivan; Cheng, Anchi; Crum, John; Jain, Tilak; Duggan, Erika; Liu, Er; Nolan, John P. (August 2015). "Multiplexed TEM Specimen Preparation and Analysis of Plasmonic Nanoparticles". Microscopy and Microanalysis. 21 (4): 1017–1025. Bibcode:2015MiMic..21.1017M. doi:10.1017/S1431927615014324. ISSN   1435-8115. PMC   4701052 . PMID   26223550.
  14. ↑ Razinkov, Ivan; Dandey, Venkat; Wei, Hui; Zhang, Zhening; Melnekoff, David; Rice, William J.; Wigge, Christoph; Potter, Clinton S.; Carragher, Bridget (August 2016). "A new method for vitrifying samples for cryoEM". Journal of Structural Biology. 195 (2): 190–198. doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2016.06.001. ISSN   1095-8657. PMC   5464370 . PMID   27288865.
  15. ↑ Science Direct Journal website, Paper of the Year awards 2004 and 2015
  16. ↑ Stagg, Scott M.; Gürkan, Cemal; Fowler, Douglas M.; LaPointe, Paul; Foss, Ted R.; Potter, Clinton S.; Carragher, Bridget; Balch, William E. (2006-01-12). "Structure of the Sec13/31 COPII coat cage". Nature. 439 (7073): 234–238. Bibcode:2006Natur.439..234S. doi:10.1038/nature04339. ISSN   1476-4687. PMID   16407955. S2CID   2426465.
  17. ↑ Mulder, Anke M.; Yoshioka, Craig; Beck, Andrea H.; Bunner, Anne E.; Milligan, Ronald A.; Potter, Clinton S.; Carragher, Bridget; Williamson, James R. (2010-10-29). "Visualizing Ribosome Biogenesis: Parallel Assembly Pathways for 30S Subunit". Science. 330 (6004): 673–677. Bibcode:2010Sci...330..673M. doi:10.1126/science.1193220. ISSN   0036-8075. PMC   2990404 . PMID   21030658.
  18. ↑ Moeller, Arne; Kirchdoerfer, Robert N.; Potter, Clinton S.; Carragher, Bridget; Wilson, Ian A. (2012-12-21). "Organization of the Influenza Virus Replication Machinery". Science. 338 (6114): 1631–1634. Bibcode:2012Sci...338.1631M. doi:10.1126/science.1227270. ISSN   0036-8075. PMC   3578580 . PMID   23180774.
  19. ↑ Lyumkis, Dmitry; Julien, Jean-Philippe; de Val, Natalia; Cupo, Albert; Potter, Clinton S.; Klasse, Per-Johan; Burton, Dennis R.; Sanders, Rogier W.; Moore, John P. (2013-12-20). "Cryo-EM structure of a fully glycosylated soluble cleaved HIV-1 envelope trimer". Science. 342 (6165): 1484–1490. Bibcode:2013Sci...342.1484L. doi:10.1126/science.1245627. ISSN   1095-9203. PMC   3954647 . PMID   24179160.
  20. ↑ Zhu, Yuanxin; Carragher, Bridget; Glaeser, Robert M.; Fellmann, Denis; Bajaj, Chandrajit; Bern, Marshall; Mouche, Fabrice; de Haas, Felix; Hall, Richard J. (January 2004). "Automatic particle selection: results of a comparative study". Journal of Structural Biology. 145 (1–2): 3–14. CiteSeerX   10.1.1.5.9218 . doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2003.09.033. ISSN   1047-8477. PMID   15065668.
  21. ↑ Marabini, Roberto; Carragher, Bridget; Chen, Shaoxia; Chen, James; Cheng, Anchi; Downing, Kenneth H.; Frank, Joachim; Grassucci, Robert A.; Heymann, J. Bernard (June 2015). "CTF Challenge: Result Summary". Journal of Structural Biology. 190 (3): 348–359. doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2015.04.003. ISSN   1047-8477. PMC   4672951 . PMID   25913484.
  22. ↑ Henderson, Richard; Sali, Andrej; Baker, Matthew L.; Carragher, Bridget; Devkota, Batsal; Downing, Kenneth H.; Egelman, Edward H.; Feng, Zukang; Frank, Joachim (2012-02-08). "Outcome of the First Electron Microscopy Validation Task Force Meeting". Structure. 20–330 (2): 205–214. doi:10.1016/j.str.2011.12.014. ISSN   0969-2126. PMC   3328769 . PMID   22325770.
  23. ↑ Patwardhan, Ardan; Carazo, José-Maria; Carragher, Bridget; Henderson, Richard; Heymann, J Bernard; Hill, Emma; Jensen, Grant J; Lagerstedt, Ingvar; Lawson, Catherine L (December 2012). "Data management challenges in three-dimensional EM". Nature Structural & Molecular Biology. 19 (12): 1203–1207. doi:10.1038/nsmb.2426. ISSN   1545-9993. PMC   4048199 . PMID   23211764.
  24. ↑ Microscopy Society Of America website
  25. ↑ BioPhysics.org website
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