Brighton Terrace

Brighton Terrace
Brighton Terrace
	The two terraces on the south end, 2015
Location	30 Sussex Street, West End, Queensland, Australia
Coordinates	27°28′58″S153°00′47″E / 27.4827°S 153.0131°E Coordinates: 27°28′58″S153°00′47″E / 27.4827°S 153.0131°E
Design period	1870s - 1890s (late 19th century)
Built	1887 - 1890
Architect	John Beauchamp Nicholson
Queensland Heritage Register
	Official name: Brighton Terrace
Type	state heritage (built)
Designated	21 October 1992
Reference no.	600343
Significant period	1880s-1890s (fabric, historical)
Significant components	basement / sub-floor, residential accommodation - maisonette/s / duplex
	Location of Brighton Terrace in Queensland Brighton Terrace (Australia)

Last updated March 16, 2019

Brighton Terrace is a heritage-listed duplex at 30 Sussex Street, West End, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by John Beauchamp Nicholson and built from 1887 to 1890. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.^[1]

A duplex house plan has two living units attached to each other, either next to each other via townhouses or above each other like apartments By contrast, a building comprising two attached units on two distinct properties is typically considered semi-detached or twin homes but is also called a duplex in parts of the Northeastern United States.

West End is an inner-city suburb of southern Brisbane. At the 2016 Australian Census the suburb recorded a population of 9,474.

Queensland is the second-largest and third-most populous state in the Commonwealth of Australia. Situated in the north-east of the country, it is bordered by the Northern Territory, South Australia and New South Wales to the west, south-west and south respectively. To the east, Queensland is bordered by the Coral Sea and Pacific Ocean. To its north is the Torres Strait, with Papua New Guinea located less than 200 km across it from the mainland. The state is the world's sixth-largest sub-national entity, with an area of 1,852,642 square kilometres (715,309 sq mi).

History

Brighton Terrace, which consists of two sets of identical pairs of semi-detached houses, was apparently built for investment purposes for Emile Adrian Gaujard in 1889-90. Tenders for the construction of the four houses were called on 6 August 1887 by John B. Nicholson, a successful Brisbane architect who prospered in the boom conditions of the late 1880s. Gaujard was a wholesale and retail tobacconist and importer of Gaujard and Elson, which was located in Queen Street, Brisbane. The first two houses were completed in 1889 and were immediately let to A. Mirls, a commercial traveller and WH Robertson, a bank manager. Despite completion in 1890, the second pair of houses were not occupied until 1894. Each of the four houses was individually identified with its own name.^[1]

Brisbane is the capital of and the most populated city in the Australian state of Queensland, and the third most populous city in Australia. Brisbane's metropolitan area has a population of 2.5 million, and the South East Queensland region, centred on Brisbane, encompasses a population of more than 3.5 million. The Brisbane central business district stands on the historic European settlement and is situated inside a peninsula of the Brisbane River, about 15 kilometres from its mouth at Moreton Bay. The metropolitan area extends in all directions along the floodplain of the Brisbane River Valley between Moreton Bay and the Great Dividing Range, sprawling across several of Australia's most populous local government areas (LGAs)—most centrally the City of Brisbane, which is by far the most populous LGA in the nation. The demonym of Brisbane is "Brisbanite".

Queen Street, Brisbane street in Brisbane

Queen Street is the main street of Brisbane, the capital of Queensland, Australia. It is named after Victoria of the United Kingdom.

At the time of Brighton Terrace's construction, South Brisbane as in other parts of city, was experiencing a boom period. Residential expansion for respectable middle-class families proliferated in South Brisbane, with the predominant housing type being the four roomed timber cottage with a corrugated iron roof. Terrace housing was not particularly popular as a housing style in early Brisbane, especially amongst the land authorities who were unhappy with the small allotments that resulted after subdivision of the multi-dwelling properties. The passing of the Undue Subdivision of Land Prevention Act in 1885 abruptly brought an end to the early style of terrace housing in Brisbane. In response, developments, such as Brighton Terrace, were introduced as an alternative to terrace housing that retained some cost benefits in construction. The advantage of building Brighton Terrace as a pair of residences on two allotments was that each pair could be legally sold separately. Most houses in the vicinity of Brighton Terrace were privately owned residences owned by clerks, salesmen and accountants.^[1]

South Brisbane is an inner city suburb of Brisbane, Australia on the southern bank of the Brisbane River, directly connected to the central business district by the Kurilpa, Victoria and Goodwill bridges. Its population was estimated to be 7,196 at the 2016 Australian Census.

Upon the death of Gaujard, ownership of the four houses passed to his daughter Helene Therese Nicol, who was spouse of George Bruce Nicol, co-founder of the West End Brewery. The property was sold in 1923 and later, with the addition of fibrous cement sheeting and internal subdivision, converted into twelve flats. In 1990 the buildings were substantially renovated back into four residences and individually sold.^[1]

Description

Brighton Terrace is built on steeply sloped land that drops down from the street frontage and overlooks Brisbane city. The timber picket fence that extends across the entire street length of the terrace was constructed in 1990. Wooden decking provides access to the houses that are set back from the street boundary. Gardens exist only at the rear of the properties where the land evens out. No original vegetation survives as the grounds were extensively re-landscaped with palm trees, low shrubbery and brick paving in 1990.^[1]

The four residences which collectively form Brighton Terrace are basically identical. The timber houses are each single storied at street level, with a subfloor level at the rear where the land falls away. Each pair of residences is housed under a single gabled hip roof that is clad in corrugated iron. Projecting gables at the front of each house are decorated with timber sunburst designs and finials while the eaves have pairs of brackets. The exterior walls are clad with narrow chamferboards. Windows at the front of each house are timber framed double hung sashes that have been grouped in threes.^[1]

Gable Generally triangular portion of a wall between the edges of intersecting roof pitches

A gable is the generally triangular portion of a wall between the edges of intersecting roof pitches. The shape of the gable and how it is detailed depends on the structural system used, which reflects climate, material availability, and aesthetic concerns. A gable wall or gable end more commonly refers to the entire wall, including the gable and the wall below it.

A sunburst is a design or figure commonly used in architectural ornaments and design patterns. It consists of rays or "beams" radiating out from a central disk in the manner of sunbeams. Sometimes part of a sunburst, a semicircular or semi-elliptical shape, is used. Traditional sunburst motifs usually show the rays narrowing as they get further from the centre; from the later 19th century they often get wider, as in the Japanese Rising Sun Flag, which is more appropriate in optical terms.

The eaves are the edges of the roof which overhang the face of a wall and, normally, project beyond the side of a building. The eaves form an overhang to throw water clear of the walls and may be highly decorated as part of an architectural style, such as the Chinese dougong bracket systems.

Each house consists of six main rooms and three bathrooms, the plan of which is roughly rectangular. The facades are asymmetrically arranged so that the front bedroom of each house projects forward and a small verandah is created. Original cast iron lacework and posts decorate the front verandahs and the window hood brackets. At the rear of each house are verandahs at two levels that are decorated with introduced timber balustrading and decorative timber brackets. The verandahs are separated by a deep timber valance and the soffits are fitted with introduced ripple iron that has been painted. The brick firewalls which separate the pairs of residences, are cement rendered at the front of the properties only and plastered internally. The internal partition walls at street level are single skinned with vertical beaded tongue and groove boards on a timber frame. The ceilings are also tongue and grooved boards except in the living and dining rooms where plasterboard with plaster ceiling roses has been introduced. At the lower level the walls and ceilings are all plasterboard on timber frames. Floors throughout the house are timber boards overlaid with carpet in the main rooms and vinyl or ceramic tiles in the kitchen and bathrooms. Some original cedar joinery such as architraves and four panelled doors survive at the street level, however most, including the timber fireplace surrounds and the timber consoles in the entry hall, have been introduced during the 1990 renovations. Obscure patterned glass has been fitted into the fanlights above each door at street level and coloured glass into the sidelights of the front door. Each house has two sets of staircases connecting the two floor levels; one internal and the other external. The internal staircase has been entirely reconstructed however the external staircase at the rear contains some original fabric at its upper reaches. The existing kitchen and bathroom fittings and fixtures were all introduced at the time of renovation.^[1]

At the rear of each property is a large gabled timber garage with loft above. The structures were constructed in 1990. Access to the garages is via a common driveway located between the two pairs of residences.^[1]

Heritage listing

Brighton Terrace was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992 having satisfied the following criteria.^[1]

The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history.

Brighton Terrace, completed in 1890, is important for its ability to visually demonstrate an unusual response to the Undue Subdivision of Land Prevention Act of 1885 had on the built environment of Brisbane during the boom of the late 1880s.^[1]

The place demonstrates rare, uncommon or endangered aspects of Queensland's cultural heritage.

This particular response, which involved the speculative construction of an identical pair of semi-detached houses built in timber on two separate allotments, was comparatively rare in Brisbane.^[1]

The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places.

The terrace is important as an example of multi dwelling construction that was uncommon in Brisbane in the late nineteenth century.^[1]

The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.

The residences are of considerable aesthetic significance for their strong contribution to the streetscape, currently enhanced by their coordinated colour scheme and detailing.^[1]

Related Research Articles

Mount St Mary's Convent is a heritage-listed Roman Catholic convent at 50 Grove Street, Toowong, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1885 to c. 1918. It is also known as Goldicott. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 26 November 1998.

Cook Terrace is a heritage-listed terrace house at 249 Coronation Drive, Milton, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1888 to c. 1900. It is also known as Gloralgar Flats and Milton Terrace. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Eskgrove is a heritage-listed detached house at 56 Laidlaw Parade, East Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1853 onwards. It is also known as Eskgrove Cottage and Grey Eagles. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Astrea is a heritage-listed duplex (building) at 19 Bank Street, West End, Queensland, Australia. It was built c. 1888 for Fedder Jensen. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

The Michael Gannon residence is a heritage-listed holiday home at 150 Kingsley Terrace, Manly, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was built c. 1888. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 27 October 2000.

Conon is a heritage-listed detached house at 29 Conon Street, Lutwyche, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was built in 1863. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Killila is a heritage-listed detached house at 100 Stoneleigh Street, Lutwyche, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was built c. 1885. It is also known as Killila Cottage. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 1 October 2003.

Cross Terrace is a heritage-listed terrace house at 44-50 Cairns Terrace, Red Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was built from c. 1887 to c. 1888. It is also known as Cairns Terrace. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Warriston is a heritage-listed duplex at 6-8 Musgrave Road, Red Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was built c. 1886. It is also known as Berley Flats. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

St Brigid's Convent is a heritage-listed Roman Catholic convent at 9-17 Upper Clifton Terrace, Red Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Eaton & Bates and built from 1902 to 1923. It is also known as Convent of the Annuciation and Red Hill Convent. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 28 March 2003.

Julius Street Flats is a heritage-listed group of seven apartment blocks at 15 Julius Street, New Farm, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. They were built from 1934 to early 1950s. The apartment blocks are called Ardrossan, Green Gables, Julius Lodge, Syncarpia, Ainslie, Pine Lodge and Evelyn Court. They were added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 4 August 1997.

McWhinneys Brick Cottage is a heritage-listed cottage at 47-55 Birley Street, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was built in the 1860s for Thomas McWhinney. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 23 February 2001.

Lonsdale House is a heritage-listed detached house at 283 Boundary Street, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1860s circa to 1950s circa. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 27 August 1999.

Victoria Flats is a heritage-listed apartment block at 369 Gregory Terrace, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by architect Thomas Blair Moncrieff Wightman and built c. 1922 by Cheesman & Bull. It is also known as Kilroe's Flats and Morella, Carinyah, Lumtah and Neerim. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 30 March 2001.

Grangehill is a heritage-listed detached house at 449 & 451 Gregory Terrace, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was built in the early 1860s for Alexander Raff. It is also known as Grange Hill and St Teresa's Church Discalced Carmelite Priory & Retreat Centre. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 6 September 1995.

Mountview House is a heritage-listed detached house at 37 Leichhardt Street, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was originally built in the 1860s with a new wing added in 1882 designed by Andrea Stombuco. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 13 May 2004.

Bellmount is a heritage-listed detached house at 71 St Pauls Terrace, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was built from c. 1880 to c. 1900. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Toronto is a heritage-listed detached house at 30 Quarry Street, Ipswich, City of Ipswich, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1863 onwards. It is also known as Devonshire Cottage. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

The William Berry residence is a heritage-listed detached house at 1 Burnett Street, West Ipswich, City of Ipswich, Queensland, Australia. It was built c. 1874. It is also known as William Berry residence. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

Aldborough is a heritage-listed villa at 25 Deane Street, Charters Towers, Charters Towers Region, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by William Henry Allan Munro and built in 1900 by Thomas Barry O'Meara. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 14 August 2008.

References

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 "Brighton Terrace (entry 600343)". Queensland Heritage Register . Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 1 August 2014.

Attribution

This Wikipedia article was originally based on "The Queensland heritage register" published by the State of Queensland under CC-BY 3.0 AU licence (accessed on 7 July 2014, archived on 8 October 2014). The geo-coordinates were originally computed from the "Queensland heritage register boundaries" published by the State of Queensland under CC-BY 3.0 AU licence (accessed on 5 September 2014, archived on 15 October 2014).

External links

Media related to Brighton Terrace at Wikimedia Commons

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

[qhr-1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 "Brighton Terrace (entry 600343)". Queensland Heritage Register . Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 1 August 2014.