Related Research Articles
In jurisprudence,double jeopardy is a procedural defence that prevents an accused person from being tried again on the same charges following an acquittal or conviction and in rare cases prosecutorial and/or judge misconduct in the same jurisdiction. Double jeopardy is a common concept in criminal law –in civil law,a similar concept is that of res judicata. The double jeopardy protection in criminal prosecutions bars only an identical prosecution for the same offence except when the defendant is a servicemember as the courts have ruled that the military courts are a separate sovereign,therefore servicemembers can be held in two separate trials for the exact same charges;however,a different offence may be charged on identical evidence at a second trial. Res judicata protection is stronger –it precludes any causes of action or claims that arise from a previously litigated subject matter.
The Director of Public Prosecutions (DPP) is the office or official charged with the prosecution of criminal offences in several criminal jurisdictions around the world. The title is used mainly in jurisdictions that are or have been members of the Commonwealth of Nations.
A prosecutor is a legal representative of the prosecution in states with either the adversarial system,which is adopted in common law,or inquisitorial system,which is adopted in civil law. The prosecution is the legal party responsible for presenting the case in a criminal trial against the defendant,an individual accused of breaking the law. Typically,the prosecutor represents the state or the government in the case brought against the accused person.
David Milgaard was a Canadian man who was wrongfully convicted for the 1969 rape and murder of nursing student Gail Miller in Saskatoon and imprisoned for 23 years. He was eventually released and exonerated. Up until his death,he lived in Alberta and was employed as a community support worker. Milgaard was also a public speaker who advocated for the wrongfully convicted and for all prisoners' rights.
Joseph Antonio Charles Lamer was a Canadian lawyer and jurist who served as the 16th Chief Justice of Canada from 1990 to 2000.
The Guildford Four and Maguire Seven were two groups of people,mostly Northern Irish,who were wrongly convicted in English courts in 1975 and 1976 of the Guildford pub bombings of 5 October 1974 and the Woolwich pub bombing of 7 November 1974. All the convictions were eventually overturned in 1989 and 1991 after long campaigns for justice,and the cases,along with those of the Birmingham Six,diminished public confidence in the English criminal justice system.
Victor Toews is a Canadian politician and jurist. Toews is a justice of the Court of King's Bench of Manitoba. He represented Provencher in the House of Commons of Canada from 2000 until his resignation on July 9,2013,and served in the cabinet of Prime Minister Stephen Harper,most recently as Minister of Public Safety. He previously served in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1995 to 1999,and was a senior cabinet minister in the government of Gary Filmon. Prior to his appointment to the judiciary,Toews was a member of the Conservative Party of Canada.
James Patrick Driskell is a Canadian born in Winnipeg who was wrongfully convicted of the murder of Perry Harder in 1991.
Hersh Wolch was a prominent Canadian lawyer,born in Winnipeg,Manitoba.
Innocence Canada,is a Canadian legal non-profit organization. Based in Toronto,Innocence Canada identifies,advocates for,and helps exonerate wrongly convicted individuals. The organization is also dedicated to preventing future wrongful convictions through education and criminal justice reform. Since its founding in 1993,Innocence Canada has helped to exonerate twenty-nine individuals.
David Harold Eastman is a former public servant from Canberra,Australia. In 1995,he was wrongfully convicted of the murder of Australian Federal Police Assistant Commissioner Colin Winchester and was sentenced to life imprisonment without parole. A 2014 judicial inquiry recommended the sentence be quashed and he should be pardoned. On 22 August of the same year,the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory quashed the conviction,released Eastman from prison,and ordered a retrial.
Albert Clements Killam, was a Canadian lawyer,politician,judge,railway commissioner,and Puisne judge of the Supreme Court of Canada. He was the first judge from Western Canada to be appointed to the Supreme Court.
The criminal law of Canada is under the exclusive legislative jurisdiction of the Parliament of Canada. The power to enact criminal law is derived from section 91(27) of the Constitution Act,1867. Most criminal laws have been codified in the Criminal Code,as well as the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act,Youth Criminal Justice Act and several other peripheral statutes.
The Provincial Court of Manitoba is the lower trial court of the Province of Manitoba. It has mainly a criminal jurisdiction,as well as limited concurrent jurisdiction with the Court of King's Bench in matters of family law that originate outside of Winnipeg.
Manitoba Justice,or the Department of Justice,is the provincial government department responsible for administering the Crown Law justice systems in the province of Manitoba.
A private prosecution is a criminal proceeding initiated by an individual private citizen or private organisation instead of by a public prosecutor who represents the state. Private prosecutions are allowed in many jurisdictions under common law,but have become less frequent in modern times as most prosecutions are now handled by professional public prosecutors instead of private individuals who retain barristers.
The University of Manitoba,Faculty of Law is the law school located in Winnipeg,Manitoba,Canada. It is on the university's Fort Garry campus. The Faculty is located within the Robson Hall building,named after one of the two founders of the law school,Hugh Amos Robson.
The Commission on Proceedings Involving Guy Paul Morin—known as the Kaufman Commission or the Morin Inquiry—was a 1996 royal commission appointed by the Government of Ontario to address the wrongful conviction in 1992 of Guy Paul Morin for the murder of Christine Jessop on 3 October 1984,for which he was exonerated by DNA evidence on 23 January 1995.
Paul D.K. Fraser was a Canadian lawyer from British Columbia. He served as the Conflict Commissioner for the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia as well as the president of the Canadian Bar Association (1981–1982),the Commonwealth Lawyers Association (1993–1996),and of the Canadian section of the International Commission of Jurists. He also chaired a review of pornography and prostitution laws for the government of Canada.
The New Zealand Criminal Cases Review Commission is an independent Crown entity that was set up under the Criminal Cases Review Commission Act 2019 to investigate potential miscarriages of justice. If the Commission considers a miscarriage may have occurred,it can refer the case back to the Court of Appeal to be reconsidered.
References
- 1 2 3 "Biography: Bruce MacFarlane". Driskell Inquiry.[ permanent dead link ]
- 1 2 "Organizing Committee Biographies" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-08-20. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
- ↑ "Welcome". Commission of Inquiry into the Investigation of the Bombing of Air India Flight 182.[ not specific enough to verify ]
- 1 2 "Biography". Archived from the original on 2008-07-02. Retrieved 2008-06-28.