Cameroonian presidential election, 2011

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Cameroonian presidential election, 2011
Flag of Cameroon.svg
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  Paul Biya 2014.png GedFruNdi.JPG
Nominee Paul Biya John Fru Ndi
Party RDPC SDF
Popular vote3,772,527518,175
Percentage77.99%10.71%
President before election

Paul Biya
RDPC

Elected President

Paul Biya
RDPC

Presidential elections were held in Cameroon on 9 October 2011. Incumbent President Paul Biya stood for another term after a constitutional amendment passed in 2008 eliminated term limits. Biya was re-elected with 78% of the vote.

Cameroon Republic in West Africa

Cameroon, officially the Republic of Cameroon, is a country in Central Africa. It is bordered by Nigeria to the west and north; Chad to the northeast; the Central African Republic to the east; and Equatorial Guinea, Gabon and the Republic of the Congo to the south. Cameroon's coastline lies on the Bight of Biafra, part of the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean. Although Cameroon is not an ECOWAS member state, it geographically and historically is in West Africa with the Southern Cameroons which now form her Northwest and Southwest Regions having a strong West African history. The country is sometimes identified as West African and other times as Central African due to its strategic position at the crossroads between West and Central Africa.

Paul Biya Cameroonian politician

Paul Biya is a Cameroonian politician serving as the President of Cameroon since 6 November 1982.

Contents

Background

Some opposition demands regarding voting rights for the diaspora were met before the election, when lawmakers passed an amendment to the electoral law in July 2011. [1]

Candidates

Long-time opposition leader John Fru Ndi also stood as a candidate in the election. [2] [3] Fifty other people submitted paperwork to ELECAM, the electoral commission, seeking to stand as presidential candidates. [3] Observers viewed the opposition as anemic and expected Biya to easily win re-election. [4]

John Fru Ndi Cameroonian politician

Ni John Fru Ndi is a Cameroonian politician. He founded the Social Democratic Front (SDF), the main opposition party in Cameroon, in 1990, and he has led the party since then.

Daniel Soh Fone of the United Socialist Party withdrew before the election, giving his support to Biya. [5]

Conduct

The United States Ambassador to Cameroon, Robert P. Jackson and former colonial power France have criticized the election, citing irregularities. [6] Several political parties claimed they would challenge the results. [7]

Robert P. Jackson American diplomat

Robert Porter Jackson is an American foreign service officer and diplomat. He is a career member of the Senior Foreign Service with the rank of Minister-Counselor. From 2013 to 2015 he was Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs. He was the United States Ambassador to Cameroon. Prior to that he was Deputy Chief of Mission and Chargé d'Affaires, a.i., at the U.S. Embassies in Morocco and Senegal. Mr. Jackson has also served as Director of the Office for the Promotion of Human Rights and Democracy; Coordinator of the Entry-Level Officer Training Program; and Country Officer for Botswana, Nigeria and Zimbabwe. His other overseas postings include Burundi, Canada, Côte d'Ivoire, Portugal and Zimbabwe. He received his B.A. from Bowdoin College, his M.A. from The George Washington University's Elliott School of International Affairs and his M.S. from National Defense University.

France Republic with mainland in Europe and numerous oversea territories

France, officially the French Republic, is a country whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe and several overseas regions and territories. The metropolitan area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. It is bordered by Belgium, Luxembourg and Germany to the northeast, Switzerland and Italy to the east, and Andorra and Spain to the south. The overseas territories include French Guiana in South America and several islands in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans. The country's 18 integral regions span a combined area of 643,801 square kilometres (248,573 sq mi) and a total population of 67.3 million. France, a sovereign state, is a unitary semi-presidential republic with its capital in Paris, the country's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre. Other major urban areas include Lyon, Marseille, Toulouse, Bordeaux, Lille and Nice.

The mission Chief of the African Union's Observer Mission in Cameroon, former Prime Minister of Mali Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta stated in his report that the African Union judges found the vote to be "free, transparent and credible". [8] [9] La Francophonie and the Commonwealth also praised the election. Fred Mitchell, former Foreign Minister of The Bahamas, led the Commonwealth mission to Cameroon; he said that there were no signs that people were coerced to vote and the election was conducted peacefully. [10]

African Union Supranational union

The African Union (AU) is a continental union consisting of 55 member states located on the continent of Africa, with exception of various territories of European possessions located in Africa. The bloc was founded on 26 May 2001 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and launched on 9 July 2002 in South Africa. The intention of the AU is to replace the Organisation of African Unity (OAU), established on 25 May 1963 in Addis Ababa by 32 signatory governments. The most important decisions of the AU are made by the Assembly of the African Union, a semi-annual meeting of the heads of state and government of its member states. The AU's secretariat, the African Union Commission, is based in Addis Ababa.

Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta Malian Prime Minister

Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta, or as he is often known, IBK, is a Malian politician who has been President of Mali since 2013. Previously he was Prime Minister of Mali from 1994 to 2000 and President of the National Assembly of Mali from 2002 to 2007. He founded a political party, Rally for Mali (RPM), in 2001. He was elected as President in the July–August 2013 presidential election and sworn in on 4 September 2013.

Organisation internationale de la Francophonie intergovernmental organization

The Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF), generally known as the Francophonie, but also called International Organisation of the Francophonie in English language context, is an international organization representing countries and regions where French is a lingua franca or customary language, where a significant proportion of the population are francophones, or where there is a notable affiliation with French culture.

Results

CandidatePartyVotes%
Paul Biya Cameroon People's Democratic Movement 3,772,52777.99
John Fru Ndi Ni Social Democratic Front 518,17510.71
Garga Haman Adji Alliance for Democracy and Development 155,3483.21
Adamou Ndam Njoya Cameroon Democratic Union 83,8601.73
Paul Abine Ayah People's Action Party61,1581.26
Edith Kahbang WallaCameroon People's Party34,6390.72
Albert DzongangDynamic for National Renaissance26,3960.55
Jean de Dieu MomoDemocrat Patriots for the Development of Cameroon23,7910.49
Jean-Jacques Ekindi Progressive Movement 21,5930.45
Bernard Muna Alliance of Progressive Forces18,4440.38
Esther DangBloc for the Reconstruction and Economic Independence of Cameroon15,7750.33
Olivier Anicet BiléUnion for Fraternity and Prosperity15,2020.31
Anicet EkaneAfrican Movement for New Independence and Democracy11,0810.23
Victorin Hameni BieuleuUnion of Democratic Forces of Cameroon10,6150.22
Fritz Pierre NgoMovement of Cameroonian Ecologists9,2590.19
Jean NjeungaUnited Front of Cameroon9,2190.19
Isaac FeuzeuMovement for the Emergence and Rise of Citizen9,2160.19
Hubert KamgangUnion of African Populations8,2500.17
Simon Pierre Atangana NsoeGreat Cameroon8,0320.17
Marcus LontouoCameroonian National Congress7,8750.16
George Dobgima NyamndiSocial Liberal Congress5,9250.12
Joachim Tabi OwonoAction for Meritocracy and Equal Opportunities5,7950.12
Daniel Soh FoneUnited Socialist Party5,0740.10
Invalid/blank votes114,185–
Total4,951,434100
Registered voters/turnout7,251,65168.20
Source: African Elections Database

Aftermath

Biya was sworn in for another term as President in a ceremony held at the National Assembly on 3 November. [11]

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References

  1. ↑ Scott Stearns, Some diaspora cleared to cast ballots in Cameroon election VOA News, 13 July 2011
  2. ↑ "Cameroon's Biya to seek re-election in October polls", Agence France-Presse, 4 September 2011.
  3. 1 2 "Casalammmeroon leader, 51 others seek presidency", VOA News, 5 September 2011.
  4. ↑ Anne Look, "Cameroon's longtime leader to seek re-election in October", VOA News, 5 September 2011.
  5. ↑ "Cameroon: As polling continues, a candidate gives Biya support". WADR. 9 October 2011. Retrieved 6 November 2011.
  6. ↑ "Turnout Low in Cameroon Presidential Poll". Voice of America. 8 October 2011. Retrieved 31 October 2012.
  7. ↑ "Presidential elections in Cameroon: claims of irregularities | Radio Netherlands Worldwide". Rnw.nl. 10 October 2011. Retrieved 6 November 2011.
  8. ↑ Pius Lukong (21 October 2011). "Cameroon's President Biya Wins Vote, Extending 29-Year Rule". Bloomberg News. Retrieved 31 October 2012.
  9. ↑ Fon Mndere (14 October 2011). "Inch'Allah Opposition delivers Cameroon to Biya on a Platter of silver". Afrik-News. Retrieved 31 October 2012.
  10. ↑ Divine Ntaryike, Douala, Cameroon (16 October 2011). "Cameroon's Polls: Praised by International Observers; Condemned by Opposition | West Africa | English". Voanews.com. Retrieved 6 November 2011.
  11. ↑ "Biya sworn in again vowing to 'transform' Cameroon", AFP, 3 November 2011.
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