Caras y Caretas is a weekly magazine of Argentina published from 1898 to 1941 in its first period of existence. There was a previous version published in Uruguay between 1890 and 1897. Caras y Caretas was relaunched in 2005 under the direction of historian Felipe Pigna,[1] having been published since then.
The Caras y Caretas was founded in Montevideo in 1890. Its main features were political satire, humour and topical issues, visually displayed through cartoons and photographs.[2] Eustaquio Pellicer (associated with French artist Charles Schütz)[3] was the director since its first number (dated 20 July 1890) until #144. At the invitation of Argentine journalist Bartolomé Mitre Vedia, Pellicer moved to Buenos Aires, establishing the Argentine edition of the magazine there. The first number (released 19 August 1898) had 24 pages.[1]
Portrait of Domingo Sarmiento painted by his granddaughter, Eugenia, on the cover of #2084 (1938).
Caras y Caretas was very popular during its first years of existence, with Mitre y Vedia as director, Pellicer as writer and Spanish artist Manuel Mayol as artist, doing most of the covers and interior illustrations for the magazine.[2]José Sixto Alvarez (mostly known for its nickname Fray Mocho) was one of the most frequent collaborators from 1898 until his death in 1903.[2] Since 1924 Caras y Caretas published short tales from local writers, such as Roberto Payró, Arturo Capdevila, Carrizo and Gálvez.[1]
Some of the prestigious cartoonists that worked for the magazine were Manuel Mayol, Julio Málaga Grenet, José María Cao Luaces,[4] Lino Palacio (who published his first work in the magazine in 1912),[5] Jorge Argerich, Dante Quinterno, Alejandro Sirio, Hermenegildo Sábat Lleó, among others.[6][7]
Uruguayan writer Horacio Quiroga published his first tales in Caras y Caretas.[8][2] Quiroga not only wrote short tales but film reviews.[9][10]
In 1941 Caras y Caretas ceased to be published although the magazine would have two brief revivals in 1953 and 1982.[1] In 1982 the magazine had a brief stint during the Malvinas Islands War. Some of the artists gave their contributions to the magazine were Miguel Rep,[11] Gerardo Canelo,[12]Enrique Pinti,[13] Geno Díaz,[14] and writers Oscar Bevilacqua, Fermín Chávez, Miguel Grinberg, Marco Denevi, Bernardo Kordon, Roberto Mero, Helvio Botana, Eugenio Mandrini and Jorge Claudio Morhain.[11]
During months of October and November 2004 the Illustration Museum of Buenos Aires held an exhibition named "Caras y Caretas: its illustrators" in the National Library, where about 150 original pieces by more than 40 artists were exhibited.[15] A second event was held in 2006 in the Feria del Libro of Buenos Aires.[16]
In July 2005 a relaunch of Caras y Caretas was released, directed by historian Felipe Pigna and published by "Fundación Octubre", a company of Suterh, the union of building workers of Argentina.[17] The first number of the new era was a success, selling the total of 50,000 copies put into circulation. By 2008 Caras y Caretas sold an average of 29,000 copies per week.[1]
Horacio Silvestre Quiroga Forteza was a Uruguayan playwright, poet, and short story writer.
Felipe Pigna is an Argentine historian and writer. He is among the best-selling authors from Argentina.
Enrique Pinti was an Argentine actor and comedian.
Alfonsina Storni was an Argentine poet and playwright of the modernist period.
Fray Mocho was the pen name for the Argentine writer and journalist José Ciriaco Alvarez. He moved to Buenos Aires first in 1876 and then again to stay in 1879 at the age of 21. He was known to his friends as "Mocho" (blunt) and later added the title "Fray". He wrote for several newspapers including El Nacional, La Pampa, La Patria Argentina, and La Razón. He also wrote for magazines such as the short-lived Fray Gerundio, El Ateneo and La Colmena Artística. He wrote essays about life in Buenos Aires in the latter part of the 19th century, including Esmeraldas (polished), Cuentos Mundanos, La vida de los ladrones célebres de Buenos Aires y sus maneras de robar and Memorias de un Vigilante. In 1898 he wrote the book En el Mar Austral.
Roberto Jorge Payró was an Argentine writer and journalist.
Ricardo Güiraldes was an Argentine novelist and poet, one of the most significant Argentine writers of his era, particularly known for his 1926 novel Don Segundo Sombra, set amongst the gauchos.
Argentine comics are one of the most important comic traditions internationally, and the most important within Latin America, living its "Golden Age" between the 1940s and the 1960s. Soon after, in 1970, the theorist Oscar Masotta synthesized its contributions in the development of their own models of action comics, humor comics and folkloric comics and the presence of other artists.
Noé Jitrik was an Argentine literary critic.
Luis (Leopoldo) Franco was an Argentine autodidact, a self-made intellectual, essayist, and poet.
Rico Tipo was a weekly Argentine comic magazine that appeared from late 1944 until 1972, founded and directed by Guillermo Divito. It was among the main comic magazines in Argentina, others being Patoruzú and Satiricón. Rico Tipo was much more successful, adapting to changing tastes through a period of 36 years.
Horacio Fidel Cardo was a painter and illustrator from Argentina.
Jorge Muscia is a plastic artist and ‘fileteado’ instructor with over 30 years of experience in his field. Muscia, also known as the Fileteador of Tango, distinguishes himself for being a force in the revival of this old style of painting and for being a renowned instructor and promoter of the art of the filete in Argentina and the world.
María Luisa Carnelli was an Argentine writer, poet, and journalist. Carnelli was known for her tango lyrics.
Instituto Americano de Ecatepec De Morelos is a Mexican educational establishment, Founded by Ruben Manriquez Pliego.
Francisco Reynolds was an Argentine military man who served as Inspector general of artillery, General staff Assistant and Director of the National Military College of Argentina.
Fray Mocho was an Argentine weekly magazine that published general interest topics. Its first number was published on May 3, 1912, with historian and journalist Carlos Correa Luna being its first director. Fray Mocho's staff included former collaborators of Caras y Caretas who had left the magazine in disagreement with its editorial line.
Marcelino Ugarte (1855–1929) was an Argentine jurist and politician, who served for two terms as governor of the Province of Buenos Aires. He also served as deputy and national senator for the Province of Buenos Aires.
Delfina Manuela Molina y Vedia de Bastianini was an Argentine chemist, writer, teacher, painter, and singer. She was the first woman to graduate from the Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences at the University of Buenos Aires (UBA).
Carla Vizzotti is an Argentine physician specialized in vaccine-preventable diseases. She was the Secretary of Health Access and Vice Minister of Health in Argentina's Health Ministry, working under Minister Ginés González García, until February 2021. She has been Minister of Health since 20 February 2021, following González García's resignation.
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