Castle of Simancas

Last updated
Castle of Simancas
Simancas - Castillo y Archivo General 01.jpg
Castle de Simancas
Castle of Simancas
General information
Town or city Simancas, Province of Valladolid, Castile and León
Country Spain
Coordinates 41°35′31″N4°49′44″W / 41.59194°N 4.82889°W / 41.59194; -4.82889
Current tenants Archivo General de Simancas
Construction startedlate 15th Cent
Renovated1952

The Castle of Simancas (also known as Simancas Castle) is a fortified complex in Simancas, central Spain. The castle stands in the center of town and houses the current Archivo General de Simancas. [1] [2]

Contents

History

The castle at the beginning of the 20th century. Fundacion Joaquin Diaz - Castillo. Archivo Historico General - Simancas (Valladolid) (3).jpg
The castle at the beginning of the 20th century.

The site of the castle was at one time a Moorish fortress. In the 15th century the House of Enríquez constructed a new fortification on top of the existing ruins, restored the Moorish walls, and added a chapel. The new castle was seized by the Spanish Crown during the reign of the Catholic Monarchs and turned into a prison. In 1540 the Archivo General de Simancas was established in the castle, the first official archive of Castile. Felipe II transformed the castle into General Archive of the Kingdom, which housed one of the most important archives in Europe with 35 million documents.

The castle was put under the protection of the Spanish government in 1949. In 1952 renovations were enacted to reduce risk to the archives. [3] [4] The castle is now open to tourists and researchers.

Fortification and structure

Aerial view of the castle, year 2023. Archivo General de Simancas, panoramica.jpg
Aerial view of the castle, year 2023.

The castle's foundation, walls, battlements, gates, and bridges all date back to the late 15th century, mostly attributed from 1467 to 1480. The end of the Reconquista in 1492 ended the immediate need for a large defensive fortification, and as such the castle's various reconstructions moulded it into an administrative building. Later additions to the castle incorporate aspects of the Herrerian style of architecture. [1]

The current archive housed within the castle has been protected with fireproofing measures, and the 15th-century chapel built by the Enríquez has been restored. [5]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Simancas</span> Municipality in Castile and León, Spain

Simancas is a town and municipality of central Spain, located in the province of Valladolid, part of the autonomous community of Castile and León. It is situated approximately 10 km southwest of the provincial capital Valladolid, on the road to Zamora and the right bank of the river Pisuerga.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arcos de la Frontera</span> Municipality in Andalusia, Spain

Arcos de la Frontera is a town and municipality in the Sierra de Cádiz comarca, province of Cádiz, in Andalusia, Spain. It is located on the northern, western and southern banks of the Guadalete river, which flows around three sides of the city under towering vertical cliffs, to Jerez and on to the Bay of Cádiz. The town commands a fine vista atop a sandstone ridge, from which the peak of San Cristóbal and the Guadalete Valley can be seen. The town gained its name by being the frontier of Spain's 13th-century battle with the Moors.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Moguer</span> Municipality and city in Andalusia, Spain

Moguer is a municipality and small city located in the province of Huelva, Andalusia, Spain. According to the 2022 census, it has a population of 22,623. Its surface area is 204 square kilometres (79 sq mi), and its population density is 106.36 per square kilometre (275.5/sq mi).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aracena</span> Place in Andalusia, Spain

Aracena is a town and municipality located in the province of Huelva, south-western Spain. As of 2012, the city has a population of 7,814 inhabitants. The town derived its name from the Sierra de Aracena, which is part of the Sierra Morena system.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alcazaba of Málaga</span> Palatial fortification in Málaga, Spain

The Alcazaba is a palatial fortification in Málaga, Spain, built during the period of Muslim-ruled Al-Andalus. The current complex was begun in the 11th century and was modified or rebuilt multiple times up to the 14th century. It is one of the best-preserved alcazabas in Spain. The Alcazaba is also connected by a walled corridor to the higher Castle of Gibralfaro, and adjacent to the entrance of the Alcazaba are remnants of a Roman theatre dating to the 1st century AD.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alcázar of Segovia</span> Castle in Spain

The Alcazar of Segovia is a medieval castle located in the city of Segovia, in Castile and León, Spain. It has existed since at least the 12th century, and is one of the most renowned medieval castles globally and one of the most visited landmarks in Spain. It has been the backdrop for significant historical events and has been home to twenty-two kings, along with notable historical figures.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ciudad Colonial (Santo Domingo)</span> Historic district in Dominican Republic

Ciudad Colonial is the historic central neighborhood of the Dominican Republic's capital Santo Domingo. It is the oldest continuously inhabited European-established settlement in the Americas. The area has been declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. It is also known as Zona Colonial or more colloquially as "La Zona".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sos del Rey Católico</span> Place in Aragon, Spain

Sos del Rey Católico is a historic town and municipality in the Cinco Villas comarca, province of Zaragoza, in Aragon, Spain.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">National Archives of Chile</span>

The National Archives of Chile is a public organization of the Chilean state, created in 1927 with the goal to "collect and conserve the archives of the Departments of State and all the documents and manucsrpits related to the national history, and to oversee their organization and use". It is treated as a dependent organization of the Dirección de Bibliotecas, Archivos y Museos, which is administered by the Consejo Nacional de la Cultura y las Artes de Chile.

<i>Archivo General de Simancas</i> Cultural property in Simancas, Spain

The General Archive of Simancas is an official archive located in the Castle of Simancas, in the town of Simancas, province of Valladolid, Castile and León, Spain. It was founded in 1540, making this the first official archive of the Crown of Castile.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Málaga Cathedral</span> Church in Málaga, Spain

The Cathedral of Málaga is a Roman Catholic church in the city of Málaga in Andalusia in southern Spain. It is in the Renaissance architectural tradition. The cathedral is located within the limits defined by a now missing portion of the medieval Moorish walls, the remains of which surround the nearby Alcazaba and the Castle of Gibralfaro. It was constructed between 1528 and 1782, following the plans drawn by Diego de Siloe; its interior is also in Renaissance style.

<i>Lugares colombinos</i>

The Lugares colombinos is a tourist route in the Spanish province Huelva, which includes several places that have special relevance to the preparation and realization of the first voyage of Cristopher Columbus. That voyage is widely considered to constitute the discovery of the Americas by Europeans. It was declared a conjunto histórico artístico by a Spanish law of 1967.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">General Archive of the Crown of Aragon</span>

The General Archive of the Crown of Aragon, originally Royal Archives of Barcelona, is an archive containing the background documents of the institutions of the former Crown of Aragon and currently also contains other historical resources.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">National Historical Archive (Spain)</span>

The National Historical Archive of Spain is based in Serrano Street in Madrid. It was founded in the nineteenth century when it shared a building with the Real Academía de la Historia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Santa María de la Cabeza castle</span> Colonial castle in Cumaná, Venezuela

Santa María de la Cabeza castle is a colonial castle built in the seventeenth century by the Spanish monarchy in the center of the city of Cumaná, Venezuela. It was built as a replacement for the San Antonio de la Eminencia castle. Its construction was ordered by Sancho Fernando de Angulo y Sandoval, governor of the Province of Cumaná. The building was designed using the trace italienne style popular during the seventeenth century, with a proportional geometric floor design. Bastions were used as the main defensive elements. The castle housed a garrison of 250 soldiers, and was the seat of government for the Province of Cumaná.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Route of the Borgias</span>

The Route of the Borgias is a cultural route, that includes sites associated with the Borja or Borgia, located in their native Valencian Community, Spain. The marketing of the route was inaugurated in 2007.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hacienda Chenché de las Torres</span> Private Residence in Yucatán, Mexico

Hacienda Chenché de las Torres is located in the Temax Municipality in the state of Yucatán in southeastern Mexico. It is one of the properties that arose during the nineteenth century henequen boom, and was owned by Álvaro Peón de Regil y Joaquina Peón Castellanos, the Count and Countess of Miraflores.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Castillo de Coca</span> Castle in Castile and Leon

The Castle of Coca is a castle located in the Coca municipality, central Spain. The castle was constructed in the 15th century and has been considered to be one of the best examples of Spanish Mudejar brickwork which incorporates Moorish Muslim design and construction with Gothic architecture. A scale model of the castle has been built in the Mudéjar theme park and another replica built at a ratio of 1:25 is placed in the Minimundus miniature park in Klagenfurt, Austria.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peniscola Castle</span> Castle in Peniscola, Castellón, Valencian Community, Spain

Peniscola Castle is a castle in Peniscola, Castellón, Valencian Community, Spain. The castle is restored and is open to the public.

References

  1. 1 2 "Castle of Simancas". Official Portal of Tourism. Junta de Castilla y Leon. Retrieved 2017-05-20.
  2. "Home Page of the Archivo General de Simancas (General Archive of Simancas) - General Archive of Simancas - Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte". www.mecd.gob.es (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2017-06-08. Retrieved 2017-05-20.
  3. GONZÁLEZ AMEZÚA, Agustín, "The General Archive of Simancas and the history of Spain" Archived 2011-12-28 at the Wayback Machine , in National Education Magazine nº 54 , 1945, pp. 11-30
  4. Francisco Rodríguez Marín, ed. (1916). "Archivo General de Simancas". Guia histórica y descriptiva de los archivos, bibliotecas y museos arqueológicos de España (in Spanish). Madrid: Tipografia de la Revista de archivos, bibliotecas y museos. pp. 129+.
  5. "Decreto de 22 de abril de 1949 sobre protección de los castillos españoles". Archived from the original on 2008-12-02. Retrieved 2017-05-20.