Chand Sultan

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Chand Sultan
'Raja'
Chand Sultan.jpg
Chand Sultan
King of Nagpur
Reign1706-1739
Predecessor Bakht Buland Shah (1668-1706)
SuccessorWali Shah
Died1739
SpousesChand Bibi [1] (not to be confused with the warrior queen Chand Bibi)
Issue Wali Shah, [2] [3] Burhan Shah, Akbar Shah
House Gonds of Deogarh
Dynasty Rajgond
Father Bakht Buland Shah

Chand Sultan (1706-1739) [4] was a Gond king of Nagpur. He was the eldest son and successor of Bakht Buland Shah of Deogarh. He ascended the throne of Deogarh in 1706 and shifted his capital from Deogarh to Nagpur. [4] [5] [6] He carried out further reforms in his kingdom and planned layout of the new city of Nagpur and under him, the kingdom prospered. [4] He was a kind ruler who loved his people and extended his territory considerably to the east of the river Wainganga. [7]

He constructed the famous Jumma Talao that had in-built steps & also provided water supply to the city of Nagpur. He also built a wall around the entire city, [7] stretching almost 3 miles and having five solid gates. He constructed his fortress at Mahal, the oldest part of Nagpur, surrounded by a wall 3km/5km [8] long. [6] The Jumma Gate still stands today, renamed as the Gandhi Gate. [9]

Succession

After his death in 1739, [4] there were quarrels over the succession, leading to the throne being usurped by Wali Shah, [7] [10] [1] an illegitimate son of Chand Sultan by a non-gond woman. [3] [2] [7] [11] Chand Sultan's widow invoked the aid of the Maratha leader Raghuji Bhonsle of Berar in the interest of her sons Akbar Shah and Burhan Shah. Wali Shah was put to death and the rightful heirs placed on the throne. Raghoji I Bhonsle was sent back to Berar with a plentiful bounty for his aid. The Maratha general judged that Nagpur must be a plentiful and rich country by the magnificence of his reward. [1] [10] [7]

However, dissensions continued between the brothers and once again, the elder brother Burhan Shah requested the aid of Raghuji Bhonsle. Akbar Shah was driven into exile and finally poisoned at Hyderabad. However this time, Ragoji Bhonsle did not have the heart to leave such a plentiful and rich country, with it being within his grasp. [10] [7] He declared himself 'protector' of the Gond king. Thus in 1743, Burhan Shah was practically made a state pensionary, with real power being in the hands of the Maratha ruler. After this event the history of the Gond kingdom of Deogarh is not recorded. [4] A series of Maratha rulers came to power following the fall of the Gonds from the throne of Nagpur, starting with Raghoji Bhonsle. [12] [13] Raja Burhan Shah was succeeded by Rahman Shah. He was succeeded by Suleiman Shah, a minor, his nephew and adopted son, succeeded him, just two years before the death of the last Bhonsle king. Suleiman Shah was staunchly loyal to the British government, he was a most humane and generous landlord and a just yet a merciful magistrate. He died on 15 April 1885. [7]

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References

  1. 1 2 3 Thusu, Kidar Nath (1980). Gond Kingdom of Chanda: With Particular Reference to Its Political Structure. Anthropological Survey of India, Government of India.
  2. 1 2 Grant, Sir Charles (1870). The Gazetteer of the Central Provinces of India. Printed at the Education society's Press, Bombay.
  3. 1 2 Deshpande, Y. K. (1950). "Fresh Light on the History of the Gond Rajas of Deogarh". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 13: 231–233. JSTOR   44140920.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Kurup, Ayyappan Madhava (1986). Continuity and Change in a Little Community. Concept Publishing Company.
  5. ↑ "Gond King". Archived from the original on 31 May 2014.
  6. 1 2 Naik, C. D. (2010). Buddhism and Dalits: Social Philosophy and Traditions. Gyan Publishing House. ISBN   978-81-7835-792-8.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Society (MANCHESTER), Northern Central British India (1840). Proceedings of a Public Meeting for the formation of The Northern Central British India Society held in the Corn Exchange, Manchester, on Wednesday evening, August 26th, 1840. Northern Central British India Society.
  8. ↑ Indian Railways. Railway Board. 1997.
  9. ↑ R. V. Russell, ed. Central Provinces Descriptive Gazetteer : Chhindwara District. Vol. A, Descriptive. Bombay: Times Press, 1907. p.30 Google books
  10. 1 2 3 Hunter, William Wilson (1881). Naaf to Rangmagiri. Trübner.
  11. ↑ Deogaonkar, Shashishekhar Gopal (2007). The Gonds of Vidarbha. Concept Publishing Company. ISBN   978-81-8069-474-5.
  12. ↑ "Nagpur – History – People – Art and Culture – Festivals". Nagpur-hotels.com. Archived from the original on 9 May 2017. Retrieved 25 November 2016.
  13. ↑ "Gond King". Archived from the original on 31 May 2014.
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