Chandra Giri

Last updated
Dr. Chandra Prasad Giri
Chandra Headshots-27.png
Giri in 2023
Born (1961-05-13) May 13, 1961 (age 63)
Chimchima, Khotang, Nepal
Nationality American
Alma materAsian Institute of Technology
SpouseTejaswi Giri
ChildrenMedhawi Giri, Ashwat Chandra Giri
AwardsMahendra Vidya Bhusan Nepal, USGS STAR Award, Outstanding Researcher EPA, Distinguished Alumni Award AIT and People with Extraordinary Ability USA
Scientific career
Institutions United States Environmental Protection Agency
Duke University
United States Geological Survey
Columbia University
United Nations Environment Programme
Asian Institute of Technology
Forest Department, Nepal Government, Nepal
Thesis Decision support system for the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal  (1997)
Doctoral advisor Kaew Nualchawee
Other academic advisorsZakir Hussain

Chandra Prasad Giri (born May 13, 1961) is a Nepalese-American author, scientist, and businessman. He specializes in remote sensing and sensor technologies in mapping and monitoring of land cover and mangrove forests. Giri is currently chief of the Sensing and Spatial Analysis branch of the United States Environmental Protection Agency and adjunct professor at Duke University in North Carolina. Prior to this, he worked as senior scientist at the United States Geological Survey, Columbia University, the Asian Institute of Technology, the United Nations Environment Programme, and the Nepal Government. Prior to this he worked as a school teacher at Dangi Secondary School, Dangihat, Morang, Nepal and Dhulabari Secondary School, Dhulabari, Jhapa, Nepal

Contents

His work produced the first, most comprehensive and highest resolution mangrove forest database of the world using earth observation satellite data at 30 meters spatial resolution. [1] The overall goal of his research is to assess the present status and historical dynamics of land cover and land use to describe and quantify patterns, trends, rates, causes, and consequences of both natural and anthropogenic changes from local to global scales. [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]

Early life and education

Giri was born in an extremely remote village in the foothills of Mount Everest in Nepal. His parents were farmers in a rural village called Chimchima in the middle hills of Nepal. In the early years, he was raised by his grandfather Pratap Giri and his mother Rupa Giri. [9]

Books

Giri is the author of the books listed below.

Chandra Giri Landcover.jpg
Chandra Giri
Chandra Giri RsmangroveOne.png
Chandra Giri
Chandra Giri RsmangroveII.png
Chandra Giri

Research

Giri is an expert in the field of mapping and monitoring of mangrove forests. His work focuses on developing new methods to improve scientific understanding of the distribution and dynamics of land cover/mangrove forests. [15] [16] [17] [18] [19]

Song writing

In 2019, Giri co-wrote a Nepali song entitled "timi suna na, timi bujha na" [20]

In March 2020, Giri co-wrote his second Nepali song entitled "Malai Pardeshi Nabhana" [21]

In August 2020, Giri released his third Nepali song entitled "Nache Firiri" [22]

In September, 2020, Giri released his fourth Nepali song (lyrical video) entitled "Sano ra thulo hudaina manchhe, hau hami barabar" [23]

In January, 2021 Giri released his fifth Nepali song entitled "Confuse Chhu" [24]

In December, 2022, Chandra Giri released his sixth Nepali song entitled "Parkhi Baseko Chhu". In this song, Giri is the lyricist and music composer. [25]

In December, 2022, Chandra Giri released his 7th to 16th songs. [26]

Publications

Status and distribution of mangrove forests of the world using earth observation satellite data C Giri, E Ochieng, LL Tieszen, Z Zhu, A Singh, T Loveland, J Masek, ... Global ecology and biogeography 20 (1), 154-159

Finer resolution observation and monitoring of global land cover: First mapping results with Landsat TM and ETM+ data, P Gong, J Wang, L Yu, Y Zhao, Y Zhao, L Liang, Z Niu, X Huang, H Fu, ... International Journal of Remote Sensing 34 (7), 2607-2654

Monitoring mangrove forest dynamics of the Sundarbans in Bangladesh and India using multi-temporal satellite data from 1973 to 2000C Giri, B Pengra, Z Zhu, A Singh, LL Tieszen Estuarine, coastal and shelf science 73 (1-2), 91-100

A comparative analysis of the Global Land Cover 2000 and MODIS land cover data sets C Giri, Z Zhu, B Reed, Remote sensing of environment 94 (1), 123-132

Mangrove forest distributions and dynamics (1975–2005) of the tsunami-affected region of Asia C Giri, Z Zhu, LL Tieszen, A Singh, S Gillette, JA Kelmelis, Journal of Biogeography 35 (3), 519-528

Distribution and dynamics of mangrove forests of South Asia, C Giri, J Long, S Abbas, RM Murali, FM Qamer, B Pengra, D Thau, Journal of environmental management 148, 101-111

A mangrove forest map of China in 2015: Analysis of time series Landsat 7/8 and Sentinel-1A imagery in Google Earth Engine cloud computing platform, B Chen, X Xiao, X Li, L Pan, R Doughty, J Ma, J Dong, Y Qin, B Zhao, ... ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 131, 104-120

Emerging technologies to conserve biodiversity, SL Pimm, S Alibhai, R Bergl, A Dehgan, C Giri, Z Jewell, L Joppa, R Kays, ...Trends in ecology & evolution 30 (11), 685-696

Land cover mapping of North and Central America—global land cover 2000, R Latifovic, ZL Zhu, J Cihlar, C Giri, I Olthof, Remote sensing of environment 89 (1), 116-127

Mapping the Philippines' mangrove forests using Landsat imagery, JB Long, C Giri, Sensors 11 (3), 2972-2981

Next generation of global land cover characterization, mapping, and monitoring, C Giri, B Pengra, J Long, TR Loveland, International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 25, 30-37

Global land cover mapping using Earth observation satellite data: Recent progresses and challenges Y Ban, P Gong, C Giri, ISPRS journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing 103, 1-6

List of his publication can be found at Chandra Giri in Google Scholar [27]

Giri et al. 2011 Mangrove.png
Giri et al. 2011

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Remote sensing</span> Acquisition of information at a significant distance from the subject

Remote sensing is the acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon without making physical contact with the object, in contrast to in situ or on-site observation. The term is applied especially to acquiring information about Earth and other planets. Remote sensing is used in numerous fields, including geophysics, geography, land surveying and most Earth science disciplines. It also has military, intelligence, commercial, economic, planning, and humanitarian applications, among others.

Image analysis or imagery analysis is the extraction of meaningful information from images; mainly from digital images by means of digital image processing techniques. Image analysis tasks can be as simple as reading bar coded tags or as sophisticated as identifying a person from their face.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Landsat program</span> American network of Earth-observing satellites for international research purposes

The Landsat program is the longest-running enterprise for acquisition of satellite imagery of Earth. It is a joint NASA / USGS program. On 23 July 1972, the Earth Resources Technology Satellite was launched. This was eventually renamed to Landsat 1 in 1975. The most recent, Landsat 9, was launched on 27 September 2021.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer</span> Payload imaging sensor

The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) is a satellite-based sensor used for earth and climate measurements. There are two MODIS sensors in Earth orbit: one on board the Terra satellite, launched by NASA in 1999; and one on board the Aqua satellite, launched in 2002. MODIS has now been replaced by the VIIRS, which first launched in 2011 aboard the Suomi NPP satellite.

The Earth Observing System (EOS) is a program of NASA comprising a series of artificial satellite missions and scientific instruments in Earth orbit designed for long-term global observations of the land surface, biosphere, atmosphere, and oceans. Since the early 1970s, NASA has been developing its Earth Observing System, launching a series of Landsat satellites in the decade. Some of the first included passive microwave imaging in 1972 through the Nimbus 5 satellite. Following the launch of various satellite missions, the conception of the program began in the late 1980s and expanded rapidly through the 1990s. Since the inception of the program, it has continued to develop, including; land, sea, radiation and atmosphere. Collected in a system known as EOSDIS, NASA uses this data in order to study the progression and changes in the biosphere of Earth. The main focus of this data collection surrounds climatic science. The program is the centrepiece of NASA's Earth Science Enterprise.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Satellite imagery</span> Images taken from an artificial satellite

Satellite images are images of Earth collected by imaging satellites operated by governments and businesses around the world. Satellite imaging companies sell images by licensing them to governments and businesses such as Apple Maps and Google Maps.

Earth Satellite Corporation (EarthSat), an American company, was a pioneer in the commercial use of Earth observation satellites. Founded in 1969, EarthSat was first headquartered in Washington, D.C., and later moved its offices to Bethesda, Maryland, and finally to Rockville, Maryland, in the late 1980s. In 2001, EarthSat was acquired by MacDonald, Dettwiler and Associates Ltd. (MDA) of Vancouver, British Columbia. In August 2005, EarthSat was incorporated as MDA Federal Inc., the U.S. operation of MDA Geospatial Services.

Earth observation (EO) is the gathering of information about the physical, chemical, and biological systems of the planet Earth. It can be performed via remote-sensing technologies or through direct-contact sensors in ground-based or airborne platforms.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Land cover</span> Physical material covering the surface of Earth

Land cover is the physical material at the land surface of Earth. Land covers include flora, concrete, built structures, bare ground, and temporary water. Earth cover is the expression used by ecologist Frederick Edward Clements that has its closest modern equivalent being vegetation. The expression continues to be used by the United States Bureau of Land Management.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Copernicus Programme</span> Programme of the European Commission

Copernicus is the Earth observation component of the European Union Space Programme, managed by the European Commission and implemented in partnership with the EU member states, the European Space Agency (ESA), the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT), the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), the Joint Research Centre (JRC), the European Environment Agency (EEA), the European Maritime Safety Agency (EMSA), Frontex, SatCen and Mercator Océan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sentinel-2</span> Earth observation mission

Sentinel-2 is an Earth observation mission from the Copernicus Programme that acquires optical imagery at high spatial resolution over land and coastal waters. The mission's Sentinel-2A and Sentinel-2B satellites were joined in orbit in 2024 by a third, Sentinel-2C, and in the future by Sentinel-2D, eventually replacing the A and B satellites, respectively.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Operational Land Imager</span> Sensing instrument aboard the Landsat 8 satellite orbiting Earth

The Operational Land Imager (OLI) is a remote sensing instrument aboard Landsat 8, built by Ball Aerospace & Technologies. Landsat 8 is the successor to Landsat 7 and was launched on February 11, 2013.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Geo-Wiki</span> Collaborative land cover mapping wiki project

Geo-Wiki is a platform for engaging citizens and experts in both environmental and socioeconomic monitoring, established in 2009 at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA). It aids in both, the validation of existing geographical information and the collection of new geographical information through crowdsourcing and citizen science. Using data sources such as satellite imagery, geotagged photographs and the Internet, individual volunteers are able to contribute valuable in-situ data, either by validating existing data and comparing it with satellite imagery, or by collecting new information. Other methods for crowd-sourced data collection in Geo-Wiki include campaigns and games, used as incentives to motivate citizens. Collected data in the platform is freely available.

Global mangrove distributions have fluctuated throughout human and geological history. The area covered by mangroves is influenced by a complex interaction between land position, rainfall hydrology, sea level, sedimentation, subsidence, storms and pest-predator relationships). In the last 50 years, human activities have strongly affected mangrove distributions, resulting in declines or expansions of worldwide mangrove area. Mangroves provide several important ecological services including coastal stabilization, juvenile fish habitats, and the filtration of sediment and nutrients). Mangrove loss has important implications for coastal ecological systems and human communities are dependent on healthy mangrove ecosystems. This article presents an overview of global mangrove forest biome trends in mangrove ecoregions distribution, as well as the cause of such changes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Earth Observation Center</span> Observation facility of JAXA

The Earth Observation Center is a Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) aeronautical research facility located in Hatoyama, Saitama, Japan. It utilizes remote sensing technologies such as satellites to study Earth's environment from outer space. The research done by this center has a substantial impact on the study of the Earth's environmental phenomena, such as global warming.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Barry N. Haack</span> American geographer

Barry N. Haack is an American geographer and Emeritus Professor in the Department of Geography and Geoinformation Science at George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia. He is an international authority on remote sensing, geographic information systems (GIS), and technology transfer from developed to developing nations. Haack is a visiting physical scientist at the United States Geological Survey and an elected Fellow in the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS). Through education and collaboration, Haack has influenced the careers of scientists and decision makers from many United States federal agencies and in universities and agencies in nearly thirty countries. He has held formal arrangements with the United Nations, World Bank, Inter-American Development Bank, NASA, the European Space Agency, the National Geographic Society, and many other international organizations and country governmental agencies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ecosystem Functional Type</span>

Ecosystem Functional Type (EFT) is an ecological concept to characterize ecosystem functioning. Ecosystem Functional Types are defined as groups of ecosystems or patches of the land surface that share similar dynamics of matter and energy exchanges between the biota and the physical environment. The EFT concept is analogous to the Plant Functional Types (PFTs) concept, but defined at a higher level of the biological organization. As plant species can be grouped according to common functional characteristics, ecosystems can be grouped according to their common functional behavior.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Remote sensing in geology</span> Data acquisition method for earth sciences

Remote sensing is used in the geological sciences as a data acquisition method complementary to field observation, because it allows mapping of geological characteristics of regions without physical contact with the areas being explored. About one-fourth of the Earth's total surface area is exposed land where information is ready to be extracted from detailed earth observation via remote sensing. Remote sensing is conducted via detection of electromagnetic radiation by sensors. The radiation can be naturally sourced, or produced by machines and reflected off of the Earth surface. The electromagnetic radiation acts as an information carrier for two main variables. First, the intensities of reflectance at different wavelengths are detected, and plotted on a spectral reflectance curve. This spectral fingerprint is governed by the physio-chemical properties of the surface of the target object and therefore helps mineral identification and hence geological mapping, for example by hyperspectral imaging. Second, the two-way travel time of radiation from and back to the sensor can calculate the distance in active remote sensing systems, for example, Interferometric synthetic-aperture radar. This helps geomorphological studies of ground motion, and thus can illuminate deformations associated with landslides, earthquakes, etc.

Biomass is an Earth observing satellite planned for launch by the European Space Agency (ESA) in 2025 from Kourou, French Guiana on a on a Vega-C launch vehicle.

Compton Tucker is an Earth scientist and academic. He is a Senior Earth Scientist in the Laboratory for Hydrospheric and Biospheric Sciences at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in the Earth Science Division in Greenbelt, Maryland, USA.

References

  1. ↑ Giri, Chandra, et al. "Status and distribution of mangrove forests of the world using earth observation satellite data." Global Ecology and Biogeography 20.1 (2011): 154-159.
  2. ↑ Giri, C., et al. "Mangrove forest distributions and dynamics (1975–2005) of the tsunami-affected region of Asia." Journal of Biogeography 35.3 (2008): 519-528.
  3. ↑ Giri, Chandra, et al. "Monitoring mangrove forest dynamics of the Sundarbans in Bangladesh and India using multi-temporal satellite data from 1973 to 2000." Estuarine, coastal and shelf science 73.1 (2007): 91-100.
  4. ↑ Giri, Chandra, and Joseph Muhlhausen. "Mangrove forest distributions and dynamics in Madagascar (1975–2005)." Sensors 8.4 (2008): 2104-2117.
  5. ↑ Giri, Chandra, Jordan Long, and Larry Tieszen. "Mapping and monitoring Louisiana's mangroves in the aftermath of the 2010 Gulf of Mexico oil spill." Journal of Coastal Research 27.6 (2011): 1059-1064.
  6. ↑ Giri, Chandra, et al. "Distribution and dynamics of mangrove forests of South Asia." Journal of environmental management 148 (2015): 101-111.
  7. ↑ Bhattarai, Bibek, and Chandra Giri. "Assessment of mangrove forests in the Pacific region using Landsat imagery." Journal of Applied Remote Sensing 5.1 (2011): 053509-053509.
  8. ↑ Giri, Chandra, and Jordan Long. "Is the Geographic Range of Mangrove Forests in the Conterminous United States Really Expanding?." Sensors 16.12 (2016): 2010.
  9. ↑ "Obituary for Rupa Giri at Miller Funeral Home & On-Site Crematory - Downtown".
  10. ↑ Giri, Chandra P. (2 May 2012). Remote Sensing of Land Use and Land Cover: Principles and Applications. CRC Press. ISBN   9781420070743.
  11. ↑ Giri, Chandra P. (13 September 2021). Remote Sensing in Mangroves I = 9781420070743. Mdpi AG. ISBN   9783036508504.
  12. ↑ Giri, Chandra P. (15 December 2022). Remote Sensing in Mangroves II = 9781420070743. Mdpi AG. ISBN   9783036508504.
  13. ↑ Giri, Chandra P. (2 May 2022). Maile Nadekhekeko Sapana = = 9781420070743. Mdpi AG. ISBN   9783036508504.
  14. ↑ Giri, Chandra P. (22 December 2023). Unimagined Dream: A journey from the foothills of Mount Everest to the world stage = = 9781420070743. Mdpi AG. ISBN   9783036508504.
  15. ↑ Giri, Chandra, Zhiliang Zhu, and Bradley Reed. "A comparative analysis of the Global Land Cover 2000 and MODIS land cover data sets." Remote sensing of environment 94.1 (2005): 123-132.
  16. ↑ Gong, Peng, et al. "Finer resolution observation and monitoring of global land cover: First mapping results with Landsat TM and ETM+ data." International Journal of Remote Sensing 34.7 (2013): 2607-2654.
  17. ↑ Latifovic, Rasim, et al. "Land cover mapping of North and Central America—global land cover 2000." Remote sensing of environment 89.1 (2004): 116-127.
  18. ↑ Aschbacher, J., et al. "Comparison of different sensors and analysis techniques for tropical mangrove forest mapping." Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 1995. IGARSS'95.'Quantitative Remote Sensing for Science and Applications', International. Vol. 3. IEEE, 1995.
  19. ↑ Stibig, H-J., et al. "A land-cover map for South and Southeast Asia derived from SPOT-VEGETATION data." Journal of Biogeography 34.4 (2007): 625-637.
  20. ↑ TIMI SUNANA || MELINA RAI || NEW LATEST SONG 2019 || Valentine day special song. YouTube . Archived from the original on 2021-12-08.
  21. ↑ MALAI PARDESHI NABHANA | Swaroop Raj Acharya | New Nepali Song l Dr Chandra Giri /Dr Rishi Bastakoti. YouTube . Archived from the original on 2021-12-08.
  22. ↑ NACHE FIRIRI | SHIVA PARIYAR | NEW NEPALI SONG | Ft. SAGAR LAMSAL | TWINNY GIRLS | Dr. Chandra Giri. YouTube .
  23. ↑ PRATAP DAS | SANO RA THULO HUDAINA MANCHHE HAU HAMI BARABAR New Nepali Song 2020 Dr. Chandra Giri. YouTube .
  24. ↑ CONFUSE CHHU | ASMITA ADHIKARI | NEW NEPALI SONG 2021 | Ft. RESHMA GHIMIRE/DARSHAN KAJI/DMON/AARYAN. YouTube .
  25. ↑ "PARKHI BASEKO CHHU | Ft. Paul Shah/Bina Raut | Bikash Limbu/Benisha Poudel | Dr. Chandra Giri". YouTube . 2 December 2021.
  26. ↑ "Best Songs of Rupantara Music | Dr. Chandra Giri (2022)". YouTube . 18 October 2022.
  27. ↑ "Chandra Giri".

Giri's research was highlighted by several news media including the following publications.

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.