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Chaotian Temple | |||||||||||
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Traditional Chinese | 朝 天 宮 | ||||||||||
Literal meaning | Facing-Heaven Palace | ||||||||||
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The Chaotian or Chaotien Temple,officially the Chao-Tian Temple, [1] is a temple to the goddess Mazu in Beigang Township,Yunlin County,Taiwan. [2] Constructed in 1700,it became one of the most important Mazu temples in Taiwan and is known for its extravagant temple architecture. It is visited by more than a million pilgrims every year. [3] [4]
Mazu,the deified form of the medieval Lin Moniang from Fujian,has an enthusiastic following on Taiwan. Beigang was one of the most important Taiwanese ports in the 17th century. As Beigang and its economy grew,at the same time the temple grew and expanded. Today the Chaotian Temple at Beigang is an important religious site and pilgrimage destination. Beigang's Mazu tours to other Mazu temples through whole Taiwan every year for visits and inspections.
In 1694,a Buddhist monk named Shubi requested that a statue of Mazu be brought to Beigang from the Chaotian Temple in her hometown of Meizhou in Fujian. In 1700,Chen Li-Shum donated a building lot and raised the funds to erect Beigang's own Chaotian Temple. [1] In 1730,the temple was further expanded. In 1770,Penkang Magistrate Hsueh Chao-heng considered that the temple too simple to live up to the dignity of Goddess Matsu.[ citation needed ] Three years later another reconstruction of the temple started. In 1854 a number of ranking officials initiated a third project,expanding the temple into a palace-type architectural complex. The front wing consisted of worship courtyard and east and west chambers. The second wing was for worship of the Heavenly Mother,third wing for Goddess of mercy;east wing for San-Kuan Heavenly Emperors,west wing for Wenchang God,the 4th wing for Goddess Matsu's parents;east wing for Goddess of Childgiving and west wing,Lang God. Several renovation followed in the 20th century.
The Chaotian Temple also owns a cultural hall,where concert,dances and other activities take place. [5] On top of the building is a statue of Mazu. The Chaotian Temple also sponsors events like the Beigang International Music Festival. Since 2020 and the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic,a Buddhist Liberation Rite of Water and Land is sponsored by Chaotian Temple to pray for the eradication of the virus.
The Beigang Wind Orchestra was founded in 1928 by Chen Chia-Hu (陳家湖).[ citation needed ] On spiritual days the orchestra marches for the Chaotian temple.
The Flying Dragons are a dragon dance troupe affiliated with the Chaotian Temple,founded by Weng San-lien around 1924. Creation of two Great Dragon Flags began in 1926,and the flags were used in processions until the 1950s. [6]
Mazu or Matsu is a Chinese sea goddess in Chinese folk religion,Chinese Buddhism,Confucianism,and Taoism. She is also known by several other names and titles. Mazu is the deified form of Lin Moniang,a shamaness from Fujian who is said to have lived in the late 10th century. After her death,she became revered as a tutelary deity of Chinese seafarers,including fishermen and sailors. Her worship spread throughout China's coastal regions and overseas Chinese communities throughout Southeast Asia,where some Mazuist temples are affiliated with famous Taiwanese temples. Mazu was traditionally thought to roam the seas,protecting her believers through miraculous interventions. She is now generally regarded by her believers as a powerful and benevolent Queen of Heaven.
Meizhou Island,Meichow;Meichou,is a small island close to the coast of China. Meizhou Town (湄洲镇) is an administrative unit of Xiuyu District,Putian,Fujian,China. It is known for being the birthplace of the goddess Mazu. Meizhou has 38,000 inhabitants,most of whom are involved in the fishing industry. The local language spoken is Pu-Xian Min.
The Beigang International Music Festival is a project of the Beigang Philharmonic Association and takes place in Beigang,Yunlin County,Taiwan. Since its inception in 2006,the festival has grown and developed to become the biggest international music festival in Yunlin County. The festival has a series of concerts,mostly wind music,and an educational program within the Chia-Hu Conservatory. The festival also organizes an intercultural program for musicians from different countries. The artistic director of the Beigang International Music Festival is the pianist Heinz Chen.
Beigang,Hokkō or Peikang is an urban township in Yunlin County,Taiwan. It is primarily known for its Chaotian Temple,one of the most prominent Temples of Mazu on Taiwan. It has a population of 37,763 as of February 2023.
Yongchun is a county in western Quanzhou city of southern Fujian province,People's Republic of China,located on the upper reaches of the Jin River. It is under the administration of Quanzhou City. As of 2009,it had a total population of 558,996 residing in an area of 1,469 square kilometres (567 sq mi).
Xingang Township or Singang Township is a rural township in Chiayi County,Taiwan.
The Ma-Cho,Mazu or Ma Cho Temple is a Taoist temple to the Chinese Sea-Goddess Mazu located on Quezon Avenue in Barangay II,San Fernando,La Union in the Philippines. It was built in 1977 by a group of Filipino-Chinese devotees under the leadership of Dy Keh Hio and with the support of former Tourism Secretary Jose D. Aspiras.
The Dajia Jenn Lann Temple,also known as the Zhenlan or Mazu Temple,is a temple dedicated to the Chinese Goddess Mazu,the Goddess of Sea and Patron Deity of fishermen,sailors and any occupations related to sea/ocean. The temple is located in the Dajia District of Taichung,Taiwan. It is known for being the start of the Dajia Mazu Pilgrimage,an annual celebration of the sea goddess.
The Tianhou or Mazu Temple is a temple to the Goddess Mazu,the Chinese Goddess of Sea and Patron Deity of fishermen,sailors and any occupations related to sea/ocean. It is located in Xinwu District,Taoyuan City,Taiwan.
The Lukang Tianhou Temple,also known as the Lukang Mazu Temple,is a Chinese temple dedicated to the Chinese Goddess Mazu,the Goddess of Sea and Patron Deity of fishermen,sailors and any occupations related to sea/ocean. The temple is located at 430 Zhongshan Road in Lukang Township,Changhua County,Taiwan. It is one of the island's most famous and popular Mazu temples.
The Baishatun Mazu Pilgrimage is usually held annually between lunar January and April in the western plains of Taiwan,a major Taoist religious event since 1863. After every lunar new year,the Mazu statue of Gongtian Temple at Baishatun,Tongxiao of Miaoli County,is placed in a palanquin and carried in procession to visit another Mazu Temple- Chaotian Temple,located in the area of Beigang of Yunlin County,then returns to Gongtian Temple to end this pilgrimage. The distance covered is approximately 400 km total.
Bengang Shuixian Temple is a temple located in Nangang Village,Xingang Township,Chiayi County,Taiwan. Sitting on the south shore of the Beigang River,the temple is dedicated to five water gods collectively known as Shuixian Zunwang.
Bengang Tianhou Temple is a temple located in Nangang Village,Xingang Township,Chiayi County,Taiwan. Sitting on the south shore of the Beigang River,the temple is dedicated to Mazu,Goddess of Sea.
Baishatun Gongtian Temple is a temple located in Baishatun,Tongxiao Township,Miaoli County,Taiwan. The temple is dedicated to the sea goddess Mazu,who is the deified form of Lin Moniang. Gongtian Temple is noted for its annual Baishatun Mazu Pilgrimage,where worshippers travel to Chaotian Temple in Beigang,Yunlin on foot.
Dazhuang Haotian Temple (HTG) (Chinese:大庄浩天宮;pinyin:Dàzhuāng Hàotiān Gōng) is a temple located in Dazhuang,Wuqi District,Taichung,Taiwan. The temple is dedicated to the sea goddess Mazu.
Nanfang'ao Nantian Temple is a temple dedicated to the sea goddess Mazu in Nanfang'ao,Su'ao Township,Yilan County,Taiwan.
The Dajia Mazu Pilgrimage is an annual celebration of the Taoist sea goddess Mazu held in Taiwan. During the festival,a statue of Mazu is placed in a litter and carried by foot on a round-trip journey from Jenn Lann Temple in Dajia,Taichung to Fengtian Temple in Xingang,Chiayi,stopping at many more temples along the way. The festival lasts for nine days and attracts large crowds of pilgrims. Every year during the event,the Departments of Environmental Protection from the local counties send many volunteers and cleaners to remove the litter alongside the route.
Xingang Fengtian Temple,sometimes romanized as Fongtian Temple,is a temple located in Xingang Township,Chiayi County,Taiwan. The temple is a county-level monument and the destination of the annual Dajia Mazu Pilgrimage.