Chloroform (data page)

Last updated June 15, 2023

This page provides supplementary chemical data on chloroform.

Material Safety Data Sheet

The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommend that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source and follow its directions.

Structure and properties

Structure and properties
Index of refraction, n_D	1.4459 at 19 °C
Abbe number	?
Dielectric constant, ε_r	4.8069 ε₀ at 20 °C
Bond strength	?
Bond length ^[1]	C-Cl 1.75 Å
Bond angle ^[1]	Cl-C-Cl 110.3°
Dipole moment	1.08 D (gas)^{[ citation needed ]} 1.04 D^[2]
Magnetic susceptibility	? – Close to that of Teflon
Surface tension	28.5 dyn/cm at 10 °C 27.1 dyn/cm at 20 °C 26.67 dyn/cm at 25 °C 23.44 dyn/cm at 50 °C 21.7 dyn/cm at 60 °C 20.20 dyn/cm at 75 °C
Viscosity ^[3]	0.786 mPa·s at –10 °C 0.699 mPa·s at 0 °C 0.563 mPa·s at 20 °C 0.542 mPa·s at 25 °C 0.464 mPa·s at 40 °C 0.389 mPa·s at 60 °C

Thermodynamic properties

Phase behavior
Triple point	209.61 K (–63.54 °C), ? Pa
Critical point	537 K (264 °C), 5328.68 kPa
Std enthalpy change of fusion, Δ_fusH^o	8.8 kJ/mol
Std entropy change of fusion, Δ_fusS^o	42 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy change of vaporization, Δ_vapH^o	31.4 kJ/mol
Std entropy change of vaporization, Δ_vapS^o	105.3 J/(mol·K)
Solid properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ_fH^o_solid	? kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^o_solid	? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, c_p	? J/(mol K)
Liquid properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ_fH^o_liquid	–134.3 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^o_liquid	? J/(mol K)
Enthalpy of combustion	–473.2 kJ/mol Δ_cH^o
Heat capacity, c_p	114.25 J/(mol K)
Gas properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ_fH^o_gas	–103.18 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^o_gas	295.6 J/(mol K) at 25 °C
Heat capacity, c_p	65.33 J/(mol K) at 25 °C
van der Waals' constants ^[4]	a = 1537 L² kPa/mol² b = 0.1022 liter per mole

Vapor pressure of liquid

P in mm Hg		1	10	40	100	400	760	1520	3800	7600	15200	30400	45600
T in °C		–58.0	–29.7	–7.1	10.4	42.7	61.3	83.9	120.0	152.3	191.8	237.5	—

Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed.

log10 of Chloroform vapor pressure. Uses formula:
log
e
[?]
P
m
m
H
g
=
{\displaystyle \scriptstyle \log _{e}P_{mmHg}=}
log
e
[?]
(
760
101.325
)
-
10.07089
log
e
[?]
(
T
+
273.15
)
-
6351.140
T
+
273.15
+
81.14393
+
9.127608
x
10
-
6
(
T
+
273.15
)
2
{\displaystyle \scriptstyle \log _{e}({\frac {760}{101.325}})-10.07089\log _{e}(T+273.15)-{\frac {6351.140}{T+273.15}}+81.14393+9.127608\times 10^{-6}(T+273.15)^{2}}
obtained from CHERIC LogChloroformVaporPressure.png — **log₁₀ of Chloroform vapor pressure.** Uses formula: $\scriptstyle \log _{e}P_{mmHg}=$ $\scriptstyle \log _{e}({\frac {760}{101.325}})-10.07089\log _{e}(T+273.15)-{\frac {6351.140}{T+273.15}}+81.14393+9.127608\times 10^{-6}(T+273.15)^{2}$ obtained from CHERIC

Distillation data

BP Temp. °C	% by mole chloroform
Vapor-liquid Equilibrium for Chloroform/Ethanol ^[6] P = 101.325 kPa
BP Temp. °C	liquid	vapor
78.15	0.0	0.0
78.07	0.52	1.59
77.83	1.02	3.01
76.81	2.21	7.45
74.90	5.80	17.10
74.39	6.72	19.40
73.55	8.38	23.31
72.85	10.57	28.05
72.24	11.80	30.52
71.58	13.18	33.13
69.72	17.65	41.00
68.95	19.62	43.66
68.58	20.71	45.43
67.35	23.86	49.77
65.89	28.54	55.09
64.87	32.35	58.48
63.88	36.07	61.27
63.23	39.34	64.50
62.61	41.38	65.49
62.17	44.41	67.57
61.48	49.97	71.11
61.00	53.92	72.91
60.49	54.76	73.57
60.35	59.65	74.68
60.30	61.60	75.53
60.20	63.04	76.12
60.09	64.48	76.69
59.97	66.90	77.74
59.54	72.01	79.33
59.32	79.07	82.62
59.26	82.99	83.59
59.28	84.97	84.69
59.31	85.96	85.24
59.46	89.92	87.93
59.72	91.10	88.73
59.70	92.44	89.79
59.84	93.90	91.02
59.91	95.26	92.56
60.18	96.13	93.58
60.88	98.89	97.93
61.13	100.00	100.00

BP Temp. °C	% by mole acetone
Vapor-liquid Equilibrium for Chloroform/Acetone ^[6] P = 101.325 kPa
BP Temp. °C	liquid	vapor
62.11	7.5	4.9
63.45	17.7	13.7
63.95	22.9	19.1
64.19	26.2	23.0
64.29	28.5	25.9
64.45	34.5	33.9
64.47	35.7	35.6
64.47	36.5	36.6
64.46	38.7	39.6
64.43	39.5	40.8
64.40	40.4	42.0
64.20	45.2	48.8
64.05	46.6	51.0
64.04	47.4	52.0
63.67	51.9	57.9
63.19	56.4	64.1
62.73	59.4	67.9
62.42	61.0	69.7
62.16	62.4	71.5
61.24	68.4	78.0
60.23	74.7	84.0
57.23	91.8	96.1

BP Temp. °C	% by mole chloroform
Vapor-liquid Equilibrium for Chloroform/Methanol ^[6] P = 760 mm Hg
BP Temp. °C	liquid	vapor
63	4.0	10.2
62	6.5	15.4
60.9	9.5	21.5
59.3	14.6	30.4
57.8	19.6	37.8
57.0	23.0	42.0
55.9	28.7	47.2
55.3	33.2	50.7
54.7	38.3	54.0
54.3	42.5	56.4
54.0	45.9	58.0
53.8	52.0	60.7
53.7	55.7	61.9
53.5	62.8	64.3
53.5	63.6	64.6
53.5	66.7	65.5
53.7	75.3	68.4
53.9	79.7	70.1
54.4	85.5	73.0
55.2	90.4	76.8
56.3	93.7	81.2
57.9	97.0	87.5

Spectral data

UV-Vis
λ_max	? nm
Extinction coefficient, ε	?
IR
Major absorption bands	1215, 761, 668 cm⁻¹
NMR
Proton NMR	δ CDCl₃ 7.26 (s, 1H)
Carbon-13 NMR	δ CDCl₃ 77.2
Other NMR data
MS
Masses of main fragments

References

1 2 R. Fourme, M. Renaud, C. R. Acad. Sci, Ser. C(Chim),1966, p. 69
↑ CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 89th ed./David R. Lide ed.-in-chief. CRC Press: Boca Raton, 2008. – p. 9–58
↑ Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. pp. 1669–1674
↑ Lange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed, pp. 1522–1524
↑ "Pure Component Properties" (Queriable database). Chemical Engineering Research Information Center. Retrieved 16 May 2007.
1 2 3 "Binary Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Data" (Queriable database). Chemical Engineering Research Information Center. Retrieved 17 May 2007.

Linstrom, Peter (1997). "NIST Standard Reference Database". National Institute of Standards and Technology. doi:10.18434/T4D303 . Retrieved 16 May 2007.{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

This box:

Except where noted otherwise, data relate to Standard temperature and pressure.
Reliability of data general note.

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[R._Fourme,_M._Renaud_1966,_p._69-1] 1 2 R. Fourme, M. Renaud, C. R. Acad. Sci, Ser. C(Chim),1966, p. 69

[CRC_HCP_89-2] CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 89th ed./David R. Lide ed.-in-chief. CRC Press: Boca Raton, 2008. – p. 9–58

[lange1669-3] Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. pp. 1669–1674

[lange1522-4] Lange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed, pp. 1522–1524

[cheric_p-5] "Pure Component Properties" (Queriable database). Chemical Engineering Research Information Center. Retrieved 16 May 2007.

[cheric_b-6] 1 2 3 "Binary Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Data" (Queriable database). Chemical Engineering Research Information Center. Retrieved 17 May 2007.

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