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Christian Action, founded in 1946, was an inter-church movement dedicated to promoting Christian ideals in society at large. [1]
Canon John Collins (1905–1982) founded the Fellowship of the Transfiguration of Our Lord in 1943, when working as a Royal Air Force chaplain in Wiltshire, which sought in its Rule of Life 'to make the social, economic and political implications of the Gospel effective in local, national and international affairs'. [2]
In 1947, the Fellowship was re-founded as Christian Action "to promote Christian involvement in social issues and political life". [3]
As Chaplain at Oriel College Oxford, Collins led a group of students in reading Victor Gollancz's Our Threatened Values "with a view to seeing whether we might be able to do something to meet the threat and to extend our influence as Christians, not only in our immediate circle, but outwards into the world at large." [4]
From 1956 the organisation was particularly associated with the struggle against Apartheid in South Africa when Collins used available funds to form the International Defence and Aid Fund to pay legal expenses and look after the families of those being tried for treason for protesting against Apartheid, including Nelson Mandela. [5]
Christian Action became defunct in 1996. [3]
Frederik Willem de Klerk was a South African politician who served as state president of South Africa from 1989 to 1994 and as deputy president from 1994 to 1996. As South Africa's last head of state from the era of white-minority rule, he and his government dismantled the apartheid system and introduced universal suffrage. Ideologically a social conservative and an economic liberal, he led the National Party (NP) from 1989 to 1997.
Liberation theology is a theological approach emphasizing the "liberation of the oppressed". It engages in socio-economic analyses, with social concern for the poor and "political liberation for oppressed peoples" and addresses other forms of perceived inequality.
Oriel College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford in Oxford, England. Located in Oriel Square, the college has the distinction of being the oldest royal foundation in Oxford. In recognition of this royal connection, the college has also been historically known as King's College and King's Hall. The reigning monarch of the United Kingdom is the official visitor of the college.
A chaplain is, traditionally, a cleric, or a lay representative of a religious tradition, attached to a secular institution, or a private chapel. The term chaplaincy refers to the chapel, facility or department in which one or more chaplains carry out their role.
Brooke Foss Westcott was an English bishop, biblical scholar and theologian, serving as Bishop of Durham from 1890 until his death. He is perhaps most known for co-editing The New Testament in the Original Greek in 1881. He was an enthusiastic supporter of the British Empire.
The Institute of Economic Affairs (IEA) is a British right-wing free market think tank, which is registered as a charity. Associated with the New Right in the United Kingdom, the IEA describes itself as an "educational research institute", and says that it seeks to "further the dissemination of free-market thinking" by "analysing and expounding the role of markets in solving economic and social problems".
Lewis John Collins was an Anglican priest who was active in several radical political movements in the United Kingdom.
The Fellowship, also known as The Family, is a U.S.-based nonprofit religious and political organization founded in April 1935 by Abraham Vereide. The stated purpose of The Fellowship is to provide a fellowship forum where decision makers can attend Bible studies, attend prayer meetings, worship God, experience spiritual affirmation and receive support.
John Barton is a British Anglican priest and biblical scholar. From 1991 to 2014, he was the Oriel and Laing Professor of the Interpretation of Holy Scripture at the University of Oxford and a Fellow of Oriel College. In addition to his academic career, he has been an ordained and serving priest in the Church of England since 1973.
The Reformed Evangelical Anglican Church of South Africa (REACH-SA), known until 2013 as the Church of England in South Africa (CESA), is a Christian denomination in South Africa. It was constituted in 1938 as a federation of churches. It appointed its first bishop in 1955. It is an Anglican church and it relates closely to the Sydney Diocese of the Anglican Church of Australia, to which it is similar in that it sees itself as a bastion of the Reformation and particularly of reformed doctrine.
Barry Cennydd Morgan is a retired Welsh Anglican bishop from Neath, Wales who, from 2003 to Jan 2017, was Archbishop of Wales. He was both Primate and Metropolitan of the Church in Wales; Morgan was the Bishop of Bangor from 1992 to 1999, and was the Bishop of Llandaff from 1999 until his retirement in January 2017. He was the longest serving archbishop in the entire Anglican Communion, at the time of his retirement.
Israeli apartheid is a system of institutionalized segregation and discrimination in the Israeli-occupied Palestinian territories and to a lesser extent in Israel proper. This system is characterized by near-total physical separation between the Palestinian and the Israeli settler population of the West Bank, as well as the judicial separation that governs both communities, which discriminates against the Palestinians in a wide range of ways. Israel also discriminates against Palestinian refugees in the diaspora and against its own Palestinian citizens.
Christian nationalism is a form of religious nationalism that focuses on promoting the Christian views of its followers, in order to achieve prominence or dominance in political and social life.
Dame Diana Clavering Collins was an English activist and the wife of John Collins, a fiery canon of St Paul's Cathedral who earned an international reputation for his leadership of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament and the British campaign against apartheid in South Africa. She was his partner in these enterprises and in other activities.
The Anglican Pacifist Fellowship (APF) is a body of people within the Anglican Communion who reject war as a means of solving international disputes, and believe that peace and justice should be sought through nonviolent means.
John Dudley Davies is a former Anglican Bishop of Shrewsbury. During his tenure the post changed from suffragan bishop to area bishop with the institution of area bishops in 1992.
Christians have been present in the military since after the death of Jesus, Marinus of Caesarea, Julius the Veteran, and other military saints were Christians who were soldiers.
The International Defence and Aid Fund or IDAF was a fund created by John Collins during the 1956 Treason Trial in South Africa. After learning of those accused of treason for protesting against apartheid, including Nelson Mandela, Collins created the fund in order to pay all legal expenses and look after the families of those on trial. The group was non-partisan.
Jonathan W LLoyd is a British-Canadian social worker and Anglican priest, born in Somerset, England in 1956.
Nigel John Biggar is a British Anglican priest, theologian, and ethicist. From 2007 to 2022, he was the Regius Professor of Moral and Pastoral Theology at the University of Oxford. In December 2024, Biggar was nominated for a life peerage.