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Civic technology companies are platforms, products, and services that facilitate civic engagement. [1] [ unreliable source? ] [2] [ unreliable source? ] [3] [ unreliable source? ] Civic technology encompasses any type of technology that enables greater participation in government affairs, or "assists government in delivering citizen services and strengthening ties with the public". [4] [ unreliable source? ] The phrase can essentially be used to describe any company that is concerned with improving the quality, access, and efficiency of government services within the political system through technological means. [2] [ unreliable source? ] Although similar, Civic Technology is different from Government Technology. [5] [ unreliable source? ] Civic technology seeks to connect citizens with each other or with their government. [6] [ unreliable source? ] Government Technology primarily seeks to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of governments' internal operations. [5] [ unreliable source? ] Although the term can be used differently, Government Technology can also be classified as a subcategory within civic technology due to the indirect benefits citizens gain from government efficiency. [7] [ unreliable source? ]
Most current civic technology companies fall under a few categories. First is Government Technology, which is technology used by nations to either increase the efficiency of their operations or to enhance their connection to citizens. [7] [ unreliable source? ] Another category is Advocacy, which is made up of civic technology companies used for political or social purposed by non-government groups. [7] [ unreliable source? ] The last main category is Voting, which encompasses companies that seek to improve voting systems. [7] [ unreliable source? ]
Platform Name | Founder | Dates Created | Open Source | Corporate Structure |
---|---|---|---|---|
VotingWorks | Ben Adida | 2018 | Open | Non-profit |
Pol.is | Open | Non-profit | ||
Gov Tech | Jacqueline Poh [8] | 2016 | Open | Non-Profit |
Bang the Table | Matthew Crozier and Crispin Butteriss [9] | 2008 | Open | Non-Profit |
City Innovate | Kamran Saddique [10] | 2015 | Open | Non-Profit |
Code for America | Jennifer Pahlka [11] | 2009 | Open | Non-Profit |
coUrbanize | Karin Brandt [12] | 2013 | Open | Non-Profit |
OpenGov | Zachary Bookman [13] | 2012 | Open | Non-Profit |
Accela | Gary Kovacs [14] | 2018 | Open | For-Profit |
CityBase | Mike Duffy [15] | 2013 | Open | Non-Profit |
MuniSight | Greg Berger [16] | 2017 | Open | For-Profit |
Nava | Rohan Bhobe | 2015 | Open | Public Benefit Corporation (PBC) |
Nextdoor | Nirav Tolia, Sarah Leary, Prakash Janakiraman and David Wiesen [17] | 2008 | Open | Non-Profit |
Fiscal Note | Timothy Hwang, Gerald Yao, and Jonathan Chen [18] | 2013 | Open | For-Profit |
Maptionnaire | Maarit Kahila, Anna Broberg [19] | 2011 | Not | For-Profit |
Data on investment provided for civic technology companies from 2011 to 2013 offers insight into the current landscape of these technology companies. Data collected by the Knight Foundation in this time period analyzed the difference in funding between Open Government and Community Action civic technology companies. [20] The Knight Foundation defines Open Government oriented companies as promoting citizen participation in government and Community Action companies as technology companies seeking to empower and unify citizens with a bottom-down approach. [20] Of investment in this time period, Community Action civic technology companies received more funds than Open Government oriented civic technology companies. [20] Within Community Action companies, Neighborhood Forums and P2P Local Sharing received most of the investment funds. [20] Within Open Government civic technology companies, Data Access & Transparency companies and Resident Feedback companies received the largest share of investments within the Open Government category. [20]
A public utility company is an organization that maintains the infrastructure for a public service. Public utilities are subject to forms of public control and regulation ranging from local community-based groups to statewide government monopolies.
E-government is the use of technological communications devices, such as computers and the Internet, to provide public services to citizens and other persons in a country or region. E-government offers new opportunities for more direct and convenient citizen access to government and for government provision of services directly to citizens.
Omidyar Network is a self-styled "philanthropic investment firm," composed of a foundation and an impact investment firm. Established in 2004 by eBay founder Pierre Omidyar and his wife Pam, Omidyar Network has committed over US$1.5 billion to nonprofit organizations and for-profit companies across multiple investment areas. According to the OECD, Omidyar Network's financing for 2019 development increased by 10% to US$58.9 million.
Participatory budgeting (PB) is a type of citizen sourcing in which ordinary people decide how to allocate part of a municipal or public budget through a process of democratic deliberation and decision-making. Participatory budgeting allows citizens or residents of a locality to identify, discuss, and prioritize public spending projects, and gives them the power to make real decisions about how money is spent.
Civic engagement or civic participation is any individual or group activity addressing issues of public concern. Civic engagement includes communities working together or individuals working alone in both political and non-political actions to protect public values or make a change in a community. The goal of civic engagement is to address public concerns and promote the quality of the community.
mySociety is a UK-based registered charity, previously named UK Citizens Online Democracy. It began as a UK-focused organisation with the aim of making online democracy tools for UK citizens. However, those tools were open source, so that the code could be redeployed in other countries.
The Sunlight Foundation was an American 501(c)(3) nonpartisan, nonprofit organization that advocated for open government. The organization was founded in April 2006 with the goal of increasing transparency and accountability in the United States Congress, the executive branch, and in state and local governments. The foundation's primary focus was the role of money in politics. The organization sought to increase campaign finance regulations and disclosure requirements. The Sunlight Foundation ceased operations in September 2020.
Khosla Ventures is an American venture capital firm founded by Vinod Khosla, focused on early-stage companies in the Internet, computing, mobile, financial services, agriculture, healthcare and clean technology sectors. Some of its most successful investments include Affirm, DoorDash, Square, Impossible Foods, Instacart, and OpenAI.
The Participatory Politics Foundation (PPF) is a United States non-profit organization whose mission is to preserve U.S. democracy. It works to increase public participation by, among other means, modernizing the political system through technological advancements that help connect lawmakers and citizens. The non-profit opened in February 2007.
Socrata was a business-to-government software company that sold an open data platform whose goal was to help civic developers build apps more efficiently. The company was acquired by Tyler Technologies in 2018.
CitySourced is a civic engagement SaaS platform that connects citizens to local government agencies and the services they provide. The platform provides HTML5 and iOS/Android citizen-facing client applications that connect with a CRM and Service Request Management application tailored specifically for use within the public sector.
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Civicplus is a web development & android apps business headquartered in Manhattan, Kansas, United States. It specializes in "building city and county e-government communication systems." It was first developed by programming company Vanyon, a division of Networks Plus Foundership community.
The OpenGov Foundation is a United States nonpartisan, nonprofit organization. It conducts research on legislatures like the United States Congress, develops software for government officials, and claims to help governments create policies and rules that support openness and effective engagement with the public.
Wickr is an American software company based in New York City, known for its instant messenger application with the same name. The Wickr instant messaging apps allow users to exchange end-to-end encrypted and content-expiring messages, and are designed for iOS, Android, Mac, Windows, and Linux operating systems. Wickr was acquired by Amazon Web Services (AWS) mid-2021. They discontinued the free version of the app in December 2023.
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Civic technology, or civic tech, enhances the relationship between the people and government with software for communications, decision-making, service delivery, and political process. It includes information and communications technology supporting government with software built by community-led teams of volunteers, nonprofits, consultants, and private companies as well as embedded tech teams working within government.
Neighborly was a San Francisco–based financial technology startup focused on financing and deploying fiber-optic broadband infrastructure in communities around the U.S. The company aimed to deliver critical fiber broadband infrastructure to communities, and opportunities to investors interested in closing the digital divide.
Go Vocal (formerly CitizenLab) is a Belgian civic tech company that builds citizen engagement platforms for local governments. The company was founded in 2015 by Wietse Van Ransbeeck, Aline Muylaert, and Koen Gremmelprez. Go Vocal uses a cloud-based software as a service (SaaS) model to provide local governments with readymade platforms and tools for collecting and managing citizen input.
Accela is an American private government technology company. It was established in 1999 as a result of a merger with Sierra Computer Systems and Open Data Systems. Accela's platform is used by state and local government agencies in the United States and in other countries.