Claire E. Wainwright | |
---|---|
Known for | Cystic fibrosis |
Awards | Member of the Order of Australia (2018) Fellow of the Australian Academy of Health and Medical Sciences (2016) |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Pediatric Respiratory Medicine |
Institutions | Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service |
Website | www |
Claire E. Wainwright is an Australian paediatric respiratory physician and professor of pediatrics, residing and working in Queensland. [1] She commenced her medical training in London and completed her specialist training at the Royal Children's Hospital, Brisbane. She is now head of the Cystic Fibrosis Service at the Queensland Children's Hospital and a professor of pediatric medicine at the University of Queensland, Australia. [2] [3] Wainwright has published numerous academic papers focusing upon her main area of interest; the impacts of fungal infections upon children with cystic fibrosis. [4] However, her interests also expand to include other airway complications within children. [5]
Claire Wainwright is of European descent, she is half French and half Welsh. She grew up in the Middle East, but then attended medical school in London. After marrying Australian Professor Brandon Wainwright, [6] she moved to Queensland where she completed her medical training. [7]
Wainwright decided to pursue research medicine after doing a research elective with the paediatric renal team at Guy's Hospital London. Since then she has collaborated on 43 academic articles investigating cystic fibrosis and other respiratory issues in children. She is currently employed by the Queensland Children's Hospital and the University of Queensland as a professor of Paediatrics and Child Health.
In 2016 Wainwright was elected Fellow of the Australian Academy of Health and Medical Sciences. [8]
This section may contain an excessive amount of intricate detail that may interest only a particular audience.(May 2020) |
Moodie M, Lal A, Vidmar S, Armstrong DS, Byrnes CA, Carlin JB, Cheney J, Cooper PJ, Grimwood K, Robertson CF, Tiddens HA, Wainwright CE (July 2014). "Costs of Bronchoalveolar Lavage-Directed Therapy in the First 5 Years of Life for Children with Cystic Fibrosis". Journal of Pediatrics. 165 (3): 564–569.e5. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2014.05.031. PMID 24996984.
Syrmis MW, Kidd TJ, Moser RJ, Ramsay KA, Gibson KM, Anuj S, Bell SC, Wainwright CE, Grimwood K, Nissen M, Slots TP, Whiley DM (June 2014). "A Comparison of Two Informative SNP-based Strategies for Typing Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolates from Patients with Cystic Fibrosis". BMC Infectious Diseases. 5 (14): 307. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-307 . PMC 4053291 . PMID 24902856.
Wainwright CE, Tullis E (May 2014). "Electronic Care Records – Can They Fulfil Their Promise?". Journal of Cystic Fibrosis. 13 (6): 608–609. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2014.04.009 . PMID 24862725.
Knibbs LD, Johnson GR, Kidd TJ, Cheney J, Grimwood K, Kattenbelt JA, O'Rourke PK, Ramsay KA, Sly PD, Wainwright CE, Wood ME, Morawska L, Bell SC (August 2014). "Viability of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in Cough Aerosols Generated by Persons with Cystic Fibrosis". Thorax. 69 (8): 740–5. doi:10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-205213. PMC 4112489 . PMID 24743559.
Hennig S, McKay K, Vidmar S, O'Brien K, Stacey S, Cheney J, Wainwright CE (July 2014). "Safety of Inhaled (Tobi) and Intravenous Tobramycin in Young Children with Cystic Fibrosis". Journal of Cystic Fibrosis. 13 (4): 428–434. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2014.01.014 . PMID 24565869.
Ramsay KA, Butler CA, Paynter S, Ware RS, Kidd TJ, Wainwright CE, Bell SC (December 2013). "Factors Influencing Acquisition of Burkholderia Cepacia Complex Organisms in Patients with Cystric Fibrosis". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 51 (12): 3975–80. doi:10.1128/jcm.01360-13. PMC 3838027 . PMID 24048536.
Manos J, Hu H, Rose BR, Wainwright CE, Zablotska IB, Cheney J, Turnbull L, Whitchurch CB, Grimwood K, Harmer C, Anuj SN, Harbour C (December 2013). "Virulence Factor Expression Patterns in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Strains from Infants with Cystic Fibrosis". European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases. 32 (12): 1583–92. doi:10.1007/s10096-013-1916-7. hdl: 10453/24213 . PMID 23832143. S2CID 17974123.
Davies JC, Wainwright CE, Canny GJ, Chilvers MA, Howenstine MS, Munck A, Mainz JG, Rodriguez S, Li H, Yen K, Ordonez CL, Ahrens R (June 2013). "Efficacy and Safety of Ivacaftor in Patients Aged 6 to 11 Years with Cystic Fibrosis with a G551D Mutation". American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 187 (11): 1219–25. doi:10.1164/rccm.201301-0153oc. PMC 3734608 . PMID 23590265.
Syrmis MW, Moser RJ, Kidd TJ, Hunt P, Ramsa KA, Bell SC, Wainwright CE, Grimwood K, Nissen MD, Sloots TP, Whiley DM (May 2013). "High-throughput Single-nucleotide Polymorphism-based Typing of Shared Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Stains in Cystic Fibrosis Patients Using the Sequenom iPLEX Platform". Journal of Medical Microbiology. 62 (5): 734–40. doi:10.1099/jmm.0.055905-0. PMID 23412772.
Byrnes CA, Vidmar S, Cheney JL, Carlin JB, Armstrong DS, Cooper PJ, Grimwood K, Moodie M, Roberston CF, Rosenfield M, Tiddens HA, Wainwright CE (July 2013). "Prospective Evaluation of Respiratory Exacerbations in Children with Cystic Fibrosis from Newborn Screening". Thorax. 68 (7): 643–51. doi:10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-202342. PMC 3711493 . PMID 23345574.
Kidd TJ, Ramsay KA, Hu H, Marks GB, Wainwright CE, Bye PT, Elkins MR, Robinson PJ, Rose BR, Wilson JW, Grimwood K, Bell SC (May 2013). "Shared Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Genotypes are Common in Australian Cystic Fibrosis Centres". European Respiratory Journal. 41 (5): 1091–100. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00060512 . PMID 22878877.
Willner D, Daly J, Whiley D, Grimwood K, Wainwright CE, Hugenholtz P (2012). "Comparison of DNA Extraction Methods for Microbial Community Profiling with an Application to Pediatric Bronchoalveolar Lavage Samples". PLOS ONE. 7 (4): e34605. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...734605W. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034605 . PMC 3326054 . PMID 22514642.
Hu H, Harmer C, Anuj S, Wainwright CE, Manos J, Cheney J, Harbour C, Zablotska I, Turnbull L, Whitchurch CB, Grimwood K, Rose B (March 2013). "Type 3 Secretion System Effector Genotype and Secretion Phenotype of Longitudinally Collected Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Young Children Diagnosed with Cystic Fibrosis Following Newborn Screening". Clinical Microbiology and Infection. 19 (3): 266–72. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2012.03770.x . PMID 22329595.
Collaco JM, McGready J, Green DM, Naughton KM, Watson CP, Chields T, Bell SC, Wainwright CE (2011). "Effect of Temperature on Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease and Infections: a Replicated Cohort Study". PLOS ONE. 6 (11): e27784. Bibcode:2011PLoSO...627784C. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027784 . PMC 3220679 . PMID 22125624.
Ramsey BW, Davies J, McElvaney NG, Tullis E, Bell SC, Drevinek P, Griese M, McKone EF, Wainwright CE, Konstan MW, Moss R, Ratjen F, SErmt-Gaudelus I, Rowe SM, Dong Q, Rodriguez S, Yen K, Ordonez C, Elbron JS (November 2011). "A CFTR Potentiator in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis and the G551D Mutation" (PDF). New England Journal of Medicine. 365 (18): 1663–72. doi:10.1056/nejmoa1105185. PMC 3230303 . PMID 22047557.
Strachan RE, Cornelius A, Gilbert GL, Gulliver T, Martin A, McDonald T, Nixon GM, Roseby R, Ranganathan S, Selvadurai H, Smith G, Soto-Martinez M, Suresh S, Teoh L, Thapa K, Wainwright CE, Jaffe A (October 2011). "Bacterial Causes of Empyema in Children, Australia, 2007–2009". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 17 (10): 1839–45. doi:10.3201/eid1710.101825. PMC 3310657 . PMID 22000353.
Strachan RE, Cornelius A, Gilbert GL, Gulliver T, Martin A, McDonald T, Nixon G, Roseby R, Ranganathan S, Selvadurai H, Smith G, Soto-Martinez M, Suresh S, Teoh L, Thapa K, Wainwright CE, Jaffe A (January 2012). "Pleural Fluid Nucleic Acid Testing Enhances Pneumococcal Surveillance in Children". Respirology. 17 (1): 114–9. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1843.2011.02035.x. PMID 21848709. S2CID 205481686.
Wainwright CE, Vidmar S, Armstrong DS, Byrnes CA, Carlin JB, Cheney J, Cooper PJ, Grimwood K, Moodie M, Robertson CF, Tiddens HA (July 2011). "Effect of Bronchoalveolar Lavage-directed Therapy on Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Infection and Structural Lung Injury in Children with Cystic Fibrosis: a Randomised Trial". JAMA. 306 (2): 163–71. doi:10.1001/jama.2011.954. PMID 21750293.
Wainwright CE, Quittner AL, Geller DE, Nakamura C, Wooldridge JL, Gibson RL, Lewis S, Montgomery AB (July 2011). "Aztreonam for Inhalation Solution (AZLI) in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis, Mild Lung Impairment, and P. Aeruginosa". Journal of Cystic Fibrosis. 10 (4): 234–42. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2011.02.007 . PMID 21441078.
Reddel HK, Lim TK, Mishima M, Wainwright CE, Knight DA (April 2011). "Year-in-review 2010: Asthma, COPD, Cystic Fibrosis and Airway Biology". Respirology. 16 (3): 540–52. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2011.01949.x . PMID 21338438.
Anuj SN, Whiley DM, Kidd TJ, Ramsay KA, Bell SC, Syrmis MW, Grimwood K, Wainwright CE, Nissen MD, Sloots TP (September 2011). "Rapid Single-nucleotide Polymorphism-based Identification of Clonal Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Patients with Cystic Fibrosis by the Use of Real-time PCR and High-resolution Melting Curve Analysis". Clinical Microbiology and Infection. 17 (9): 1403–8. doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03439.x. hdl: 10453/13814 . PMID 21129101.
Strachan RE, Cornelius A, Gilbert GL, Gulliver T, Martin A, McDonald T, Nixon GM, Roseby R, RanganathanS, Selvadurai H, Smith G, Soto-Martinez M, Suresh S, Teoh L, Thapa K, Wainwright CE, Jaffe A (February 2011). "A Bedside Assay to Detect Streptococcus Pneumoniae in Children with Empyema". Pediatric Pulmonology. 46 (2): 179–83. doi:10.1002/ppul.21349. PMID 20963842. S2CID 34132325.{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Douglas TA, Brennan S, Berry L, Winfield K, Wainwright CE, Grimwood K, Stick SM, Sly SD (November 2010). "Value of Serology in Predicting Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Infection in Young Children with Cystic Fibrosis". Thorax. 65 (11): 985–90. doi: 10.1136/thx.2009.132845 . hdl: 10072/60055 . PMID 20889526.
Xu C, Jackson M, Scuffham PA, Wootton R, Simpson P, Whitty J, Wolfe R, Wainwright CE (September 2010). "A Randomised Controlled Trial of an Interactive Voice Response Telephone System and Specialist Nurse Support for Childhood Asthma Management". Journal of Asthma. 47 (7): 768–73. doi:10.3109/02770903.2010.493966. PMID 20716014. S2CID 42425011.
Kidd TJ, Marks GB, Bye PT, Wainwright CE, Robinson PJ, Rose BR, Harbour C, Bell SC (September 2009). "Multi-centre Research in Australia: Analysis of a Recent National Health and Medical Research Council-funded Project". Respirology. 14 (7): 1051–5. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1843.2009.01595.x. PMID 19740265. S2CID 45048325.
Wainwright CE, France MW, O'Rourke P, Anuj S, Kidd TJ, Nissen MD, Sloots TP, Coulter C, Ristovski Z, Hargreaves M, Rose BR, Harbour C, Bell SC, Fennelly KP (November 2009). "Cough-generated Aerosols of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and other Gram-negative Bacteria from Patients with Cystic Fibrosis". Thorax. 64 (11): 926–31. doi:10.1136/thx.2008.112466. PMC 2764123 . PMID 19574243.
Kidd TJ, Ramsay KA, Hu H, Bye PT, Elkins MR, Grimwood K, Harbour C, Marks GB, Nissen MD, Robinson PJ, Rose BR, Sloots TP, Wainwright CE, Bell SC (May 2009). "Low RAtes of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Misidentification in Isolates from Cystic Fibrosis Patients". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 47 (5): 1503–9. doi:10.1128/jcm.00014-09. PMC 2681828 . PMID 19261796.
Anuj SN, Whiley DM, Kidd TJ, Bell SC, Wainwright CE, Nissen MD, Sloots TP (February 2009). "Identification of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa by a Deplux Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay Targeting the ecfX and the gyrB Genes". Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease. 63 (2): 127–31. doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2008.09.018. PMID 19026507.
Wainwright CE, Grimwood K, Carlin JB, Vidmar S, Cooper PJ, Francis PW, Byrnes CA, Whitehead BF, Martin AJ, Robertson IF, Cooper DM, Dakin CJ, Masters IB, Massie RJ, Robinson PJ, Ranganathan S, Armstrong DS, Patterson LK, Robertson CF (October 2008). "Safety of Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Young Children with Cystic Fibrosis". Pediatric Pulmonology. 43 (10): 965–72. doi:10.1002/ppul.20885. PMID 18780333. S2CID 23961887.
Thomas CL, O'Rourke PK, Wainwright CE (February 2008). "Clinical Outcomes of Queensland Children with Cystic Fibrosis: a Comparison Between Tertiary Centre and Outreach Services". Medical Journal of Australia. 188 (3): 135–9. doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2008.tb01554.x. PMID 18241167. S2CID 17498936.
McMorran BJ, Patat SA, Carlin JB, Grimwood K, Jones A, Armstrong DS, Galati JC, Cooper PJ, Byrnes CA, Francis PW, Roberston CF, Hume DA, Borchers CH, Wainwright CE, Wainwright BJ (October 2007). "Novel Neutrophil-derived Proteins in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Indicate and Exaggerated Inflammatory Response in Pediatric Cystic Fibrosis Patients". Clinical Chemistry. 53 (10): 1782–91. doi: 10.1373/clinchem.2007.087650 . PMID 17702859.
Hennig S, Waterhouse TH, Bell SC, France M, Wainwright CE, Miller H, Charles BG, Duffull SB (April 2007). "A d-optimal Designed Population Pharmacokinetic Study of Oral Itraconazole in Adult Cystic Fibrosis Patients". Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 63 (4): 438–50. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2006.02778.x. PMC 2203246 . PMID 17073891.
Hennig S, Wainwright CE, Bell SC, Miller H, Friberg LE, Charles BG (2006). "Population Pharmacokinetics of Itraconazole and its Active Metabolite Hydroxy-itraconazole in Paediatric Cystic Fibrosis and Bone Marrow Transplant Patients". Clinical Pharmacokinetics. 45 (11): 1099–114. doi:10.2165/00003088-200645110-00004. PMID 17048974. S2CID 40302037.
Murphy AJ, Buntain HM, Wainwright CE, Davies PS (February 2006). "The Nutritional Status of Children with Cystic Fibrosis" (PDF). Journal of Nutrition. 95 (2): 321–4. doi: 10.1079/bjn20051611 . PMID 16469148. S2CID 21878800.
Buntain HM, Schluter PJ, Bell SC, Greer RM, Wong JC, Batch J, Lewindon P, Wainwright CE (February 2006). "Controlled Longitudinal Study of Bone Mass Accrual in Children and Adolescents with Cystic Fibrosis". Thorax. 61 (2): 146–54. doi:10.1136/thx.2005.046516. PMC 2104575 . PMID 16384878.
Chandan SS, Faoagali J, Wainwright CE (August 2005). "Sensitivity of Respiratory Bacteria to Lignocaine". Pathology. 37 (4): 305–7. doi:10.1080/00313020500168752. PMID 16194830. S2CID 5973638.
Buntain HM, Greer RM, Wong JC, Schluter PJ, Batch J, Lewindon P, Bell SC, Wainwright CE (July 2005). "Pubertal Development and its Influences on Bone Mineral Density in Australian Children and Adolescents with Cystic Fibrosis". Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health. 41 (7): 317–22. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1754.2005.00635.x. PMID 16014134. S2CID 35191062.
Syrmis MW, O'Carroll MR, Sloots TP, Coulter C, Wainwright CE, Bell SC, Nissen MD (November 2004). "Rapid Genotyping of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolates Harboured by Adult and Paediatric Patients with Cystic Fibrosis Using Repetitive-element-based PCR Assays". Journal of Medical Microbiology. 53 (11): 1089–96. doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.45611-0 . PMID 15496385.
Greer RM, Buntain HM, Lewindon PJ, Wainwright CE, Potter JM, Wong JC, Francis PW, Batch JA, Bell SC (August 2004). "Vitamin A Levels in Patients with CF are Influenced by the Inflammatory Response". Journal of Cystic Fibrosis. 3 (3): 143–9. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2004.04.003 . PMID 15463900.
O'Carroll MR, Syrmis MW, Wainwright CE, Greer RM, Mitchell P, Coulter C, Sloots TP, Nissen MD, Bell SC (July 2004). "Clonal Strains of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in Paediatric and Adult Cystic Fibrosis Units". European Respiratory Journal. 24 (1): 101–6. doi: 10.1183/09031936.04.00122903 . PMID 15293611.
Murphy AJ, Buntain HM, Wong JC, Greer RM, Wainwright CE, Davies PS (July 2004). "The Use of Air Displacement Plethysmography in Children and Adolescents with Cystic Fibrosis". European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 58 (7): 985–9. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601919 . PMID 15220939.
Buntain HM, Greer RM, Schluter PJ, Wong JC, Batch JA, Potter JM, Lewindon PJ, Powell E, Wainwright CE, Bell SC (February 2004). "Bone Mineral Density in Australian Children, Adolescents and Adults with Cystic Fibrosis: a Controlled Cross Sectional Study". Thorax. 59 (2): 149–55. doi:10.1136/thorax.2003.006726. PMC 1746947 . PMID 14760157.
Greer RM, Buntain HM, Potter JM, Wainwright CE, Wong JC, O'Rourke PK, Francis PW, Bell SC, Batch JA (June 2003). "Abnormalities of the PTH-vitamin D Axis and Bone Turnover Markers in Children, Adolescents and Adults with Cystic Fibrosis: Comparison with Healthy Controls". Osteoporos. Int. 14 (5): 404–11. doi:10.1007/s00198-003-1388-1. PMID 12730764. S2CID 32939096.
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder inherited in an autosomal recessive manner that impairs the normal clearance of mucus from the lungs, which facilitates the colonization and infection of the lungs by bacteria, notably Staphylococcus aureus. CF is a rare genetic disorder that affects mostly the lungs, but also the pancreas, liver, kidneys, and intestine. The hallmark feature of CF is the accumulation of thick mucus in different organs. Long-term issues include difficulty breathing and coughing up mucus as a result of frequent lung infections. Other signs and symptoms may include sinus infections, poor growth, fatty stool, clubbing of the fingers and toes, and infertility in most males. Different people may have different degrees of symptoms.
Bronchiectasis is a disease in which there is permanent enlargement of parts of the airways of the lung. Symptoms typically include a chronic cough with mucus production. Other symptoms include shortness of breath, coughing up blood, and chest pain. Wheezing and nail clubbing may also occur. Those with the disease often get lung infections.
Aztreonam, sold under the brand name Azactam among others, is an antibiotic used primarily to treat infections caused by gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This may include bone infections, endometritis, intra abdominal infections, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and sepsis. It is given by intravenous or intramuscular injection or by inhalation.
Colistin, also known as polymyxin E, is an antibiotic medication used as a last-resort treatment for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative infections including pneumonia. These may involve bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, or Acinetobacter. It comes in two forms: colistimethate sodium can be injected into a vein, injected into a muscle, or inhaled, and colistin sulfate is mainly applied to the skin or taken by mouth. Colistimethate sodium is a prodrug; it is produced by the reaction of colistin with formaldehyde and sodium bisulfite, which leads to the addition of a sulfomethyl group to the primary amines of colistin. Colistimethate sodium is less toxic than colistin when administered parenterally. In aqueous solutions it undergoes hydrolysis to form a complex mixture of partially sulfomethylated derivatives, as well as colistin. Resistance to colistin began to appear as of 2015.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common encapsulated, Gram-negative, aerobic–facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium that can cause disease in plants and animals, including humans. A species of considerable medical importance, P. aeruginosa is a multidrug resistant pathogen recognized for its ubiquity, its intrinsically advanced antibiotic resistance mechanisms, and its association with serious illnesses – hospital-acquired infections such as ventilator-associated pneumonia and various sepsis syndromes. P. aeruginosa is able to selectively inhibit various antibiotics from penetrating its outer membrane - and has high resistance to several antibiotics. According to the World Health Organization P. aeruginosa poses one of the greatest threats to humans in terms of antibiotic resistance.
Tobramycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic derived from Streptomyces tenebrarius that is used to treat various types of bacterial infections, particularly Gram-negative infections. It is especially effective against species of Pseudomonas.
Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) is a species complex consisting of Burkholderia cepacia and at least 20 different biochemically similar species of Gram-negative bacteria. They are catalase-producing and lactose-nonfermenting. Members of BCC are opportunistic human pathogens that most often cause pneumonia in immunocompromised individuals with underlying lung disease. Patients with sickle-cell haemoglobinopathies are also at risk. The species complex also attacks young onion and tobacco plants, and displays a remarkable ability to digest oil.
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an aerobic, nonfermentative, Gram-negative bacterium. It is an uncommon bacterium and human infection is difficult to treat. Initially classified as Bacterium bookeri, then renamed Pseudomonas maltophilia, S. maltophilia was also grouped in the genus Xanthomonas before eventually becoming the type species of the genus Stenotrophomonas in 1993.
Seliciclib is an experimental drug candidate in the family of pharmacological cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors that preferentially inhibit multiple enzyme targets including CDK2, CDK7 and CDK9, which alter the growth phase or state within the cell cycle of treated cells. Seliciclib is being developed by Cyclacel.This is a phase II, dose ranging, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
Pseudomonas infection refers to a disease caused by one of the species of the genus Pseudomonas.
Pyocyanin (PCN−) is one of the many toxic compounds produced and secreted by the Gram negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pyocyanin is a blue secondary metabolite, turning red below pH 4.9, with the ability to oxidise and reduce other molecules and therefore kill microbes competing against P. aeruginosa as well as mammalian cells of the lungs which P. aeruginosa has infected during cystic fibrosis. Since pyocyanin is a zwitterion at blood pH, it is easily able to cross the cell membrane. There are three different states in which pyocyanin can exist: oxidized (blue), monovalently reduced (colourless) or divalently reduced (red). Mitochondria play an important role in the cycling of pyocyanin between its redox states. Due to its redox-active properties, pyocyanin generates reactive oxygen species.
Hypothiocyanite is the anion [OSCN]− and the conjugate base of hypothiocyanous acid (HOSCN). It is an organic compound part of the thiocyanates as it contains the functional group SCN. It is formed when an oxygen is singly bonded to the thiocyanate group. Hypothiocyanous acid is a fairly weak acid; its acid dissociation constant (pKa) is 5.3.
The CFTR inhibitory factor (Cif) is a protein virulence factor secreted by the Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter nosocomialis. Discovered at Dartmouth Medical School, Cif is able to alter the trafficking of select ABC transporters in eukaryotic epithelial cells, such as the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), and P-glycoprotein by interfering with the host deubiquitinating machinery. By promoting the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of CFTR, Cif is able to phenocopy cystic fibrosis at the cellular level. The cif gene is transcribed as part of a 3 gene operon, whose expression is negatively regulated by CifR, a TetR family repressor.
Everett Peter Greenberg is an American microbiologist. He is the inaugural Eugene and Martha Nester Professor of Microbiology at the Department of Microbiology of the University of Washington School of Medicine. He is best known for his research on quorum sensing, and has received multiple awards for his work.
The ivy-DE RNA motif is a conserved RNA structure that was discovered by bioinformatics. ivy-DE motifs are found in the genus Pseudomonas.
Jane Carolyn Davies is a British physician who is Professor of Paediatric Respirology at Imperial College School of Medicine. She is an Honorary Consultant at the Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust.
Jessica A. Scoffield is an American microbiologist and an assistant professor in the Department of Microbiology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine. Scoffield studies the mechanisms by which oral commensal bacteria interfere with pathogenic bacterial growth in order to inform the development of active therapeutic tools to prevent drug resistant pathogen infection. In 2019, Scoffield became the inaugural recipient of the American Association for Dental Research Procter and Gamble Underrepresented Faculty Research Fellowship.
Kalai Mathee is a professor at Florida International University, joint editor-in-chief of the Journal of Medical Microbiology, and an elected fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology. She is known for her research on bacterial infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Underrepresented populations, especially black and hispanic populations with cystic fibrosis are often not successfully diagnosed. This is in part due to the minimal dissemination of existing data on patients from these underrepresented groups. While white populations do appear to experience a higher frequency of cystic fibrosis, other ethnicities are also affected and not always by the same biological mechanisms. Thus, many healthcare and treatment options are less reliable or unavailable to underrepresented populations. This issue affects the level at which public health needs are being met across the world.
Catherine Ann Byrnes is a New Zealand academic paediatrician, and is a full professor at the University of Auckland, specialising in respiratory disease in children, including cystic fibrosis and infectious diseases.