Related Research Articles
The murder of Yvonne Fletcher, a Metropolitan Police officer, occurred on 17 April 1984, when she was fatally wounded by a shot fired from the Libyan embassy on St James's Square, London, by an unknown gunman. Fletcher had been deployed to monitor a demonstration against the Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi, and died shortly afterwards. Her death resulted in an eleven-day siege of the embassy, at the end of which those inside were expelled from the country and the United Kingdom severed diplomatic relations with Libya.
Saif al-Islam Muammar al-Gaddafi is a Libyan political figure. He is the second son of the late Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi and his second wife Safia Farkash. He was a part of his father's inner circle, performing public relations and diplomatic roles on his behalf. He publicly turned down his father's offer of the country's second highest post and held no official government position. According to United States Department of State officials in Tripoli, during his father's reign, he was the second most widely recognized person in Libya, being at times the de facto prime minister, and was mentioned as a possible successor, though he rejected this. An arrest warrant was issued for him on 27 June 2011 by the International Criminal Court (ICC) for charges of crimes against humanity against the Libyan people, for killing and persecuting civilians, under Articles 7(1)(a) and 7(1)(h) of the Rome statute. He denied the charges.
David G. Bradley is partner in The Atlantic and Atlantic Media and the owner of the National Journal Group. Before his career as a publisher, Bradley founded the Advisory Board Company and Corporate Executive Board, two Washington-based consulting companies.
Vanessa Hessler is an Italian-American model and actress. A model since she was 15, Hessler has appeared in many publications throughout Italy, Germany and France.
The Libyan civil war or the 2011 Libyan revolution, also known as the 17 February Revolution and retroactively the First Libyan civil war was an armed conflict in 2011 in the North African country of Libya that was fought between forces loyal to Colonel Muammar Gaddafi and rebel groups that were seeking to oust his government. The war was preceded by protests in Zawiya on 8 August 2009 and finally ignited by protests in Benghazi beginning on Tuesday, 15 February 2011, which led to clashes with security forces who fired on the crowd. The protests escalated into a rebellion that spread across the country, with the forces opposing Gaddafi establishing an interim governing body, the National Transitional Council.
During the early stages of the Libyan Civil War of 2011, the Gaddafi regime was still in power: but there was widespread withdrawal of support from that regime by influential persons and organisations within the country. Among those who no longer supported the regime, the main concern they expressed was what they regarded as its use of excessive force against peaceful protestors. There were many resignations by ministers of the governing council and other senior officials, diplomats posted abroad, and senior military officers. Islamic clerics, tribal leaders, and members of the former royal family expressed their opposition, while the two leading Libyan oil companies also withdrew support for the regime.
Khamis Gaddafi was the seventh and youngest son of former Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi, and the military commander in charge of the Khamis Brigade of the Libyan Army. He was part of his father's inner circle. During the Libyan Civil War in 2011, he was a major target for opposition forces trying to overthrow his father.
Estimates of deaths in the Libyan Civil War vary with figures from 2,500 to 25,000 given between March 2 and October 2, 2011. An exact figure is hard to ascertain, partly due to a media clamp-down by the Libyan government. Some conservative estimates have been released. Some of the killing "may amount to crimes against humanity" according to the United Nations Security Council and as of March 2011, is under investigation by the International Criminal Court.
Ali Hassan al-Jaber was a Qatari national working as a camera operator for the TV channel Al Jazeera.
Mohamed "Mo" Nabbous was a Libyan information technologist, blogger, businessperson and civilian journalist who created and founded Libya Alhurra TV.
Free speech in the media during the Libyan civil war describes the ability of domestic and international media to report news inside Libya free from interference and censorship during the civil war.
Iman al-Obeidi is a former Libyan postgraduate law student who received worldwide media attention during the Libyan Civil War. This was because she burst into the restaurant of the Rixos Hotel in Tripoli and told the international press corps there that Libyan troops had beaten and gang-raped her. Her public statement challenged both the Gaddafi government and the taboo against discussing sex crimes in Libya.
The 2011 Libyan rape allegations were allegations that Gaddafi's forces in Libya were committing mass rape during the 2011 Libyan civil war. Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court Luis Moreno Ocampo said "we have information that there was a policy to rape in Libya those who were against the government." Libyan psychologist Seham Sergiwa said she distributed questionnaires in opposition-held areas and along the Libya–Tunisia border, and 259 women responded that they were raped. Sergiwa told Amnesty International's specialist on Libya that she had lost contact with the 140 victims she interviewed and was unable to provide documentary evidence. In March 2011, Iman al-Obeidi said she was gang-raped before Libyan security services dragged her away.
Safia Farkash Gaddafi is a Libyan businesswoman. She is the widow of former Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi, former First Lady of Libya and Representative of Sirte, and mother of seven of Gaddafi's eight biological children, some of whom participated in their family's regime.
Anton Hammerl was a photojournalist shot and killed by troops loyal to Muammar Gaddafi outside of Brega while covering the Libyan Civil War on 5 April 2011. After his death, Hammerl's family was led to believe by the Gaddafi regime that he was alive and safe, but held in detention in Libya. His family learned about his death on 19 May after the release of a group of journalists who had been with Hammerl when he was killed.
Matthew VanDyke is an American documentary filmmaker, revolutionary, and former journalist. He gained fame during the Libyan Civil War as a foreign fighter on the side of the uprising and as a prisoner of war.
Marie Catherine Colvin was an American journalist who worked as a foreign affairs correspondent for the British newspaper The Sunday Times from 1985 until her death. She was one of the most prominent war correspondents of her generation, widely recognized for her extensive coverage on the frontlines of various conflicts across the globe. On February 22, 2012, Colvin was killed in an attack made by Syrian government forces, while she was covering the siege of Homs alongside the French photojournalist Remi Ochlik.
Hala Misrati is a Libyan writer, television anchor and journalist. She came to wide prominence around the Arab world during the First Libyan Civil War, during which she made pro-Gaddafi government broadcasts on Libyan state television.
James Wright Foley was an American journalist and video reporter. While working as a freelance war correspondent during the Syrian Civil War, he was abducted on November 22, 2012, in northwestern Syria. He was murdered by decapitation in August 2014 purportedly as a response to American airstrikes in Iraq, thus becoming the first American citizen killed by the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS).
Manu Brabo (1981) is a Spanish photojournalist who was captured in Libya along with three other journalists while covering the Libyan Civil War in 2011 and who was part of the Associated Press team to win the Pulitzer Prize for Breaking News Photography in 2013.
References
- ↑ Neal Conan (2011-05-25). "Foley And Gillis Reflect On Captivity In Libya". Talk of the Nation . NPR . Retrieved 2018-03-29.
- ↑ "Anton Hammerl". Committee to Protect Journalists . 5 April 2011. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
- ↑ Aislinn Laing (2011-05-20). "Libya: London-based photographer killed by Gaddafi troops". The Telegraph (U.K.) . Retrieved 2011-11-13.
- ↑ Jon Lee (2011-08-01). "News Desk: Libya: An Exit Strategy and a Body". The New Yorker . Retrieved 2011-12-28.
- ↑ Elizabeth A. Harris (2011-04-07). "Four Foreign Journalists Held in Libya". The New York Times . p. A12. Retrieved 2014-08-22.
GlobalPost, an online news publication, said that the three other journalists were Clare Morgana Gillis, an American freelancer who has reported for The Atlantic, and two photographers, Manu Brabo of Spain and Anton Hammerl of South Africa.
- ↑ Clare Morgana Gillis (December 2011). "What I lost in Libya". Atlantic magazine . Retrieved 2020-05-13.
Before the day was over, it would be exceptional in another way entirely—brutal, heartbreaking—as our initial success made us forget the cardinal rule of war reportage: don't die.
- 1 2 Clare Morgana Gillis (2011-11-14). "Journalist Clare Morgana Gillis on Her Imprisonment in Gadhafi's Libya". WNYC (Interview). Retrieved 2020-05-13.
Gillis has recounted her harrowing tale of capture, imprisonment, and release in the latest issue of The Atlantic magazine. She reflects on her experience and shares her insight into what the future has in store for Libya.
- ↑ Uma Ramiah (2011-07-27). "New Haven Journalist Testifies at Senate Judiciary Committee". National Public Radio . Retrieved 2020-05-13.
She explained that without the help of the Hungarian consulate in Libya, who facilitated her release, she may not have gotten out safely. 'Consular access is vital to people in our situation,' she said.
- ↑ James Foley (2011-05-25). "Journalist Foley Details 6 Weeks of Captivity in Libya: 'I Could Make it'". PBS NewsHour (Interview). Interviewed by Ray Suarez. Archived from the original on 2018-03-29. Retrieved 2018-03-29.
- ↑ "Photographer Anton Hammerl 'killed by Libyan troops'". BBC News . 2011-05-20. Retrieved December 29, 2011.