In Poland, public roads are classified into two kinds of road hierarchies: road classes (according to technical and functional parameters) and road categories (according to the function in the road network). [1]
Road classes are defined by the executive resolution of the Minister of Infrastructure of 24 June 2022. The document specifies technical parameters of public roads, including design speeds, number of carriageways and traffic lanes, surface and shoulder requirements, etc. [2]
| Symbol | Class name | Design speed [a] | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Within built-up area | Outside built-up area | ||
| A | motorway (autostrada) | — | 140 km/h (87 mph) |
| S | expressway (ekspresowa) | — | 130 km/h (81 mph) |
| GP | main of high speed traffic (główna ruchu przyspieszonego) | 70 km/h (43 mph) | 110 km/h (68 mph) |
| G | main (główna) | 60 km/h (37 mph) | 100 km/h (62 mph) |
| Z | collector (zbiorcza) | 50 km/h (31 mph) | 80 km/h (50 mph) |
| L | local (lokalna) | 40 km/h (25 mph) | 60 km/h (37 mph) |
| D | access (dojazdowa) | 30 km/h (19 mph) | 40 or 30 km/h (25 or 19 mph) |
Road categories are defined by the Act on Public Roads of 21 March 1985. [3]
| Category | Required class | Sign |
|---|---|---|
| National road (droga krajowa) | A |  |
| S |  | |
| GP (G allowed) | — | |
| Voivodeship road (droga wojewódzka) | G (GP or Z allowed) | — |
| County road (droga powiatowa) | Z (GP, G or L allowed) | — |
| Municipal road (droga gminna) | L or D (GP, G or Z allowed) | — |