The Colegio Mayor de Santiago, el Zebedeo, Colegio del Arzobispo or Colegio Mayor de Fonseca is a historical edifice in Salamanca, Spain, founded in 1519 by Alonso de Fonseca, archbishop of Santiago de Compostela (hence its name), in order to provide Galician students with a college in which to study within the University of Salamanca. It is one of the Colegios Mayores of Salamanca and was later known as the Colegio de los Irlandeses or the Irish College.
The Colegio Mayor of Santiago el Zebedeo, better known as the Colegio de Arzobispo Fonseca (which should not be confused with the Colegio de Arzobispo Fonseca of Santiago de Compostela), was one of the four Colleges of Salamanca (Spain ), was founded in 1519 by Alonso de Fonseca, archbishop of Santiago de Compostela, so that Galician students had a College to study at the University.
It was later known as the Colegio de los Irlandeses (College of the Irish) because the Colegio de San Patricio (College of St. Patrick), was founded in 1592, at the request of King Philip II, to house the students of Ireland who came to Salamanca due to the English persecution of Catholics in their homeland.
It is the only one of the buildings of the old Salamanca colleges that is preserved. The architects were Diego Siloe, Rodrigo Gil de Hontañón, and Juan de Álava. The building was completed in 1578. The building, of conventual type, is organized around a cloister. It has a relatively simple facade, in which the only decoration was on the facade. Above the door was an image of the apostle James at the Battle of Clavijo. The chapel contained an altarpiece by Alonso Berruguete.
The building was declared an Asset of Cultural Interest in 1931.
With the closing of the colleges in 1798, the Archbishop Fonseca College became a General Hospital in 1801. With the brief restoration of the collegiate institution by Ferdinand VII the school was reopened in 1817. Three years later the school was again closed. It was not in operation for a long time, closed definitively in 1837, and then was occupied by the Irish.
The Irish students left in 1936 with the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War and the building was requisitioned by General Franco. From June 1937 to May 1939 it was occupied by the German embassy. With the opening of seminaries in Ireland, there was less need of the facility in Salamanca, which was in poor repair. The Irish bishops negotiated turning over the premises to the University of Salamanca. For over 360 years, until it closed in 1952, the college welcomed generations of young Irish trainee priests. [1]
It is currently used as a residence for postgraduates and for cultural events, with the name of Colegio Arzobispo Fonseca. In summer the concerts and theatrical performances under the cultural program "Las Noches del Fonseca", sponsored by the University and the Town are celebrated in its courtyard. The hostel is affiliated with the Postgraduate Center of the University of Salamanca.
Santiago de Compostela is the capital of the autonomous community of Galicia, in northwestern Spain. The city has its origin in the shrine of Saint James the Great, now the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, as the destination of the Way of St. James, a leading Catholic pilgrimage route since the 9th century. In 1985, the city's Old Town was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
The Compostela Group of Universities (CGU) is an international non-profit association that promotes and executes collaboration projects between institutions of higher education. It currently has 67 full members, 2 associate members and 9 mutual membership agreements with institutions from 27 different countries.
The University of Santiago de Compostela - USC is a public university located in the city of Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain. A second campus is located in Lugo, Galicia. It is one of the world's oldest universities in continuous operation.
Irish Colleges is the collective name used for approximately 34 centres of education for Irish Catholic clergy and lay people opened on continental Europe in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries.
The Metropolitan Archdiocese of Compostela, is the senior of the five districts in which the Catholic Church divides Galicia in North-western Spain.
Rodrigo Gil de Hontañón (1500–1577) was a Spanish architect of the Renaissance.
Renaissance architecture was that style of architecture which evolved firstly in Florence and then Rome and other parts of the Italian Peninsula as the result of Renaissance humanism and a revived interest in Classical architecture. It was part of the general movement known as the Renaissance, which spread outwards from Italy and affected many aspects of scholarship and the arts.
Bérenger de Landore (1262–1330) was a French Dominican, who became Master of the Order of Preachers (1312–1317), and then Archbishop of Santiago de Compostela (1317-1330). He was from a noble family of southern France.
Alonso III Fonseca was a Galician archbishop and politician. He was archbishop of Santiago de Compostela from 1507, and archbishop of Toledo from 1523. He was a major supporter of the University of Santiago de Compostela. He was the son of the archbishop Alonso II Fonseca and Alonso II's concubine María de Ulloa.
The San Clemente Dormitory is a public dormitory, depending on Universidad de Santiago de Compostela and located in the same city.
The Convent of St Dominic is a former Dominican monastery in Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
The Fonseca Prize of science communication is an annual award created by the University of Santiago de Compostela and the Consortium of Santiago under the auspices of the Program ConCiencia.
Purism is an initial phase of Renaissance architecture in Spain, which took place between 1530 and 1560, after Isabelline Gothic and prior to the Herrerian architecture in the last third of the 16th century. The name "Prince Philip" refers to the period in which Philip II of Spain had not yet received the inheritance of the Spanish Monarchy by abdication of his father, the Emperor Charles V (1556). The name "Serlian" is due to the influential architect and treatise Sebastiano Serlio.
Gaspar de Ávalos de la Cueva (1485–1545), also named Gaspar Dávalos de la Cueva, was a Spanish Roman Catholic bishop and cardinal.
The Irish College at Salamanca was founded by Rev. Thomas White, formerly of Clonmel, Ireland, in 1592 to house the students of that country who came to Salamanca due to the English persecution of the Catholics. The students resided at the college while attending lectures at the University of Salamanca.
Francisco de Aguiar y Seijas y Ulloa was a Spanish cleric and bishop, notable as bishop of Michoacán and archbishop of Mexico.
Erguer. Estudantes da Galiza is a Galician student union that advocates for a public, democratic, galician language, quality and antipatriarchal education. Any high school, vocational training or university student can join Erguer. Erguer also advocates for Galician independence and a Republic of Galicia.
Pedro Suárez de Deza was a Spanish prelate, the bishop of Salamanca from 1166 until his transfer to the archbishopric of Santiago de Compostela in 1173, where he remained until his death. In 1183 he served as chancellor of the kingdom of León. Of his stature in the Leonese kingdom, Roger Wright claims that he "would probably be now ... widely celebrated ... if he had only had a biographer", like his predecessor, Diego Gelmírez, did.
Juan de Álava (1480-1537) was a Spanish architect best known for his stonework produced in the Plateresque style.
