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Coleman Kaserne (original German name: Kaserne Gelnhausen) was a United States Army base located in the German city of Gelnhausen, located in the state of Hessen. Coleman Kaserne should not be confused with the U.S. Army "Coleman Barracks" which is located in Mannheim. Kaserne is a German word for barracks.
Built for the Wehrmacht, construction of the base was started in 1933 and completed in 1936. It was the garrison of the Wehrmacht's 9th Anti-Tank Battalion (Panzer-Abwehrabteilung 9, abbreviated as PzAbwAbt 9). As part of the German 9th Infantry Division, PzAbwAbt 9 departed for the Western Front in September 1939 (ultimately, the unit was assigned to the war against the Soviet Union); it never returned to Gelnhausen. The Kaserne was captured by the U.S. Army in 1945. In the late 1940s the kaserne was simply called Gelnhausen Kaserne. In 1947 a segregated unit, the 547th Engineer Construction Battalion, was stationed at Gelnhausen Kaserne. In 1948 the 547th was redesignated as an Engineer Combat Battalion, and was assigned to the U.S. Constabulary. The 547th relocated from Gelnhausen to Darmstadt in August, 1951. Also, Gelnhausen Kaserne was temporary home for Headquarters, 14th Armored Cavalry Regiment of the U.S. Constabulary in the late 1940s. Coleman Kaserne received its name in 1950. It was named for Lt Kenneth W. Coleman, a Black soldier who was assigned to the 761st Tank Battalion, and who was killed in combat in the autumn of 1944 in NW Europe. He received the Silver Star.
The 4th Infantry Division (4th ID) occupied Coleman Kaserne from 1951 to 1956 (Most of that time was during the U.S. Occupation Zone in western Germany; the U.S. Occupation in western Germany ended on May 5, 1955). "Combat Command B" (CCB) of the 3rd Armored Division (3rd AD) from Fort Knox, Kentucky, moved into Coleman Kaserne on 30 June 1956, replacing the units from the 4th ID, which rotated to Fort Lewis, Washington. 3AD's Combat Command B converted to the designation, 2nd Brigade, 3rd Armored Division as part of the 1963 ROAD conversion (ROAD: Reorganization Objective Army Division, an Army initiative to reorganize the structure of their divisions). Initial ROAD-authorized battalions at Coleman Kaserne were 1st Battalion, 33rd Armor; 1st and 2nd Battalions, 48th Infantry (Mechanized) (the 1st Bn is currently a Basic Training Unit at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri); and the 2nd Battalion, 6th Field Artillery. Support units assigned to Coleman Kaserne were the 503rd Military Police and Company E, 122nd Maintenance Battalion.
Following 3rd AD inactivation in 1992, the part of the Coleman Kaserne complex known as Coleman Village became a bedroom community for the 414th Base Support Battalion (BSB). Coleman Village then became quarters for married personnel and their families assigned to the 1st Armored Division's 1st Squadron of the 1st Cavalry Regiment aka "The Blackhawk Squadron", located at Armstrong Barracks in Büdingen. Shortly thereafter,[ when? ] Coleman Kaserne was returned to the German authorities and was temporarily used to house refugees seeking asylum.
The base was decommissioned. The original barracks still stand, which local businesses reside in. The center field became Kasernen Park.
The 2nd Armored Division was an armored division of the United States Army. The division played important roles during World War II in the invasions of Germany, North Africa, and Sicily and in the liberation of France, Belgium, and the Netherlands. During the Cold War, the division was primarily based at Fort Hood, Texas, and had a reinforced brigade forward stationed in Garlstedt, West Germany. After participation in the Persian Gulf War, the division was inactivated in 1995.
The 3rd Armored Division was an armored division of the United States Army. Unofficially nicknamed the "Third Herd", the division was first activated in 1941 and was active in the European Theater of World War II. The division was stationed in West Germany for much of the Cold War and also participated in the Persian Gulf War. On 17 January 1992, still in Germany, the division ceased operations. In October 1992, it was formally inactivated as part of a general drawing down of U.S. military forces at the end of the Cold War.
The VII Army Corps of the United States Army was one of the two principal corps of the United States Army Europe during the Cold War. Activated in 1918 for World War I, it was reactivated for World War II and again during the Cold War. During both World War II and the Cold War it was subordinate to the Seventh Army, or USAREUR and was headquartered at Kelley Barracks in Stuttgart, West Germany, from 1951 until it was redeployed to the US after significant success in the Gulf War in 1991, then inactivated in 1992.
The 6th Infantry Regiment ("Regulars") was formed 11 January 1812. Zachary Taylor, later the twelfth President of the United States, was a commander of the unit. The motto, "Regulars, By God!" derives from the Battle of Chippawa, in which British Major General Phineas Riall noticed that the approaching regiment had on the uniforms of militia, which the British had defeated at Queenston Heights. Instead, the Americans pressed the attack. Riall is believed to have said, "Those are Regulars, By God!", though the only source of this was opposing U.S. General Winfield Scott.
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The 48th Infantry Regiment is an infantry regiment in the United States Army first formed in 1917.
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Warner Barracks was a United States Army military base in the city of Bamberg, Bavaria, southern Germany. The base had been occupied by U.S. forces since the end of World War II. Elements of the U.S. Army's 3rd Infantry Division and 45th Infantry Division entered the town on 13 and 14 April 1945. But before the war, this military site had a colorful history that goes hand-in-hand with Bamberg's history, which began in the 10th century. Bamberg was originally a fort on a hill. The view enabled soldiers of the time to watch the city and guard it against possible attacks. In 973, the Duke of Bavaria gained control of the fort. The city and fort fell under Swedish Protestants' control during the Thirty Years War when the Swedes engulfed the city and took it forcibly in 1634.
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