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 The facade of the college | |
| Type | Institution for High Cultural Qualification |
|---|---|
| Established | 1429 |
| Rector | Michaela Magliacani |
| Students | 156 |
| Location | , 45°11′14″N9°09′41″E / 45.1871°N 9.1613°E |
| Website | |
The Castiglioni College can be considered the oldest university college in Pavia. It was founded by Cardinal Branda da Castiglione in 1429. [1]
In 1429 Cardinal Branda da Castiglione, who had studied at the University of Pavia, decided to found a college in the city that was initially to host 24 poor but deserving students: 18 Italians and six foreigners. The same cardinal also wrote the first statutes of the college, which were approved by Pope Martin V. Furthermore, Branda da Castiglione also managed to obtain privileges from both the pope and the emperor Sigismund, including an exemption from taxes for both the college and for his students. In addition to the goods essential to its existence, Cardinal da Castiglione endowed his foundation with a refectory, a garden, a rich library and a chapel, and also donated vast agricultural properties in the Pavian countryside to the college. [2] [3]
Across many centuries of history the College went through several difficult periods. For example, during the first phase of the war in the sixteenth century between Charles V and Francis I, which heavily involved Pavia where the famous battle of Pavia also took place, the College had to host Spanish and German students, and was even closed for some time. In 1533, however, the College was open and in 1535 it housed sixteen students.
In the second half of the 16th century, Cardinal Francesco Abbondio Castiglioni took care of the college, rearranging its finances and bringing the number of students in 1570 to over twenty. In 1640 the statutes of the college were modified, but the institution began to go through a phase of decline, so much so that in 1770, the plenipotentiary minister of Austrian Lombardy, Karl Joseph von Firmian, decided to merge it with other colleges in Pavia and to reform it. [4] In 1804 the college was joined with the nearby Ghislieri College.
In 1805 it was then sold to the chemist Luigi Valentino Brugnatelli, who transformed it into the home of the Brugnatelli family. In 1928, Luigi Brugnatelli, professor of Mineralogy at the University of Pavia and grandson of Luigi Valentino Brugnatelli, donated the building to the University of Pavia, [5] which after careful restoration, reopened it in 1948 and transformed it into the College Castiglioni Brugnatelli. [6]
The current building is the result of several progressive interventions that altered, in part, the original construction, documenting the long history of the building, its changes of ownership and intended uses. The ancient and monumental structure is spread over three floors above ground with staggered levels, and has brick masonry left exposed. The building has a U-shaped plan which defines a large rectangular courtyard inside. [7]
Remarkably this building retains the oratory, which has paintings of great interest dating back to 1475, [8] and the work of Bonifacio Bembo, who was housed in the college that year and who also worked at the Visconti Castle in Pavia. The oratory consists of a square room covered by rib vaults inside which, within wreaths of flowers and fruit, there are four medallions with the symbols of the Evangelists, while the creases are flanked by festoons that stand out against the dark red background. The walls hold depictions of the Resurrection (north wall), the Nativity and the Adoration of the Magi. [9]
Pavia is a town and comune of south-western Lombardy, in Northern Italy, 35 kilometres south of Milan on the lower Ticino near its confluence with the Po. It has a population of c. 73,086. The city was the capital of the Ostrogothic Kingdom from 540 to 553, of the Kingdom of the Lombards from 572 to 774, of the Kingdom of Italy from 774 to 1024 and seat of the Visconti court from 1365 to 1413.
Pope Pius VIII, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 31 March 1829 to his death in November 1830.
The Church of St. Ignatius of Loyola at Campus Martius is a Roman Catholic titular church, of deaconry rank, dedicated to Ignatius of Loyola, the founder of the Society of Jesus, located in Rome, Italy. Built in Baroque style between 1626 and 1650, the church functioned originally as the chapel of the adjacent Roman College, which moved in 1584 to a new larger building and was renamed the Pontifical Gregorian University.
The University of Pavia is a university located in Pavia, Lombardy, Italy. There was evidence of teaching as early as 1361, making it one of the oldest universities in the world. It was the sole university in Milan and the greater Lombardy region until the end of the 19th century. In 2022 the university was recognized by the Times Higher Education among the top 10 in Italy and among the 300 best in the world. Currently, it has 18 departments and 9 faculties. It does not have a main campus; its buildings and facilities are scattered around the city, which is in turn called "a city campus." The university caters to more than 20,000 students who come from Italy and all over the world.
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Thomas Basin (1412–1491) was a French bishop of Lisieux and historian.
Vincenzo Foppa was an Italian painter from the Renaissance period. While few of his works survive, he was an esteemed and influential painter during his time and is considered the preeminent leader of the Early Lombard School. He spent his career working for the Sforza family, Dukes of Milan, in Pavia, as well as various other patrons throughout Lombardy and Liguria. He lived and worked in his native Brescia during his later years.
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Bonifacio Bembo, also called Bonfazio Bembo, or simply just Bembo, was a north Italian Renaissance artist born in Brescia in 1420. He was the son of Giovanni Bembo, an active painter during his time. As a painter, Bonifacio mainly worked in Cremona. He was patronized by the Sforza family and was commissioned to paint portraits of Francesco Sforza and his wife Bianca Maria Visconti. Scholars have credited him as the artist who produced a tarot card deck for the Visconti-Sforza families, now held in the Cary Collection of Playing Cards at Yale University. In the past century, art historians have begun to question the authenticity of his works, believing his only two secure works to be the portraits of Francesco and Bianca Maria Sforza. He is believed to have died sometime before 1482.
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For the former Borromeo College in the United States see Saint Mary Seminary and Graduate School of Theology#Borromeo College
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Pontifical Roman Athenaeum S. Apollinare is a former pontifical university in Rome, named after St. Apollinaris of Ravenna. Its facilities are now occupied by the Pontifical University of the Holy Cross.
Baldassare Castiglione, Count of Casatico, was an Italian courtier, diplomat, soldier and a prominent Renaissance author.
Branda da Castiglione was an early Italian humanist, a papal diplomat and a Roman Catholic cardinal.
Giacomo Simonetta (1475–1539) was an Italian Roman Catholic bishop and cardinal.
Morimondo Abbey is a former Cistercian monastery located at Morimondo, a few kilometers south of Abbiategrasso in the Metropolitan City of Milan, Lombardy, northern Italy. The surviving structure is Romanesque and Gothic. It was founded in 1134 as a daughter house of Morimond Abbey near Dijon, from which it took its name.